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1、million billion thousand hundred1. million百万 billion十亿 thousand千 hundred百 hundreds、hundred of 两种用法根本不存在。 hundred是整数，前面无论加多大的数字，其后也不能加s eg The final number of the book is 1000 hundred. hundreds of 是“成百上千的”之意，不是准确数字，只形容数量众多 eg Hundreds of students attend the meeting. 2. discovery n.-discover v.发现 3. s
2、pend-pay-cost-take take 一般用it做主语，例：it take sb sometime to do sth. spend 一般是人做主语，例：I spend an hour to finish my homework. cost表示某物值什么的例：The bool cost 200yuan. pay一般是人做主语，例：I pay an hour to do my homework spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构： (1) spend time money on sth. 在上花费时间。例：I spent two hours on this maths prob
3、lem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买。例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) 金钱,某物花了多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of mone
4、y. (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间,某物花了多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种： (1) It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. (2)doing sth. takes sb. 时间,做某事花了某人多少时间
5、。例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. pay的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱买。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我 (2)pay for sth. 付的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例：Don?蒺t worry!Ill pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。 (4)pay sb.
6、付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 4. pleasure n. it is a pleasure to do sth. it is + adj./n. to do sth. eg:1. interesting English. A. It; learn B. Its; learn C. Its ;to learn D. It; to learn 2.踢足球是很让人兴奋的。 very exciting basketball. 5. shoot n. v.射击 shoot at sb./sth. 6. female女人 male男人 7. p
7、rotect from eg: Sunglasses can protect us from the strong sunshine. Hair can protect our heads from being hurt. 8. look up look after look at look down upon 9. be famous for/as be famous for意为“因为而出名”，后接出名的原因 Now York is famous for its high buildings. 纽约以高楼大厦而闻名 He is famous for his novels. 他因他的小说而出名
8、。 be famous as 作为而出名，前面的主语和后面的名词意思一致 如：Lu Xun was famous as a writer. 鲁迅是位著名的作家。 Hangzhou is famous as a tourist place. 杭州是一个旅游胜地 be famous for 后接宾语是主语的所属内容，be famous as后接宾语是主语的同位成分 He is famous for his beautiful songs. /as a singer. eg: 杭州因西湖而闻名。Hangzhou the West Lake. 10. such as for example 1）for
9、 example强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。如： Many people here, for example, John, would rather have coffee. 2）such as用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但其后边不能用逗号。如： Many of the English programmes are well received, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science . 11. a number of the number
10、of 1） the number of表示“的数量”，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数。例如： The number of students in our class is50 The number of pages in this book is 60 2） a number of表示“许多”，相当于 many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。number前可用large，small等修饰，以表示程度。例如： A number of students are planting trees on the hill 12. be interested i
11、n 13. because of because because和because of的意思都是：因为，由于。 但是在用法上又有不同。 because：后加从句。 比如：She doesnt go to school because she is ill. because of：后加代词/名词/动词的ing形式。 比如She doesnt go to school because of her illness. He didnt go to school he was ill. He didnt go to school his illness. 14. neither nor either
12、or both and either.or. neither.nor连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的就近原则。 either.or表示两者中有一个，要么要么 例：Either you or I am good students. 要么你是好学生，要么我是好学生。 注意：动词谓语就近原则。 neither.nor表示两者都不 例：neither you nor I am good students. 你和我都不是好学生。 注意：动词谓语就近原则。 both.and表示两者都 谓语动词用复数，例：Both you and I are good s
13、tudents. 你和我都是好学生。 注意：动词谓语用复数 I dont like maths. I dont like physics, either.(改为同义句) - I like maths physics. 杰克和迈克游泳都不好。 Jack Mike well. 15. some others one the other 只有两个 some the others 有三个以上 some others，others others = other people/things the others = the rest 剩余的全部 1) 泛指另一个用another。 2) 一定范围内两人(物
14、)，一个用one，另一个用the other。 3) 一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one (another)，第三个可用the other，a third。 4) 一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用the others。 5) 泛指别的人或物时，用others当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部时，也用others 16. as +adj./adv.原形+ as 17. be good at 18. begin to do sth./doing sth. 19. one of +最高级+ns 20. be full of (状态)= be filled with
15、21. help sb. do. sth. make / let / have sb. do sth. 22. 比较级and 比较级 越来越 the + 比较级，the +比较级 越 越 23. the +序数词+ 最高级 the first/second/third biggest country 24. this- these that-those eg: pears are not good. Ill choose some of apples. A. These;those B. These; that C. This; that D. This;those 可数和不可数名词 25.
16、可数名词变复数1.直接+s pen-pens apple-apples 2.以 s, sh, ch, x结尾的 +es class-classes brush-brushes watches box-boxes 3.以辅音字母+y 结尾 y-ies factory-factories 以元音字母+y 结尾(注意读音) 直接+s toy-toys monkey-monkeys 4.以 f 或 fe结尾的词，life wife thief knife wolf leaf 5.photo piano bamboo radio (加s) Negro hero photo tomato (加es) 6.
17、不规则变化 单复数同形 sheep deer fish (2) foot- feet tooth-teeth child-children mouse-mice (3)中日不变，英法a-e ,其他加s. 7.不可数名词的数: “数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词” 用some much little any a lot of plenty of 等 a.-Would you like some drinks,boys? -Yes, ,please. A.some oranges B.two boxes of chocolates C.some cakes D. two bottles of o
18、range b.- Could I have something to eat? - Sure, Heres some . A.chicken B. tomatoes C. orange c.My friend Dave helped me a lot by giving me on English learning. A. advices B. many advices C. some advice 8.名词所有格 (1)of 所有格 所有者为无生命的事物，用“of +名词” eg: the neme of the book a picture of my family (2) s 的所有格
19、 在单数名词词尾+s Mikes pen the boys mother 以s 结尾的单数名词加“” My boss hat 以-s 或-es 结尾的复数名词只加“ the studentsdining-room. mens room a.-How s Joys skirt ? -Her skirt is more beautiful than . A.her sisters and Kate B. her sister and Kate C. her sister and Kates D. her sisters and Kates b. room is big and bright. Th
20、ey like it very much. A.Tom and Sam B. Toms and Sam C. Tom and Sams D. Toms and Sams c.Whose dictionaries are these ? -They are the . A. twins B. twin C. twins D. twin d.Mrs. Bond is an old friend of .(双重所有格 of + n.s) A. Jack mother B. Jack mothers C. Jacks mother D. Jacks mothers Exercises 1.I dont
21、 think looking after children is just D work. A. woman B. womans C. women D. womens 2.- Can I help you? -Id like for my twin daughters. A. two pair of shoes B.two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes 3.-Would you like some drinks, boys? -Yes, , please. A. some oranges B. two boxes
22、 of chocolate C. some cakes D. two boxes of cola 4.I saw many eating grass on the hill. A. horse B. cow C. rabbit D. sheep 5. mothers cant come to the meeting because they have gone to Dalian. A. Sallys and Jane B. Sally and Janes C. Sallys and Janes 6.You can get much about the World Expo on the In
23、ternet. A. map B.picture C. ticket D. information 7.Mr. Black gave us on how to learn English well. A. an advice B. many advices C. some advice D. some advices 8.The restaurant is so popular here. Look, there are so many here. A.food B. dish C. people D. waiter 9.-Good morning,madam. Can I help you
24、? -Sure. Id like for cooking vegetables. A.two cups of coffee B. three pieces of bread C.one bowl of dumplings D. five kilos of oil 10.whats in the cupboard? -A few , but little . A.apples, coffee B. coffee, apples C. apple, coffees D. coffees, apple 11.-Would you like something to drink, or coffee?
25、 -Coffee,please. A. fruit B. tea C. meat D. bread 12.This is computer. The twin brothers like it very much. A. Mike and Jack B. Mikes and Jacks C. Mike and Jacks 13.-Would you like some more ? -Thank, Im full already. A.banana B. cake C. bread D. water 14.LiFeng bought his mother a nice handbag on D
26、ay. A.Mother B. mother C. Mothers D. mothers 15.-How many students are there in your school? - the students in our school over two thousand. A. The number of ; is B. The number of ; are C. A number of; is D. A number of ;are 16.Are these your ? A.tomato B. potatos C. radioes D. photos 17.Would you l
27、ike some , please? A. milks B. milk C. a milk D.the milk 18.The students asked the expert questions about the planets travelling around the sun. A.much B.a little C. hundred of D. a number of 8. He _ fifty yuan on the book. A. spend B. spent C. cost D. pay 18. It _ me 10 minutes to do homework every
28、 day. A. take B. takes C. took D. taking 24.He usually spends half an hour_his homework。 A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 10. There are _ boys in the school. A. two hundred B. two hundreds C. two hundreds of D. hundred of 12. The number of our students _ forty- eight. A. is B. are C. be D. am 15. They
29、 let us _ for 20 minutes. A. keep waiting B. keep to wait C. to keeping waiting D. to keep to wait 2. You may ask him for _ about that. A. an information B. informations C. some information D. some informations 13. Please give me _. A. two pieces of advices B. two piece of advice C. two pieces of ad
30、vice D. two piece of advices 14. A horse is _ useful animal. A. a B. an C. the D. / 16. My father is ill, I must _ him. A. take care B. look after C. ask for D. pay for 19. His sister is afraid_ dogs. A. at B. in C. of D. on 1.Nick is a lazy boy. impossible for him the competition. A. Its ;win B. It
31、s; to win C. Its; to win C. Its; win 2.In the past few units, we learned some phrases of this kind, B at school, at breakfast and at work. A.for example B. such as C. up to D. because of 3.Guangzhou is famous beautiful flowers. A. as B. for C. of D. in 4.His grandmother an illness when she was eight
32、y years old. A. worked as B. worked out C. died of D.died out 5.Some kinds of animals died out people killed them for food or money. A.because of B. because C .the number of 6.-Whats the weather like there now? -Its sunny, but ,about 18-22 all day. A.hot as well as cold B. very hot as well C. neither hot nor cold D. either too hot or too cold 7.He is as as a bull. He eats a lot and does exercise every day. A. stronger B. strongest C.strong D. strongly
