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1、Module 8 Sports life【重点讲解】1. memorymemory作名词，意为“记忆力；回忆”。例如：He has a poor memory after the car accident. 出车祸后，他的记忆力很差了。【拓展】memory的动词形式是memorize，意为“记住，背过”。例如：He can memorize the new words very quickly. 他能很快记住很多新的单词。2. suffer（1）suffer作不及物动词，意为“受痛苦；受损害；变差”。例如：We all have to suffer at some time. 我们某一时段都不
2、免有受苦的时候。She suffered greatly as a child. 她童年深受苦难。（2）suffer作及物动词，意为“容忍；容许；遭受”。例如：He suffered defeat. 他遭受了失败。These plants cannot suffer a cold winter. 这些植物耐不住寒冬。（3）suffer from表示“患病；受折磨”。例如:You must have suffered from a cold. 你一定是感冒了。He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger. 他备受饥寒交迫之苦。3. set upset
3、 up意为“成立，建立；创立，开办；设立，设置”，相当于start，establish，put up，found等。例如：We set up a company.我们建立了一个公司。【拓展】set up, put与build区别（1）set up意为“开办，建立”，强调机构及相应设施的建立，着重“开始”或“首次”的含义，不强调施工建筑。例如： We set up a study group.我们创立了一个学习小组。（2）put up意为“搭建，搭起”，着重指建造或搭起一个具有一定高度的具体的物体。在口语中set up与build也有此意。例如： Its going to rain. Lets
4、put up the tent. 天要下雨了，我们把帐篷搭起来吧。（3） build意为“建设，建立，建造”，是使用广泛的非延续性动词，侧重于施工建筑，常指建造房屋、桥梁、道路、高楼等大型建筑物。例如： The workers are building railways.工人们在修建铁路。4. successsuccess 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如：Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。【
5、拓展】（1）succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物动词；表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接in doing sth。例如：At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。（2）successful作形容词，意为“成功的”。例如：The performance was successful. 演出很成功。It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。5. beatbeat是及物动词，有以下用法： (1) 意为“赢；打败；战胜”，后接人或某一团队、组织等，其过去式为beat。例如：I
6、beat him at long jump yesterday. 昨天跳远我赢了他。 (2) 意为“打；击”，表示连续不断的打击。例如： Who is beating the drum? 谁在打鼓？ (3) 表示“（心脏）等跳动”。例如： I feel my heart is beating fast. 我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。【拓展】 beat和win都有“赢”的意思，但用法不同： beat的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织；而win的宾语为比赛或某个项目，过去式为won。例如： Though we were weak, we beat them. 虽然我们弱，但我们赢了他们。Who win
7、s the first prize in the competition? 谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖？6. break（1）作及物动词，意为“ 打破；打碎；使折断”。例如：Take care not to break the cup. 小心别把茶杯打碎了。 （2）作不及物动词,意为“折断；破碎”。例如： The rope broke and he fell to the ground. 绳子断了，他摔到了地上。 （3）break作名词（通常为可数名词），意为“间歇；休息时间”（尤指工作期间）。例如： Shes worked for 27 hours without a break. 她已经不间断
8、地工作了二十七个小时。 （4）break作名词，意为“机会；运气”（多用于口语中）。 例如：Give him a break and hell succeed. 给他一个机会，他会成功的。7. return（1）return意为“返回，回来（回到出发地）”,可以作动词或名词。例如：Ryle explained the reason for his sudden return to London.赖尔解释了他突然返回伦敦的原因。What time does your mother return from work? 你妈妈什么时候下班回家？（2）return 还意为“归还，退还”。return
9、sth to sb = return sb sth 把某物还给某人例如：Dont forget to return my keys. 别忘了还我钥匙。 Please remind me to return the books to the library.请提醒我把这些书还给图书馆。8. against against是介词，其用法如下： (1) 反对，违反。对应的反义词为for，常用于be against sb. / sth.反对某人/某事 例如： Are most people against having a part-time job? 大多数人反对做兼职工作吗？ (2) 和交战（指竞
10、争、比赛等）。例如： Well have a basketball match against the team from No. 2 Middle School next week. 下星期我们将与二中的球队举行一场篮球赛。 (3) 碰、装、擦。例如： Rain beats against the window. 雨打在窗户上。 (4) 倚着、靠着。例如： There was a ladder propped up(支撑) against the wall.一把梯子靠着墙。 (5) 防备，抗。例如： She saved money against old age. 她攒钱防老。 (6) 逆着
11、。例如： We are sailing against the wind. 我们（的船）正逆风航行。 (7) 衬托，相映，对照。例如： Red flags stand out brightly against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。9. chance chance是名词，意为“机会”。例如：Is there any chance of the team winning this week? 这个队本星期有无获胜的机会？Its the chance of a lifetime. You shouldnt miss it. 这是一生中难得的机会，你不应该错过。
12、【拓展】(1) chance作名词，还有“偶然性，可能性”的意思。例如：I met him by chance. 我偶然遇到了他。(2) chance与opportunity的辨析：1) 当表示有机会做某事时，这两个词的用法相同，后面可接to do或of doing。例如：I had the chance/opportunity of visiting Beijing. 我曾有机会参观北京。I had no chance/opportunity to see him. 我没有机会见到他。2) chance后可接从句，而opportunity则不能。例如：There is a chance th
13、at he will succeed. 他有可能获得成功。【句式精讲】1. Tony, you look tired! look作连系动词，表示“看起来”，后面要跟形容词作表语。例如：Her mother looks very young. 她妈妈看起来很年轻。常见的连系动词有：be动词（am，is, are）; 和感官有关的词（look 看起来， feel 摸起来，taste 吃起来，smell 闻起来,sound 听起来）；表示改变，变化含义的词（get，become，turn，go, come）；以及其他常用词seem等。例如： The story sounds interesting.
14、 这个故事听起来很有趣. The flowers smell nice. 这些花闻起来很香。His face turns red. Do you know why? 他的脸变红了。你知道为什么吗？The food went bad. 食物坏了。2. I do hope they win the game.hope意为“希望”，用于表示有可能实现的愿望，其后可接不定式，即：hope to do sth. 意为“希望(自己)做某事”；若表达“希望别人做某事”时则需用hope + that从句，表示很有可能实现的主观愿望，不能用hope sb. to do sth.的结构。即： so hope +t
15、o do sth. that从句 for sth.例如：I hope you can pass the exam. 我希望你能通过考试。I hope to go to Tibet some day in the future. 我希望将来有一天去西藏。3. First，he was invited to competitions around the world. 这里的was invited是构成被动语态，表示“被邀请”。例如： The desk is cleaned every day. 桌子每天有人擦。 The work can be finished in two days. 这件工作
16、可以在两天后完成。【拓展】被动语态的结构是：be及物动词的过去分词。be有人称、时态和单复数形式的变化。各种时态的被动语态列表：时态被动语态的结构一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe过去分词现在进行时am/is/arebeing过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen过去分词过去进行时was/werebeing过去分词过去将来时would/shouldbe过去分词过去完成时hadbeen过去分词4.and we continue to take pride in him.pride是名词，意为“骄傲，自豪”。 常用的结构：
17、take pride in sth. 意为“为某事骄傲”。例如: They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist. 他们为成为科学家的女儿而感到自豪。 He is the pride of our city. 他是我们城市的骄傲。【拓展】 proud 是形容词，常用结构：be proud of sth. 意为“以而骄傲”。例如:I am very proud of being a Chinese. 作为一名中国人我很自豪 be proud to do sth 意为“为做某事而骄傲”。We are proud
18、 to be a league member. 我们为成为团员而骄傲。5. Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump.encourage用作及物动词，意为“鼓励；鼓舞；促进；助长”等，常用于以下结构：encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。例如：The teacher often encourages us to study hard. 老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。My mother encouraged me to enter the contest. 妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。【拓展】 (1)
19、 encourage sb. in sth. 意为“在方面鼓励/助长某人”。例如： Dont encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。 (2) encouragement是encourage的名词形式，意为“鼓舞/鼓励”。例如：The teachers words were a great encouragement to him. 老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。语法被动语态（二）1.一般过去时态的被动语态的构成(1)肯定形式: was/were+动词的过去分词。主语是动作的承受者,且动作发生在过去。Tea was discovered a long time a
20、go. 茶叶是在很久以前被发现的。(2)否定形式: 在was/were之后直接加not构成。was not可写成wasnt,were not可缩写成werent。That thing wasnt used for keeping warm. 那个东西不是用来保暖的。(3)其一般疑问句是把was/were提到主语前。Was the bag brought here by Jim yesterday? 昨天吉姆把包拿到这儿来的吗?2.被动语态的注意事项(1)“主语+系动词+表语”的句子结构没有被动语态。(2)There be句型没有被动语态。(3)主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态。(4)不及物
21、动词没有被动语态。(5)有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词词组,如果变被动语态,注意不能把动词后的介词丢掉。 He looks after his sister.His sister is looked after by him.(6)主动语态中,在make,let,hear,see,watch,notice等词后跟省略to的动词不定式,但在被动语态中,to不可省略。 We often hear her play the violin.She is often heard to play the violin.语法单项( C )1.Simon,do you know who invented t
22、he kite?Sure! It by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.(2018南京)A.is inventedB.inventedC.was inventedD.will be invented( A )2.To my surprise,I from hundreds of students to speak to teachers,parents and fellow students.A.was chosenB.would chooseC.chose D.were chosen( B )3.Look,what an old bridge! It looks so s
23、pecial!Yeah,it nearly 500 years ago.(2018乐山)A.was buildingB.was builtC.has builtC.has been built( B )4.It is believed that teato Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries.A.broughtB.was broughtC.is broughtD.has brought( C )5.Its reported that Ke Jie by AlphaGo in May 2017.A.beatB.beats
24、C.was beatenD.will be beaten综合能力演练一、单项选择。( )1. Many college students _ join the army in 2009. A. is encouraged to B. encouraged toC. are encouraged toD. were encouraged to( )2. Do you think Frank will be chosen to _ his class at the school sports meeting? Yes, I think so. A. stand B. influence C. re
25、ply D. represent( )3. Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting? No decision yet. I think it _ after discussing with my PE teacher，Mr Yuan. A. will be decided B. will decide C. was decided D. is decided( )4. When and where was the 30th Olympic Games held? It _ in London，_ July 27, 2012. A.
26、 was hold；in B. was held；onC. were held；in D. be held；on( )5. Did Zhang Yinings training programme _ a lot of her time?A. take up B. set up C. grow up D. look up( )6. The programme was _ to help homeless children. A. laughed at B. set up C. put up D. found out( )7. Why do you look so tired? _ I am w
27、riting a report for the newspaper. A. When B. Because C. Until D. Although( )8. Did they _ the final game? Sorry, I have no idea. A. beat B. defeat C. win D. look( )9. What do you think of the match? It was _ exciting that we were all excited about it. A. so B. very C. too D. quite( )10. look! The t
28、ree is growing well. When _? Three years ago. A. was it planted B. did it plant C. will it be planted D. is it planted( )11. You are playing basketball really well, Jack. _. A. I agree B. So do I C. Really? Thank you D. You are welcome( )12 . _ was the score of the basketball match?78 : 80.A. How B.
29、 How many C. How much D. What( )13. We should stop people from _ down many trees.A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. cuts( )14. The village is _ the three mountains.A. between B.in C. under D. among( )15. Liu Xiang didnt give up _ though he suffered a lot from his problem.A. train B. training C. to train
30、 D. trains( )16. Would you like to visit the zoo with me now? Sorry. Its _ the visiting hours. Lets go there tomorrow.A. on B. over C. during D. beyond( )17. What is _ brother? He is a policeman. A. Jims and Pauls B. Jim and Paul C. Jim and Pauls( )18. Whose home is _ from school, Alices or Daisys?
31、Alices, I think.A. farB. fartherC. farthestD. the farthestKeys:DDABA BBCAA CDCDB DCB二、完形填空。David Beckham was born in 1975 in London. When he was a young boy，his 1 talent was in football. He played it whenever he had the chance. Sometimes he would go and watch a game with his friends. When David Beck
32、ham was 12 years old，he 2 the Bobby Charlton Soccer Skills award. It was an important step 3 this young boy，and it helped him 4 for a visit to a football training camp in Spain. As a boy he 5 schools of Essex and also for his country team. He could make the ball 6 from left to right，or right to left
33、. But March 14，2010 was the 7 day for David Beckham. The famous English football 8 badly hurt his left heel(脚跟) in a game. He shouted in tears：“Its broken(骨折了)，its broken!”Beckham wanted to play for the England national football team in the 2010 World Cup. But the injury(伤势) broke his hope. The Worl
34、d Cup would start in three months. Doctors 9 that Beckham wouldnt get well that fast. But Beckham still went to South Africa. He went 10 an ambassador(大使) for Englands 2018 World Cup bid(申办活动). ( )1. A. best B. greatest C. worst D. important( )2. A. won B. win C. brought D. beat( )3. A. as B. to C.
35、with D. for( )4. A. going B. went C. did D. to go( )5. A. played for B. played on C. played with D. played in( )6. A. to go B. go C. going D. went( )7. A. lucky B. good C. nice D. worst( )8. A. teacher B. doctor C. player D. worker( )9. A. spoke B. told C. talked D. said( )10. A. as B. for C. like D
36、. withKeys:BADDABDCDA三、阅读理解。AHenry works in a factory. He comes from a poor family and was in school for only four years. He has to do the hard work, but he is paid less. He likes to watch football matches very much and spends much time on them. One afternoon there was a big football match on the pl
37、ayground. He borrowed some money from his friend and hurried there. There were a lot of people there. And all the tickets were sold out. He was sorry for it. He saw a pole(杆子) outside the playground and climbed it quickly. A policeman came and said，“It is dangerous to stay on it! Come down!” “Wait a
38、 minute，please!”Henry said and just at that moment the policeman heard cheers on the playground and asked in a hurry，“Which team has kicked a goal(进球)?”“Ours!”“Wonderful! You can stay there. But take care!” The policeman said happily and left. When the match would be soon over, he came back again an
39、d asked，“Who has won?”“Theirs，3：2. ”“Come down，”the policeman said angrily. “Such a match is not worth watching!” Henry had to come down. But soon they heard cheers again. The policeman said in a hurry，“Climb up quickly and see who has kicked a goal. ”( )1. From the passage we know that _. A. Henry
40、doesnt like his workB. Henry comes from a rich familyC. Henry doesnt like the policemanD. Henry is paid less( )2. Henry failed to get a ticket for the match that day because _. A. he had no money to buy a ticketB. he didnt want to buy a ticketC. he had no time to buy a ticketD. all the tickets were
41、sold out( )3. The policeman asked Henry to come down the pole at first because _. A. it was dangerous B. Henry had no ticketC. their team kicked a goalD. the other team kicked a goal( )4. From the third paragraph(段落)，we can guess that _.A. the policeman wanted to teach Henry a lessonB. the policeman
42、 tried to please HenryC. the policeman didnt like HenryD. the policeman was also a football fan( )5. The policeman asked Henry to climb up the pole_.A. to cheer for their teamB. to see the result of the matchC. to cheer for the other teamD. to say goodbye to their teamKeys:DDADB四、词汇应用。用所给单词的适当形式填空。(
43、12分)On a _1_ (snow) evening, a rich lady was standing by the road. She was very _2_ (worry). Her car had broken down. Just then a poor man named Robert came. He was on his way back home from work as usual.The lady wondered, Is the man going to help me? He looks very cold and hungry. But to her _3_ (surprising), he stopped and said with a smile, Whats wrong, madam? The lady told him what _4_ (happen).After forty minutes, the car _5_ (fix) by Robert. The lady wanted to pay him.No, thats nothing, madam. he said, I was just helping someone in need. If you
