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1、一、复习各种时态的被动语态,被动语态的基本结构,:be+done,（以,the book,publish,为例）,一般现在,/,过去时：,The book _.,is/was published,一般,/,过去将来时,:,The book _.,will/would be published,The book _.,is/was going to be published,现在,/,过去进行时：,is/was being published,The book _.,现在,/,过去完成时,:,has/had been published,The book _.,情态动词：,can/could/m
2、ay/mightbe published,The book _.,二、动词不定式的被动语态,1.,动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：,1,）一般式,（,not/never,）,to be done,2,）完成式,（,not/never,）,to have been done,（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）,2.,动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用,1),做主语（常用,it,做形式主语）,To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous.,It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by.,被邀请参加这个亚运会
3、开幕式，是一大荣幸。,It is a great honor to be invited to attend the,opening ceremony of Asian Games,.,2),做表语,The party is to be held next Saturday evening.,明年,这种新药将在,500,个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。,The new drug is to be tested out on the 500,overweight people next year.,3),做宾语,She didnt like to be treated as a child.,He p
4、retended to have been beaten by his step-father.,这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。,The clerk wouldnt like to be laughed at by her,customers,4),做宾语补足语,Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.,这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座,电影院。,The disabled child expected the cinema to be,designed by the chief architect.,5,）做定语,Wh
5、at a victory to be envied by those women!,英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。,The English are proud of the Olympic Games,to be held in London.,6,）做状语,All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as,to be received in time for Christmas.,他匆忙赶到订票处（,booking office,）却被告知,所有的票都卖完了。,He hurried to the booking office only
6、 to be told that,all the tickets had been sold out.,语态,时态,一般式,完成式,进行式,主动语态,to do,被动语态,to be done,to have,done,to be doing,to have,been done,/,/,to have,完成进行式,been doing,I.,根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充,完整。,to be typed,1.He wanted the letter _,(type)at once.,2.It is the first such project,to have been designed,_(d
7、esign)by,Chinese engineers.,3.They knew him,_(arrest)by the,to have been arrested,police.,5.He said he was _(send),to be sent,there to attend an important meeting,next Friday.,6.She didnt want her son _,to be taken,(take)away.,7.Do let your mother know all the truth.,She appears _(tell),to have been
8、 told,everything.,8.She is busy preparing for the exams,_(hold)next month.,to be held,9.He hurried to the station only _,to have been,(tell)that the train had left.,3.,在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。,1),不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成,逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（,或另一名,词,/,代词,）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,He has nothing to eat.,分析：,eat,动,nothing,
9、宾,/he,主,eat,谓,I will give you a book to read.,分析：,_,you,主,_,read,谓,read,动,_,a book,宾,/_,这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。,The elegant lady had something to declare,.,注意：,若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，,不定式则必须用被动式。,比较：,I have a lot of letters to type,.,(,我有很多信件要打印：,I will type the letter),I have a lot of letters to be typed.,(,意思为：
10、,I get sb.to type the letter),1)Ill go to New York.Have you anything,to be taken,_(take)to your wife there?,2)Have you any clothes _(wash),to be washed,sir?”asked the maid,3)I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes,_(wash),to wash,3.,在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。,2),在“主语,+,表语（形容词）,to do”,中，,主语也是,不定式的
11、逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是,动宾关系。,This question is easy to answer.,（分析：,answer(,动,)-this question,（宾）,注意：,如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。,John is difficult to deal with.,deal with,动,)-_(,John,（分析：,_(,宾,),）,如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。,The armchair is comfortable to sit in,这题目很难算出来。,The question is difficult to work out,4.,There be,结构
12、中，用不定式的主动和被,动式来修饰主语，区别不大。,There is a lot of work to do/to be done.,(,多用主动形式,),没有什么可担心的。,There is nothing to worry about,.,高考题汇集,：,1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life,easier_ it more difficult.,A.not make B.not to make,C.not making D.do not make,2.I,ve worked with children before,so I k
13、now,what _ in my new job.,A.expected B.to expect,C.to be expecting D.expects,3.Charles Babbage is generally considered,_the first computer.,A.,to invent B.inventing,C.to have invented C.having invented,4.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was,_ to carry all the way home.,A.,much too heavy B.to
14、o much heavy,C.heavy too much D.too heavy much,5.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle,A.not to B.not to do,in the street,but his mother told him _.,C.not do it D.do not to,6.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre,this evening.,A.,to be taken B.to take,C.being taken D.taking,7.There are five pairs _,b
15、ut I,m at a loss,which to buy.,A.,to be chosen,C.to choose,B.to choose from,D.for choosing,8,.,_late in the afternoon,Bob turned,off the alarm.,A.To sleep,B.Sleeping,C.Sleep,D.Having sleep,9,.,With a lot of difficult problems _,the,newly-elected president is having a hard time.,A.,settled B.settling
16、,C.to settle D.being settled,10,.,She will tell us why she feels so strongly that,each of us has a role_in making the earth a,better place to live.,A,.,to have played B.to play,C.to be played D.to be playing,11,.,In order to gain a bigger share in the,international market,many state run companies,ar
17、e trying _their products more competitive.,A.,to make B.making,C.to have made D.having made,12.,The teacher asked us_so much,noise.,A.dont make B.not make,C.not making D.not to make,?,EXERCISES,1.You had better _ your hair cut.,A.had,B.have,C to get,D to have,2.We _ put the meeting off for a week.,A
18、.can as well,B.will as well,C.shall as well,D.may as well,3.He _ live in the country than in the,city.,A.prefers,B.likes to,C.had better,D.would rather,4.,The boy told his father that he would,rather _ an astronaut.,A.become,B.to become,C.becoming,D.,became,5.,Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always
19、,works hard.,A.learn,B.to learn,C.learned,D.learning,6.,-,I usually go there by train.,-,Why not _ by boat for a change?,A.to try going,B.,trying to go,C.to try and go,D.,try going,7.,He wants to do nothing but _ out.,A.to go,B.go,C.going,D.goes,8.Compared with women.men always prefer _ at,home rath
20、er than _,so much time shopping.,A.to finish,to spend,B.to finish,spend,C.finish,spend,D.,finish,to spend,?,巩固性练习,?,1.She can,t help _ the house because,she,s busy making a cake.,A.to clean B.cleaning,C.to be cleaning D.being cleaned,?,2.While shopping,people sometimes can,t help,_ into buying somet
21、hing they don,t really,need.,A.,to persuade B.to be persuaded,C.persuading D.being persuading,?,3.We agreed _ here,but so far she,hasn,t turned up yet.,A.,having met B.meeting,C.to meet D.to have met,?,4.,-,You were brave enough to raise the,objections at the meeting.,-,Well,now I regret _ that.,A.,
22、to do B.to doing,C.to have done D.having done,?,5.Little Tom should love _ to the,theatre this evening.,A.to be taken B.to take,C.being taken D.taking,6.I,ve got a terrible headache.I tried _,some medicine,but it didn,t help.,A.,to take B.having taken,C.taking D.to have taken,7.,-Would you join us t
23、onight?,-,I _,but I have to prepare for,tomorrow,s test.,A.would love so B.would love to,C.would love it D.would love,8.,I would love _ to the party last night,but I had to finish extra hours to finish a,report.,A.to go B.to have gone,C.going D.having gone,9.He let me repeat his instructions _ sure
24、that I,understood what was _ after he went away.,A.to make,to be done B.making,doing,C.to make,to do D.making,to do,10.,-You should have thanked her before you left.,-I meant _,but when I was leaving,I,couldn,t find her anywhere.,A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing so,11.,In some parts of London,missing a
25、bus means _,for another hour.,A.waiting B.to wait,C.wait D.to be waiting,?,12.,With a lot of difficult problems _,the,newly-,elected president felt very happy.,A.,settled B.steeling,C.to settle D.being settled,?,13.-,Do let your mother know all the truth.,-,She appears _ everything.,A.to tell B.to b
26、e told,C.to be telling D.to have been told,?,14.To fetch water before breakfast seemed,to be a rule _.,A.to never break,B.never to be broken,C.never to have broken,D.never to be breaking,15.In Australia he made a lot of friends,_a very practical knowledge of English.,A.get B.getting C.to get D.got,?
27、,练习：,1.Sarah,hurry up.I,m afraid you,wouldn,t have time to _ before the party.,(NMET2004,全国卷,I),A.get changed B.get change,C.get changing D.get to change,?,2.My advisor encouraged _ a summer,course to improve my writing skills.(NMET 2004,北京,),A.for me taking B.me taking,C.for me to take D.me to take
28、,?,3.I don,t know whether you happen _,but,I,m going to study in the USA this September.,(2004,辽宁,),A.to be heard B.to be hearing,C.to hear D.to have heard,?,5.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to,reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and,throat.(NMET 2004,上海,),A.causing B.being caus
29、ed,C.to be caused D.to have caused,?,6.The news reporters hurried to the airport,only,_ the film stars had left.(NMET 2004,福建,),A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told,7.It seems that he has no pen _.(NMET 2003,北,京,春,),A.to write B.to write with,C.writing D.writing,with,?,8.She will tell us why she
30、feels so strongly that,each of us has a role_ in making the earth a,better place to live.(NMET 2003,上海,春,),A.to have played B.to play,?,9.Mary is always the first student,to answer,the teacher,s questions in class.,A.rising B.to rise C.rose D.risen,?,10.,Would you be so kind,us out?,-With pleasure.,
31、A.helping B.in helping C.help D.as to help,?,11.Wet umbrellas are not allowed,into this,hotel according to the rule.,A.to be taken B.to take C.taken D.taking,12.Robert is said _ abroad,but I didn,t,know what country he studied in.,A.to have studied B.to study,C.to be studying D.to have been studying
32、,?,13.At the shopping-centre,he didn,t know what,_ and _ with an empty bag.,A.to buy;leave B.to be bought;left,C.to buy;left D.was to buy;leave,?,14.She made a candle _us light.,A.give B.gave C.to give D.given,?,15.,Where should I send my form?,The,Personnel Office is the place,_.,A.for sending it B
33、.to send it to,C.to send D.to,send it,?,16.It,s necessary _ some English grammar.,A.for us students to learn,B.for we students to,learn,?,17._ kind to the enemy is _ cruel to the,people.,A.Be;be B.To be;to be,C.To be;being D.Being;to be,?,18.No matter how busy he is,he _ at least,15 minutes a day.,A
34、.makes a rule read B.makes a rule reading,C.makes it a rule read D.makes it a rule to read,19.,If Mary doesn,t come to work on time,she,may be fired.,Surely she is not so foolish _ it.,A.as not to realize,B.not as to realize,C.that she didn,t realize,D.as not realizing,?,20.I ought to _ him the news
35、,but I forgot to,do so.,A.remember to tell,B.remember,?,21.I _ you the exciting news,but you were,not at home.,A.meant telling,B.meant to tell,C.meant to having told,D.meant to telling,?,22.Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose,his job.,A.so not as to B.so as not to,C.so as to not D.not so as to,
36、?,23.My friend,David,was not used _ by air,so he felt unwell.,A.to travel B.to traveling C.travelin D.travel,?,24.When I went out it happened _.,A.to rain B.rain,C.to be raining D.raining,?,25.I felt it an honour _ to speak here.,A.asking B.having asked C.to ask D.to be asked,Exercise,1.Having a tri
37、p abroad is,certainly good for the old couple,but it remains_ whether they,will enjoy it.,A.to see B.to be seen,B,C.seeing D.seen,2.I hurried to the meeting hall,only_ that the meeting had,been put off.,A.to tell B.to be told,B,C.telling D.told,3.Do let your mother know all the,truth,she appears_ ev
38、erything.,A.to tell,B.to be told,C.to be telling,D.to have been told,D,4.Little Tom should love_ to,the theater this evening.,A.to be taken B.to take,A,C.being taken D.taking,5.It is said that plastics can be used,to_ many things.Now people,are used to_ plastics products.,A.make;using,A,B.making;usi
39、ng,C.making;use,D.make;use,6.With a lot of problems_,the,newly-elected president is having a,hard time.,A.settled B.settling,C.to settle D.being settled,C,7.He_ and was made to repeat it.,A.didnt understand,B.didnt be understood,C.wasnt understand,D.wasnt understood,D,8.The pupils here_ all kinds of
40、,exercises every day in the past four,weeks.,A.kept busy doing,B.keep on doing,C.have kept busy doing,D.have been kept busy doing,D,9.Visitors_ not to touch the,exhibits.,A.will request,B.request,C.are requesting,D.are requested,D,10.In some parts of the world,tea,_ with milk and sugar.,A.is serving
41、,B.is served,B,C.serves,D.served,练习,1.It will take several weeks for your computer,be repaired,to _(repair).,to have been caught,2.I knew him _(catch)by,the police.,3.A vote is required _(take),to be taken,in our company at once.,4.When some money went missing from,the bank,Thomas was believed,_(ste
42、al)it.,to have stolen,to be admitted,7.I hope _(admit)to Zhongshan,University.,have been translated,8.The book is said to _,(translate)into several languages.,to be welcomed,9.I feel greatly honored _,(welcome)into their society.,10.Come on!It is an easy sentence,to translate,_(translate).,11.When I
43、 came in,he pretended to,be reading,_.(read),13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter,_(not drive)after drinking.,not to drive,14.I dont know whether you happen,to have heard,_(hear),but Im going to study,in the U.S.A this September.,to have been punished,15.He seems _,（,punish),by his teacher yesterday.,16
44、.The school ordered all the classroom,to be cleaned,_(clean).,17.My grandmother seems to have a lot,to worry,_(worry)about.,18.I am going to the post office.,Do you have any letter _(post)?,to be posted,19.You are lucky enough _,not to have been caught,(not catch)in the rain.,二、翻译练习,1.,据说这会议已经被取消了,.
45、,2.,这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。,3.,残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。,4.,没有可以可以浪费的时间了。,5.,能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸,.,6.,她假装没有听懂我说的话,.,7.,我希望被中山大学录取。,8.,抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。,1.,据说这会议已经被取消了,The meeting is said to have been cancelled.,2.,这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。,The student seems to have lost interest in politics.,3.,残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。,The disabled dont lik
46、e to be laughed at.,4.,没有可以可以浪费的时间了。,There is no time to waste/be wasted,5.,能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸,It is a great honor to be invited to the English Club.,6.,她假装没有听懂我说的话。,She pretended not to understand what I,had said.,7.,我希望被中山大学录取。,I hope/expect to be admitted into Zhangshan,University,8.,抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号
47、码了。,I am sorry to have forgotten your telephone,number.,Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 14:,1.,2.,3.,4.,5.,6.,7.,8.,to be designed,to be rebuilt,to be accompanied,to be known as,to be filled with,to be tested out,to be envied,to be set aside,Answer key for Exercise 3 on page 15:,were listed,be div
48、ided,be organized,to be accompanied,were connected,be surrounded,was attached,Using structures,Answer key for exercise 1 on page 56:,1.,I did not expect,to be interviewed by the,general manager.,2.,The magazines,are not allowed to be taken,out of the reading room(by anybody).,3.,She hates,to be laug
49、hed at by her classmates.,4.,He doesnt want,his writing to be,interrupted(by the guests).,/He doesnt,want,to be interrupted while writing.,5.,These rules,must be obeyed by everybody,as they are for the good of the whole school.,6.,These are the issues,to be discussed,tomorrow.,7.,It is wrong for him
50、,to be made to work all,night.,Answer key for exercise 2 on page 56:,1.,2.,3.,4.,The dishes need,to be washed,.,The mail needs,to be sent right away,.,The singer refused,to be photographed,.,The house is,to be sold,.,Answer key for exercise 3 on page 56:,那本关于圣经的书需要在这周末之前还给图书馆。,That book on the Holy
