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1、,LOGO第2讲翻样的过程,ContentsQ.)21正确理解2.22妥帖表达323细致校核,2.1正确理解理解是英汉翻译过程中的第一步,是表达的先决条件(1)For over half a century it has proved almostmpossible to achieve any broad measure ofagreement on a definition of democracy.2)The Prime Minister said that if Parliament wentagainst him on the crucial issue of our joining
2、 theCommon Market,he would be forced to go to thecountr3)We can read of things that happened 5,000 yearsago in the Near East,where people first learned to write4)During one four-year period about 600 years ago,the Black Death killed at least 25 million people inEurope,2.1正确理解心应当先从以下几个方面入手:第一,确切理解有关单
3、词的意义第二,确切理解有关习语的意义第三,弄清句子结构,明辨语法关系第四,了解背景知识,透彻理解原文,第一,确切理解有关单词的意义令“词典和手表一样:再差的也比没有好,最好的也不会准确无误Dictionaries are like watches:the worst isbetter than none,and the best cannot beexpected to go quite true,第二,确切理解有关习语的意义习语在此主要指那些惯用语或固定词组(5)The name of the game is controlling thepopulation(6)There had bee
4、n a meeting of the minds(7)Trousers are the order of the day for womenWhen traveling8)He is an odd fish;when we are joking,he fliesoff the handle9)What Paul talks is boastful and nonsensical in afashion(10)None of his arguments seemed to me to holdwater.,第二,确切理解有关习语的意义英语中有些习语表面上看来同汉语中的某些说法十分相似,但意义却程
5、度不同地存在差异。因此,翻译时要高度警惕这类“假朋友”(false friends),切忌望文生义、不求甚解造成误译。例如to bark at the moonto be in ones blackto gild the lilyto hold ones horseto call namesto eat ones wordsto move heaven and earth to pull ones leg(to make)small talka walking skeleton,第三,弄清句子结构,明辨语法关系今要把每句原文译得忠实准确,必须弄清句子的结构,辨明句子内在的语法关系(11)The
6、y parted good friends(12)Alexander smells vodka(13)John finished a poor fourth in the Bostonprimary(14)Standing there,you would make an easyarget(15)He was convinced on the basis of what had bythen appeared that there would be a lot of troubleahead,第三,弄清句子结构,明辨语法关系(16)Imagine the effect on a reasona
7、bly advancedtechnological society,one that still does not possessthe bomb,of making it aware of the possibility,ofsupplying sufficient details to enable the thing to beconstructedwhich he is a part and through this to mankind of(17)Everybody has a responsibility to the society(18)Potatoes are an imp
8、ortant source of starchyfood in temperate countries and bananas in tropics,第三,弄清句子结构,明辨语法关系(19)To this are added the data on expectedroyalties,tax rates,etc,including their probablevariation(20)From the shore-line out to a distance whichmay be anywhere from a few miles to a few hundredmiles run the gentle slopes of the continental shelfgeologically part of the continents,
