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1、,The Moon and Sixpence,旅管181 董杰 铁飞扬 卢浩玥,The Introduction,01,01,The Moon and Sixpence is a novel written by the British novelist William Somerset Maugham,written in 1919.,Paul Gauguin,French post-impressionist painter,This book describes an ordinary London stockbroker,Charles Strickland,who abandons
2、his wife and children abruptly to pursue his desire to become an artist.,In the process of his wandering around,he fills canvas after canvas,refusing to sell or even exhibit his work.,Beset by poverty,sickness,and his own intransigent,he then drifts to Tahiti,where he lived for a few years before dy
3、ing of leprosy.(an infectious disease that causes painful white areas on the skin and can destroy nerves and flesh 麻风),Strickland left behind numerous paintings,but his wife burned his masterpiece,which he painted on the walls of his hut before losing his sight to leprosy,in order to follow his dyin
4、g orders.,The Title,02,Sixpence was the smallest unit of the British currency at the time.,“People often forgot the sixpence at the foot when they looked up at the moon.”,The moon has a very sacred and lofty meaning in the West.,The moon represents the ideal and a true love that is not swayed by mat
5、erial,and the sixpence represents cruel reality and secular material.,“He lives at another level.,Other peoples life is constantly doing addition,but he is doing subtraction.,Every identity of a person is a self-abduction,and only loss is the path to freedom.,He did not choose a dream,but was hit by
6、 a dream.Just like his own words,I have to paint,just like drowning people have to struggle.,He is different from the others:while others are chasing fame and fortune,he refused to be“others”.The ground was sixpence,but he looked up and saw the moon.,03Character analysisMr.Strickland,Storyteller,Sto
7、ryteller,Storyteller is a writer,In point of fact he was broad and heavy,with large hands and feet,and he wore his evening clothes clumsily（笨拙地）.He was a man of forty,not good-looking,and yet not ugly,for his features were rather good;but they were all a little larger than life-size,and the effect w
8、as ungainly（笨拙地）.He was clean shaven,and his large face looked uncomfortably naked.His hair was reddish,cut very short,and his eyes were small blue or grey.,Appearance in London,Their flat was always neat and cheerful,gay with flowers,and the chintzes(印花布)in the drawing-room,notwithstanding(尽管)their
9、 severe design,were bright and pretty.The meals in the artistic little dining-room were pleasant;the table looked nice,the maids were trim and comely;the food was well cooked.,Home in London,Appearance in Paris,He was sitting there in his old Norfolk jacket and his unbrushed bowler;his trousers were
10、 baggy,his hands were not clean;and his face,with the red stubble of the unshaved chin,the little eyes,and the large,aggressive nose,was uncouth and coarse.When last I(writer)saw him he was spruce（打扮整齐）enough,but he looked ill at ease:now,untidy and ill-kempt,he looked perfectly at home.,It was a ve
11、ry small room,overcrowded with furniture of the style which the French know as Louis Philippe.There was a large wooden bedstead on which was a billowing red eiderdown（鸭绒被）,and there was a large wardrobe（衣柜）,a round table,a very small washstand,and two stuffed chairs covered with red rep.Everything w
12、as dirty and shabby.,Home in Paris,In the Marseilles,He wore nothing but a paleo土著.He was an extraordinary figure,with his red beard and matted hair,and his great hairy chest.His feet were horny and scarred,so that I(Captain Brunot)knew he went always bare foot.He had gone native with a vengeance.,A
13、ppearance in Tahiti,The pareo is a long trip of trade cotton,red or blue,stamped with a white pattern.It is worn round the waist and hangs to the knees.(缠腰布 土著人的服饰),Home in Tahiti,The place where Strickland lived had the beauty of the Garden of Eden.A corner hidden away from all the world,with the b
14、lue sky overhead and the rich,luxuriant trees.It was a feast of colour.And it was fragrant and cool.Words cannot describe that paradise.And here he lived,unmindful of the world and by the world forgotten.斯特兰里克兰住的地方美的就像是伊甸园，一个与尘世隔绝的世外桃源，头顶是碧蓝的天空，到处是绿意葱茏、枝繁叶茂的树木。那简直是个彩色的盛宴，而且芬芳馥郁，凉爽宜人，言语根本就无法描述那个人间天堂，
15、而他就住在这么一个地方，不问世事，也完全被世人所遗忘,I(writer)suppose the next three years were the happiest of Stricklands life.He painted and he read,and in the evening,when it was dark,they(Mr.Strickland and Ata)sat together on the verandah(走廊）,smoking and looking at the night.,Sentence appreciation,04,Each one of us is a
16、lone in the world.He is shut in a tower of brass黄铜,and can communicate with his fellows only by signs,and the signs have no common value,so that their sense is vague模糊 and uncertain.We are like people living in a country whose language they know so little that,with all manner of beautiful and profou
17、nd深厚 things to say,they are condemned判死刑 to the banalities平凡 of the conversation manual社交套路.,I forget who it was that recommended men for their souls good to do each day two things they disliked:it was a wise man,and it is a precept that I have followed scrupulously;for every day I have got up and I
18、 have gone to bed.（chapter 2）我不记得是谁曾经建议过，为了使灵魂宁静，一个人每天要做两件他不喜欢的事。说这句话的人是个聪明人，我也一直在一丝不苟地按照这条格言行事：因为我每天早上都起床，每天也都上床睡觉。,The faculty能力 for myth is innate先天的in the human race.It seizes with avidity贪欲 upon any incidents,surprising or mysterious,in the career of those who have at all distinguished themselv
19、es from their fellows,and invents a legend to which it then attaches系上 a fanatical狂热的 belief.It is the protest of romance against the commonplace of life.（chapter 1）制造神话是人类的天性，对那些出类拔萃的人物，如果他们生活中有什么令人感到诧异或者迷惑不解的事件，人们就会如饥似渴地抓住不放，编造出种种神话，而且深信不疑。这可以说是浪漫主义对平淡生活的一种抗议。,that civilised man practises a strang
20、e ingenuity心灵手巧的 in wasting on tedious沉闷的 exercises the brief span持续 of his life.（c8）文明社会这样消磨自己的心智，把短促的生命浪费在无聊的应酬上实在令人莫解。,I had not yet learnt how contradictory is human nature;I did not know how much pose there is in the sincere,how much baseness in the noble,nor how much goodness in the reprobate恶
21、棍.我那时还不了解人性多么矛盾，我不知道真挚中含有多少做作，高尚中蕴藏着多少卑鄙，或者，即使在邪恶里也找得着美德。（chapter 10）,We were like tram-cars电车 running on their lines from terminus重点 to terminus,and it was possible to calculate within small limits the number of passengers they would carry.我们这些人就象从终点站到终点站往返行驶的有轨电车，连乘客的数目也能估计个八九不离十。生活被安排得太有秩序了。我觉得简直
22、太可怕了。（c 18）,1,I tell you Ive got to paint.I cant help myself.When a man falls into the water it doesnt matter how he swims,well or badly:hes got to get out or else hell drown.,2,He seemed really to be possessed of a devil,and I felt that it might suddenly turn and rend撕碎 him.,3,But a fever in my blo
23、od asked for a wilder course.,4,In my heart was a desire to live more dangerously.I was not unprepared for jagged有锯口的 rocks and treacherous危险的 shoals if I could only have change-change and the excitement of the unforeseen.,It reminds you of a placid平静的 rivulet小溪,meandering smoothly through green pas
24、tures and shaded by pleasant trees,till at last it falls into the vasty sea;but the sea is so calm,so silent,so indifferent,that you are troubled suddenly by a vague模糊的 uneasiness.,It was this:I asked myself whether there was not in his soul some deep-rooted instinct of creation,which the circumstan
25、ces of his life had obscured掩盖,but which grew relentlessly残酷的,as a cancer may grow in the living tissues,till at last it took possession of his whole being and forced him irresistibly to action.我怀疑是否在他的灵魂中深深埋藏着某种创作的欲望，这种欲望尽管为他的生活环境掩盖着，却一直在毫不留情地膨胀壮大，正象肿瘤在有机组织中不断长大一样，直到最后完全把他控制住，逼得他必须采取行动，毫无反抗能力。,With
26、 some men it needs a cataclysm大变动,as a stone may be broken to fragments碎片 by the fury狂怒 of a torrent;but with some it comes gradually,as a stone may be worn away by the ceaseless不断地 fall of a drop of water.Strickland had the directness of the fanatic狂热分子 and the ferocity凶猛 of the apostle信徒.有一些人通过激变，
27、有如愤怒的激流把石块一下子冲击成齑粉；另一些人则由于日积月累，好象不断的水滴，迟早要把石块磨穿。思特里克兰德有着盲信者的直截了当和使徒的狂热不羁。,“And the passion that held Strickland was a passion to create beauty.It gave him no peace.It urged him hither and thither到处.He was eternally a pilgrim朝圣者,haunted by a divine nostalgia神圣的乡愁,and the demon within him was ruthless
28、残忍.There are men whose desire for truth is so great that to attain it they will shatter粉碎 the very foundation of their world.Of such was Strickland,only beauty with him took the place of truth.使思特里克兰德着了迷的是一种创作欲，他热切地想创造出美来。这种激情叫他一刻也不能宁静。逼着他东奔西走。他好象是一个终生跋涉的朝香者，永远思慕着一块圣地。盘踞在他心头的魔鬼对他毫无怜悯之情。世上有些人渴望寻获真理，他
29、们的要求非常强烈，为了达到这个目的，就是叫他们把生活的基础完全打翻，也在所不惜。思特里克兰德就是这样一个人；只不过他追求的是美，而不是真理。,The mills of God grind slowly,but they grind exceeding small,“上帝的磨盘转动很慢，但是却磨得很细，”,It was strange and fantastic.It was a vision of the beginnings of the world,the Garden of Eden,with Adam and Eve-que sais-je?-it was a hymn to the
30、beauty of the human form,male and female,and the praise of Nature,sublime,indifferent,lovely,and cruel.It gave you an awful sense of the infinity of space and of the endlessness of time.Because he painted the trees I see about me every day,the cocoa-nuts,the banyans,the flamboyants,the alligator-pea
31、rs,I have seen them ever since differently,as though there were in them a spirit and a mystery which I am ever on the point of seizing and which forever escapes me.The colours were the colours familiar to me,and yet they were different.They had a significance which was all their own.And those nude m
32、en and women.They were of the earth,and yet apart from it.They seemed to possess something of the clay of which they were created,and at the same time something divine.You saw man in the nakedness of his primeval instincts,and you were afraid,for you saw yourself.“我说不太清楚。他的画奇异而荒诞，好象是宇宙初创时的图景伊甸园，亚当和夏
33、娃我怎么知道呢？是对人体美男性和女性的形体的一首赞美诗，是对大自然的颂歌；大自然，既崇高又冷漠，既美丽又残忍它使你感到空间的无限和时间的永恒，叫你产生一种畏惧的感觉。他画了许多树，椰子树、榕树、火焰花、鳄梨所有那些我天天看到的；但是这些树经他一画，我再看的时候就完全不同了，我仿佛看到它们都有了灵魂，都各自有一个秘密，仿佛它们的灵魂和秘密眼看就要被我抓到手里，但又总是被它们逃脱掉。那些颜色都是我熟悉的颜色，可是又有所不同；它们都具有自己的独特的重要性。而那些赤身裸体的男男女女，他们既都是尘寰的、是他们揉捏而成的尘土，又都是神灵。人的最原始的天性赤裸裸地呈现在你眼前，你看到的时候不由得感到恐惧，因
34、为你看到的是你自己。”,He knew nothing of pictures,but there was something about these that extraordinarily affected him.From floor to ceiling the walls were covered with a strange and elaborate composition.It was indescribably wonderful and mysterious.It took his breath away.It filled him with an emotion whic
35、h he could not understand or analyse.He felt the awe and the delight which a man might feel who watched the beginning of a world.It was tremendous,sensual,passionate;and yet there was something horrible there,too,something which made him afraid.It was the work of a man who had delved into the hidden
36、 depths of nature and had discovered secrets which were beautiful and fearful too.It was the work of a man who knew things which it is unholy for men to know.There was something primeval there and terrible.It was not human.It brought to his mind vague recollections of black magic.It was beautiful an
37、d obscene污秽可憎的.“Mon Dieu（my god）,this is genius.The words were wrung拧from him,and he did not know he had spoken.他对于绘画并不怎么内行，但是墙上的这些画却使他感到激动。四面墙上，从地板一直到天花板，展开一幅奇特的、精心绘制的巨画，非常奇妙，也非常神秘。库特拉斯医生几乎连呼吸都停止了。他心中出现了一种既无法理解、又不能分析的感情。如果能够这样比较的话，也许一个人看到开天辟地之初就是怀着这种欣喜而又畏服的感觉的。这幅画具有压人的气势，它既是肉欲的，又充满无限热情。与此同时它又含着某种令人恐惧的成分，叫人看着心惊肉跳。绘制这幅巨作的人已经深入到大自然的隐秘中，探索到某种既美丽、又可怕的秘密。这个人知道了一般人所不该知道的事物。他画出来的是某种原始的、令人震骇的东西，是不属于人世尘寰的。库特拉斯医生模模糊糊地联想到黑色魔法，既美得惊人，又污秽邪恶。“上帝啊，这是天才。”这句话脱口而出，只是说出来以后他才意识到自己是在下了一个评语。,THANKS,
