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1、英文常见口语句型,英文常见句型按照主谓（宾）、主系表等基本句型为基准，各种属词各就其位，以时态和语态为支点，由单句向复合句展开。,时态,证人声称看到有个男的在屋外。The witness claimed to have seen a man outside the house.提着购物袋的那个女还在扶手电梯的下面，看上去坐了一整天。The shopping bag lady is still at the foot of the escalator,and seems to have been sitting there all day.我得知她把头发给剪了。I was informed th
2、at she had had her hair cut.十年了，我还没有这么畅快地喝过。It was at least ten years since I had enjoyed a good drink.要是你看到她，请代我致歉，我没给她写信。If you see her,please give my apologies for not having written to him 参加训练课前没有什么英语基础。He had not had any English before he took the training course.到月底能修好吗？The repair will certai
3、nly have been finished by the end of the month?,时态比较,出生后孩子就开始学着说话。A child has begun to learn to speak ever since he was born.A child began to learn to speak immediately after he was born.和我们一起吃中饭，怎么样？Will you join us for lunch?三年前我参加了一家杂技俱乐部。I joined an aerobics club three years ago.I have been a me
4、mber of an aerobics club for three years.到年底那个人将积累一笔巨额财富。In this way the man will amass a large fortune at the end of the year.In this way the man will have amassed a large fortune by the end of the year.当着老师同学的面说这种话你会感到羞耻的。You will feel ashamed to say such a word in the presence of your teachers an
5、d classmates.（还没说）And afterwards you will feel ashamed to have said such a word in the presence of your teachers and classmates.（已说）,数,地球表面的四分之三是海洋。Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.小车的数量与日俱增。The number of cars is increasing.A number of cars are increasing.Baker先生是我们的常客。他喜欢给裤子上浆。Mr.Ba
6、ker is the only one of our regular customers who likes his trousers starched.Baker先生是我们的常客。他喜欢给裤子上浆。Mr.Baker is one of our regular customers who like their trousers starched.早餐是面包牛奶。Bread and milk is my breakfast.好多学生家庭很有钱。Many a student is from rich families.除了有一个没来，其他的都在这儿。All but one are here jus
7、t now.,语态（被动）,本大厦闲人莫入。No permission has been given for anybody to enter the building.这本书在邮局检查过了。The book got checked at the post-office.孩子们在保育院受到了很好的照顾，家长无须担心。Parents do not need to worry about their children because the children are being/are well taken care of in the nurseries.有人瞧见他进了裁缝店。He was se
8、en to enter a tailors shop.,代词,男孩有男孩的特点，女孩有女孩的特点Boys have their traits,girls theirs.他们这两支队伍都很棒，都有机会赢。They are two good teams,and both have a good chance of wining.每个人都喜欢用电脑写信，因为电脑能为大家自动做好多事。Everybody likes to use the computer to type a letter because the computer will automatically do many things fo
9、r them.我们通常先清理教师的椅子，再我们自己的，然后离开教室。Before leaving the classroom,we usually clean the teachers desk first and ours later.这些习惯本身是无害的，但可能引发其他恶习。These habits,which are harmless in themselves,are likely to lead to others that are decidedly harmful.这次考试又没有通过，很明显他没有用功学习。Again he failed in the test,which pro
10、ved he had not worked hard enough.尽管这些建议是对的，但我一个也不赞成。Although these opinions are correct,I will agree with none of them.Although both opinions are correct,I will agree with neither of them.有些人参加剧烈的练习，而另一些人参加温和的锻炼。Some people take part in strenuous exercises while other people go in for the moderate
11、ones.我会公平地判断这三个不同的观点，不会偏向任何一个。I would be fair in judging the three opposing views,without favoring one and playing down another.我会公平地判断这二个不同的观点，不会偏向任何一个。I would be fair in judging the two opposing views,without favoring one and playing down the other.,关系代词,我会找到那棵频频回应的树,婆裟起舞翩然可见。I am to find the will
12、ing tree that dances to be seen.考虑了好久,才尽我可能想出这个最为简练的回答。A certain amount of meditation has brought me to this as thepithiest reply which I myself can give.有求必应。Give all that is asked.这是言论自由最好的说法。This is the best that can be said for liberty of opinion.我只是过来谢谢你，并把你借给我的书还你。I only came to thank you and
13、return the book(that)you lent me.我们应该遵守社会规章制度，不过妨碍人类进步的那些应废除。We should observe social rules,but those rules which hinder human progress should be done away with.我希望有更多的图画书，孩子们能兴趣盎然地阅读。I hope there will be more illustrated books that our children find it interesting to read.我永远不会忘记去年夏天一起度过的日子。Ill nev
14、er forget the day which we spent together last summer.街道漆黑，没有人可求助。,关系代词,In the dark street,there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.我们刚装了中央空调，明年冬天房子就大不同。Weve just installed central heating,which should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter.我买了一打鸡蛋，在门口时我没拿好盒子打碎了六个。I
15、 bought a dozen eggs,six of which broke when I dropped the box at my door.没有护照就可以旅行的日子一去不返。The days in which you could travel without a passport are a thing of the past.We are supposed to be serious where there are many people involved.在地球薄弱的地方可发现它们。They are found where the earths crust is weak.你说的人
16、人平等是他们不同意的地方。Youre saying that everyone should be equal,and this is where they disagree.谁最后离开，谁关灯。Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.只要都能敲钟报时，都算作钟。Whatever can be properly called a clock always strikes the hours on a bell.,主语从句,学还是不学全由你定夺。Whether you learn or not is entirely u
17、p to you.要开始这份工作，我需要你的允许。What I need is your permission to get the job started.青出于蓝而胜于蓝很普遍。That those who learn from their teachers surpass them is not uncommon.(核心成分：That is not uncommon.)它有能力做这件事的原因明白无误。Why it has been able to do this is obvious.,表语从句,不要让事情恶化就是我们要做的。This is what/all that we should
18、 do to stop things from getting worse and worse.这是麻烦的出处。That is where the trouble begins.理由是大多数家长只是些坏人。The rationale is that most of parents are simply bad people.,情态动词,街道湿漉，肯定下了一整晚的雨。The streets are all wet.It must have rained during the night.(must have done=must的过去时)我不愿跟你走。I would rather not go w
19、ith you.你最好呆在原地。Youd better remain where you are.,使役动词,我会让他为其所做付出代价。Ill have him pay for what he had done.我们不能允许人们老是迟到。We cant have people arriving late all the time.你永远也不会让他明白。Youll never get him to understand.你能让那辆老爷车跑起来吗？Can you get that old car going again?我的生活一团糟。Ive got my life backward.,动词,那件
20、衣服花了60美圆。That suit cost over 60 dollars.（时态：一般过去时）他干的不错，不过没能打破记录。He did very well,but he failed to break the record.这么黑的房间，不要让孩子做家庭作业时一坐就好几个小时。Dont have your children sitting for hours doing their homework in so dark a room.现在没必要还书。要是愿意，下周再来还。You neednt return the book now.You can keep it till next
21、week if you like.我请他跟我喝一杯，他说忙得很没空。When I asked him to have a drink with me,he said he was in a hurry without a minute to spare.几乎整个下午老师一直在批改学生的家庭作业The teacher spent almost the whole afternoon going over the students homework.她吃不消那儿的恶劣天气。She couldnt stand the horrible weather there.敌军在战斗中伤亡惨重。The ene
22、my troops suffered heavy losses in the battle.他患上了性病。He contracted gonorrhea.,非谓语动词 动名词,她不记得见过你。She didnt remember having met you.我永远不会忘了第一次看到你的情形。Ill never forget meeting you for the first time.我不后悔告诉她我心里所想的。I dont regret telling her what I thought.今天我们必须把房间漆完吗？Must we finish painting the room toda
23、y?我真的很想有时间休息以下。I really appreciated having time to relax.房子得打扫了。The house needs/wants cleaning.（表示被动）有些年轻人喜欢听流行音乐。Some of the young men enjoy listening popular music.越来越多的年轻人喜欢踢足球。足球是一项激烈的运动。More and more young people like playing football,which is an exciting game.不好意思，声音放轻点。Would you mind making a
24、 little less noise?其他类似动词+doingadvocate appreciate avoid deny fancy imagine justify miss postpone practice prevent quit resist risk suggest warrant,现在分词,天冷，他只好呆在室内。The day being cold,he had to be in.把孩子们送上床后，她开始批改学生的试卷。Having sent the children to bed,she began to correct the students papers.历史小说不仅反映
25、历史，而且影响未来的事件。A historical novel may do more than mirror history,even influencing future events.我闻到有东西在烧。I smell something burning.我看到一男孩在踢足球。I see a boy playing football.这些发明将对后一代产生深远的影响。Theses inventions will have far-reaching effects on the following generations.所有的学生都穿上校服，学校看上去很齐整。With all the st
26、udents wearing uniforms,the school will look more disciplined.我盯着房间里的火炉.I found myself staring at my fire in the lodging,过去分词,华灯盛开，从塔顶看，此时的城市看起来最美。Seen from the TV tower at night,the city looks even more magnificent with all its lights on.士兵们突然发现自己身陷敌军包围。Soldier suddenly found themselves surrounded
27、by enemy forces.Henry如释重负。Henry felt a great weight taken off his mind.商品的钱已付过了，你可以把他们带出商店。The goods paid for with your money,you can take them out of the shop.再三考虑，我还是喜欢到外面的排挡就餐。Everything considered,I prefer to eat outside in restaurants of food-stands.You introduce yourself unseen into the room.你
28、自己神不知鬼不觉地溜进房间.考虑到他们没有经验，他们工作做的不错。Given their inexperience,they have done a good job.Given that they are inexperience,they have done a good job.（Given是介词）决心已下，接下去要做的就是怎样做个好计划。The decision having been made,the next thing to do is how to make a good plan.,不定式,我经过时她装着没看见。She pretended not to see me when
29、 I passed by.一毕业，他要求被派到最需要他的地方去。Upon graduation he asked to be sent to where he is most needed.还是当地公司为好。A local firm is to be preferred.她完全有理由生气.She did well to be angry.,不带to的不定式,我看见夕阳西沉,坠入山后,带着更为熟悉的晕圈.I watch the sun descend in its more familiar rim behind the hill.国际投资的繁荣对我们有莫大的利益.We have a major
30、 interest in seeing the international investment flourish.他通常到此为止，He generally lets it go at that.,动宾结构,我从不怀疑他有能力做好这份工。I never doubt that he can do a good job of it.他们开了会以决定如何应付危机。They held a conference to decide how to meet the emergency.他们想知道他们能做点什么帮助我们。They want to know what they can do to help u
31、s.,形容词,我喜欢不加糖的咖啡。I prefer my coffee black.今天的家庭作业是写一篇关于家乡的作文，字数600个。The homework for today is to write a six-hundred-word composition about your hometown.女老师像妈妈一样对待她们的学生，而男老师则像父亲。Female teachers are motherly to their students motherly while male teachers are fatherly to their students.我走神了。I got los
32、t.,主语补足语,她躺在雪地里被雪埋了一整夜。For a whole night she lay buried in the snow.船返航时毫发未损。The ship sailed back safe.两只羊在街上乱跑。A pair of goats ran wild on the streets.自行其事不受约束。He goes on his way unchecked.父母亲应该为孩子们的行为负责。Parents should be held accountable for their childrens behavior.,后置定语,这样的冒失轻则引起轻微的不便，重则引起隐私的暴露。
33、Such a break-in could result in anything from a minor inconvenience to a loss of privacy.现在来不及赶火车。We havent time enough to catch the train now.发现自己建议被否，他很失望。He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.（过去分词当后置定语）All that can ever be is doomed to perish.所有存在的东西都注定灭亡。All the little money t
34、hat came to my hands was ever laid out in books.所有到我手上的小钱都花在书上了。,副词,我认为在所有当代诗人中他最富有想象力In my opinion,hes by far the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets.他说自己有麻烦，几乎没人相信他。Hardly anybody believes him when he says that he is in trouble.每天坚持早锻炼，我们的身体会越来越强壮。We may get physically stronger if we pe
35、rsist in doing exercises every morning.他不想冒险，不管这险多么小。He wanted to take no risks,however small.感觉不舒服，不过他还得上班集中精神。He was feeling bad.He went to work,however,and tried to concentrate.有些人工作很努力，但因各种原因就是得不到提拔。Some people work very hard.However,they never get a promotion for various reasons.没作好充分的准备，他不会有赢的
36、机会。Seldom(scarcely/hardly)does he have a chance to win when he has not made adequate preparations.,as的用法,在昨天见我的老地方碰头。Meet me at the same place as you did yesterday.至于我，我也不会归会它们。As for me,I shall not return them either.日子一天天地流逝，天气愈发恶劣。As the day went on,the weather got worse.就天气而言，天越热我越喜欢。As far as w
37、eather goes,the hotter it gets the better I like it.晚上有暴风雨，没人去看电影。As it was a stormy night,few people went to see the film.他的好几篇小说都提到作者在一小村庄长大。The author was brought up in a small village,as is described in some of his short stories.全世间都知道Mark Twain是位伟大的美国作家。As is known to the world,Mark Twain is a
38、great American writer.正如我们所料，观众人数足足500有余。The size of the audience,as we had expected,was well over five hundred.,原级,今年的产量是十年前的5倍。This years production is five times what it was ten years ago.今年注册的学生要比上一年多两倍。Twice as many students have been enrolled as in the previous year.知道一些语法规则的重要性远不如做更多的练习。It is
39、 not half so important to know some grammatical rules as it is to have more practice.Mr.Smith变了很多，许多朋友说他不再是过去的他了。Mr.Smith has changed a lot,and many of his friends say that he is not the same man as he used to be.彩电比黑白的贵三倍。A color TV is three times as expensive as a black and white.这匹马益发老迈，跑得没有过去快了。
40、The horse is getting old and cannot run as fast as it did.,比较级,妈妈经常加班，对身体不利。Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.我认为你的姐姐已经够大了，应知道不要把钱化在一些希奇古怪的东西上。I think your sister is old enough to know better than to spend all her money on fancy goods.这个标志意思是禁止前行。The sign means nothing other than
41、a halt to the advance.这位驾驶员躲开一劫不是因为判断而是因为运气。It was due to luck rather than judgment that the driver succeeded in avoiding an accident.练得越多，讲得越流利。The more you practice,the more fluently you will speak.急中生智。In time of danger man is often much wiser than usual.他度过了最令人担心的一天。He had never spent a more wor
42、rying day.通常月初还有钱，到了月底他们就没钱了。They usually have less money at the end of the month than they have at the beginning.,最高级,黄河是中国第二大河。The yellow river is the second longest river in china.一伙人中Mary跑得最快。Mary runs the fastest among them.学生当中他最高。Of students,he is the tallest.,介词,劳驾，关一下门？Could you do me a fav
43、or by shutting the door?他的职业是铜匠。He is a coppersmith by trade.成千上万的伦敦人通过大笨钟对表。Thousands of Londoners set their watches by Big Ben.迷路的营员们为了不让火灭只好轮流睡觉。The lost campers slept by turns to keep a fire going.北京在中国北方，日本在中国的东面而印度在南边与中国接壤。BJ is in the north of China，Japan to the east of China，and India on the
44、 south of China.星期天早上他突然回来了。He suddenly returned on a Sunday morning.椅子看上去很硬，不过事实上坐上去很舒服。,介词,椅子看上去很硬，不过事实上坐上去很舒服。The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on.两位小女孩的死因很快会得到调查。The deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired into.妈妈决定开一家日托所，我们就卖掉农场搬到了城里。When we sold our
45、 ranch and moved to town,mother had decided on opening a day nursery.人们认为他有语言天赋。He is believed to have a gift for languages.教授把时间分别用在教学写作和演讲上。The professor divided his time between teaching,writing and lecturing.斯文扫地。He had been robbed of his dignity.那味道让我想起一个女孩。That smell reminds me of a girl.要采取进一
46、步的措施打击社区犯罪。Further measures will be taken to rid the community of crime.,介词,有些学生不愿遵守学校对他们的要求。Some students are not willing to abide by what the school requires of them.我认为有些药的发明是用来缓解病人的痛苦。Some medicine should be invented,I think,to relieve such patients of pain.我会尽最大力让居民相信在我们社区附近建家大型工厂是不合适的。I will d
47、o my best to convince the other residents of the improperness of building a large factory near our community.尽管这些人屡战屡败，但只要有些微的赢的希望他们不会放弃再赌一把。Despite that they suffer repeated failures,those people go on gambling with the slightest hope of winning.Despite/in spite of the repeated failures,those peopl
48、e go on gambling with the slightest hope of winning.关于这些问题，我认为我们可以讨论一下，听听人们的建议。With regard to(in regard to/in regard of)the problems,I think we can have a discussion and people will make suggestions.尽管失败多次，但到了期末他成功了。Although he had many failures,he was successful at the end of the term.Although he h
49、ad many failures,he was successful in the end.,介词,除了星期天我们每天工作。We work everyday except Sunday.我只好穿袜子。I have nothing on except for my socks.计划是好的，但会给附近社区带来一些不便The project is good except for some inconveniences it may bring to the neighboring areas.房间一定要上锁。On no account should the house is left unlocke
50、d.因身体不佳她早早地退休了。She retired early on account of ill health.青菜萝卜各有所爱没法解释，因此读书不应有限制。As there is no accounting for tastes,there shouldnt be any restriction to reading books.我认为考试结果是客观的，必然的，没有疑问。In my opinion,the test results are objective,inevitable,and beyond all doubts.人人都对不能自食其力的残疾人深表同情。Everyone symp
