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1、14.3.2在图 14.02 的各电路图中,E5V,ui10sint,二极管的正向压降可忽略不计,试分别画出输出电压 uo 的波形。RDRDuiD EuouiRRuouiEDuouiuoEE(a)(b)(c)(d)【解】: 图14.02 习题14.3.2的图105-10Ui(V)5 t-10Uo(V)5 t-10Uo(V)Uo(V)105tUo(V)105tt(a) 电路的输出波形(b) 电路的输出波形(c) 电路的输出波形(d) 电路的输出波形14.3.5在图 14.05 中,试求下列几种情况下输出端电位 VF 及各元件中通过的电流:(1)VA10V,VB0V;(2)VA6V,VB5.8V;
2、(3)VAVB5V,设二极管的正向电阻为零,反向电阻无穷大。【解】:(1)DA 优先导通91kDAVA1kDBVF =1 + 9 10VV= 9V9VBVFR9kI DA= I R= F =R9 10 3A = 1mA图14.05 习题14.3.5的图DB 截止,IDB0(2)设 DA 和 DB 两管都导通,应用节点电压法计算 VF6 + 5.8 1 1 ,VF = 11+111 V = 5.59V E,D导通;ui E,D导通;ui E,D截止。ui 为负半周时,D截 止。D导通时,u0 = ui ;D截止时,u0 = E。u0的波形分别如图2(a)和(b)所示。图 2: 习题14.3.2图
3、14.3.5在图3中,试求下列几种情况下输出端电位VY 及各元件中通过的电流。(1)VA =+10V ,VB = 0V ;(2)VA = +6V ,VB = +5.8V ;(3)VA = VB = +5V .设二极管的正 向电阻为零,反向电阻为无穷大。解图 3: 习题14.3.5图(1) 二极管DA 优先导通,则10VY= 9 1 + 9 V = 9V3VY9IDA= IR =A = 110R 9 103A = 1mADB 反向偏置,截止,IDB = 0(2) 设DA 和DB 两管都导通,应用结点电压法计算VY :VY =65.8+11111 V =11.8 9V = 5.59V 5.8V+1
4、9119可见DB 管也确能导通。IDA=6 5.59 A = 0.41 1031 103A = 0.41mAIDB=5.8 5.59 A = 0.21 1031 1035.59A = 0.21mAIR=A = 0.621039 103A = 0.62mA(3) DA 和DB 两管都能导通55+VY=1 1 1 1 1 V = 4.74V+119VY4.74IR=A = 0.5310R 9 103A = 0.53mAIDA= IDB =IR =20.533mA = 0.26mA214.4 稳压二极管14.4.2有两个稳压二极管DZ 1和DZ 2,其稳定电压分别为5.5V 和8.5V ,正向压降都
5、 是0.5V 。如果要得到3V 的稳定电压,应如何连接?解应按图4(a)或(b)连接,UZ = 3V 。图中R1、R2 是限流电阻。图 4: 习题14.4.2图15.6 射极输出器15.6.1在图5所示的射极输出器中,已知RS = 50,RB1 = 100k,RB2 = 30k,RE =1k,晶体管的 = 50,rbe = 1k,试求Au,ri 和ro 。解图 5: 习题15.6.1图Au =rbe(1 + )RE+ (1 + )RE=(1 + 50) 1= 0.981 + (1 + 50) 1ri= RB1/RB2 /rbe + (1 + )RE = 16kro式中Sr be + R0100
6、0 + 50=50 = 21R0S = RS /RB1 /RB2 5016.2.6求图 16.05 所示电路的 ui 与 uo 的运算关系式。【解】:RFRuo1= RF uiR1uo1R1RR2uo2uo 2= uo1= RF uuiiR1R/2uouo = uo 2 uo1= 2 RF uiR1图16.05 习题16.2.6的图16.2.9求图 16.08 所示的电路中 uo 与各输入电压的运算关系式。【解】:u o1 = 10u i1ui11k10kuo1 10k10kuou o = u o1 10 u5i 210 u2i 3910ui2ui35k2k1.1k= 10u i1 2u i
7、2 5u i 3图16.08 习题16.2.9的图16.2.6求图4所示电路的uo 与ui 的运算关系式。解图 4: 习题16.2.6图o1 Riu = RF u1R2RFRRuo = uo1 uo1 = uo1 uo1 = 2uo1 =ui117.2.1试用自激振荡的相位条件判断图 17.02 所示各电路能否产生自激振荡,哪一 段上产生反馈电压?U CCUCCU CCUCC u f ufufuf ubeu fuf(a)(b)图1702 习题17-2的图(c)(d)【解】:(a)根据瞬时极性判别,为负反馈,不能产生自激振荡。(b)ube= uf ,正反馈,能产生自激振荡。(c) 负反馈,不能产
8、生自激振荡。(d) 同(b)17.2.1试判别图1所示的放大电路中引入了何种类型的交流反馈。解 图中RF 为反馈电阻。设在ui 的正半周,晶体管各级交流电位的瞬时极性为图 1: 习题17.2.1图B1() C1() B2 () E2() B1 ()即可看出,发射极E2交流电位的负极性反馈到基极B1,降低了B1的交流电位, 使Ube1 减小,故为负反馈。 另外,反馈电路从发射极引出,引入到基极,故为并联电流反馈。第十八章 直流稳压电源18.2.2试分析图 18.05 所示的变压器副边绕组有中心抽头的单相整流电路,副边绕组两端 的电压有效值各为 U:(1)标出负载电阻 RL 上的电压 u0 和滤波
9、电容 C 的极性;(2)分别画出无滤波电容器和有滤波电容器 两种情况下负载电阻上电压 u0 的波形,是全 波还是半波;(3)如无滤波电容器,负载整流电压的平均 值 U0 和变压器副边绕组每段的有效值 U 之间 的数值关系如何?如有滤波电容器,则又如 何?D1u+Cu0u-RL-D2图18.05习题18.2.2的图(4)分别说明无滤波电容器和有滤波电容器两种情况下截止二极管所承受的最高反向最高电压 UDRM 是否都等于 2 2 U;(5)如果整流二极管 D2 虚焊,U0 是否是正常情况下的一半?如果变压器副边绕组 中心抽头虚焊,这时有输出电压吗?(6)如果把 D2 的极性接反,是否能正常工作?会
10、出现什么问题?(7)如果 D2 因过载损坏造成短路,还会出现什么其它问题?(8)如果输出短路,又将出现什么问题?(9)如果图中的 D1 和 D2 都接反,是否仍有整流作用?所不同者是什么?【解】:(3)无 C 滤波:U O = 0.9Uuium有 C 滤波:U O= 1.2U RC (3 5) T 20t(4)有无电容滤波时,均有 DDRM=2 2 U,因当 变压器副边电压为极值时,均为一个二极管导通,另一个二极管截止。此时截止的二极管上承受反向最高压降为 2 2 。(5)D2 虚焊,如无电容,此时为半波整流,则U0=0.45V 为全波整流 U00.9V 的一半;如有电uOum0无电容滤波t
11、uO容,不是。变压器副边中心抽头虚焊,此时不能um0有电容滤波t习题18.2.2 (2)的解构成回路,无输出电压。(6)D2 接反,则正半周时 D1D2 均导通,副边绕组短路。(7)同(6)。(8)输出短路,也使变压器副边绕组短路,导致 D1D2 被烧短路。(9)D1D2 都接反时,有全波整流作用,不同的是 RL 的极性与以前极性相反。第二十章 门电路和组合逻辑电路20.5.5在“与非”门最多允许五个输入端的条件下,用“与非”门实现下列逻辑关系:F = a + b + c + d + e + f【解】:“1”“1”F = a + b + c + d + e + f= abcdef= abcde
12、 fac Fdef20.5.6应用逻辑代数推证下列各式:(1)ABC + A + B + C = 1(2) A B + AB + A B = B + A(3) AB + A B= A B + AB(4) A B + A BCD(E + F ) = A B(5)( A + B) + ( A + B ) + ( A B)( AB ) = 1证:(1)ABC + A + B + C = ABC + ABC = 1 ABC + A + B + C = 1A B + AB + A B = A + B + AB + A B = A (1 + B) + B (1 + A) = A + B(2) A B +
13、AB + A B = A + B(3)A B + AB = A B AB = ( A + B )( A + B ) = ( A + B )( A + B)= AA + A B + AB + BB = A B + AB A B + AB = A B + ABA B + A BCD(E + F ) = A B1 + CD(E + F ) = A B(4) A B + A BCD( E + F ) = A B(5)( A + B) + ( A + B ) + ( A B)( AB ) = AB + A B + ( A B)( AB )= AB + A B + ( A B)( AB ) = ( AB
14、)( A B) + ( A B)( AB ) = 1( A + B) + ( A + B ) + ( A B)( AB ) = 120.6.9图 20.12 是两处控制照明灯的电路,单刀双投开关 A 装在一处,B 装在另一处,两处都可以开闭电灯,设 F=1 表示灯亮,F=0 表示灯灭,A=1 表示开关往上扳,A=0 表示开关往下扳。B 亦如此,试写出灯亮的逻辑式。ABF001010100111【解】: F = AB + ABF220VAB图20.12 习题20.6.9的图20. 6.10当输入端 A 和 B 同时为“1”或同时为“0”时,输出为 1。当 A 和 B 的状态不同时,输出为“0”。
15、这是“同或”门电路,试列出其状态表,写出其逻辑式, 并画出其用“与非”门组成的逻辑电路。【解】:AB 状态表ABF001010100111逻辑式F = A B + AB逻辑图用“与非”门实现F = A B + AB = AB + AB = A B AB20.6.11图 20.13 是一密码锁控制电路,开锁条件是:拨对号码:钥匙插入锁眼将开关 S 闭合。当两个条件同时满足时,开锁信号为“1”,将锁打开。否则,报警信号 为“1”,接通警铃。试分析密码 ABCD 是多少?【解】:ABCD=1001 时, F1 = 0,F2 = 1开锁信号 F3 = 1 ,锁打开 所以,密码 ABCD=1001。S+
16、5V 开锁信号F3A1 F1B1F21C 报警信号F4D图20.13 习题20.6.11的图21.1.4当主从 J-K 触发器的 CP、J、K 端分别加上图 21.04 所示的波形时,试画出Q 端的输出波形。设初始状态为“0”。【解】:见图 21.04。CCOtOJSO0KtR00 “0”图21.03 习题21.1.3的图OtQOt图21.04 习题21.1.4的图22.1.5已知时钟脉冲 CP 的波形如图 21.1.5 所示,试分别画出图 21.05 中的各触发器输出端 Q 的波形。设它们的初始状态为“0”。【解】:JQCKQJQCKQ(a)(b)JQCKQ(c)“0”DQCDQC QCQ(
17、d)(e)(f)图21.05 习题21.1.5的图CQ(a) Q(c) (d )“ 0 ”Q(e )(f )(b )“ 0 ”“ 0 ”21.1.6在图 21.06 的逻辑图中,试画出 Q1 和 Q2 端的波形图,时钟脉冲 CP 的波形如图 21.1.5 所示,如果时钟脉冲的频率是 4000Hz,那么 Q1 和 Q2 波形的频率各为多 少?设初始状态 Q1Q02【解】:Q1Q2C“1” “1”J Q J QCC CQ1 KQ KQ图21.06 习题21.1.6的图Q2Q1波形为2000HzQ2波形为1000Hz21.1.7根据图 21.07 的逻辑图及相应的 CP、RD 和 D 的波形,试画出
18、 Q1 端和 Q2 端的输出波形,设初始状态 Q1Q20。【解】:SD=1CQ 1Q 2OtRDDDQJQCCQKQOt“1”DCR D图21.07 习题21.1.7的图 OtQ1OtQ2Ot以下是大学体验英语综合教程2(第三版)课后翻译答案Unit11. 任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote)Answer:Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.2. 每学期开学前,这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship)Answer:A form to apply
19、for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester.3. 遵照医生的建议,我决定戒烟。(on the advice of)Answer:On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking.4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in)Answer:The park is located right in the center of town.5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所
20、有材料和设备。(facilities)Answer:The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静,但是收效甚微。(search for)Answer:They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success.2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。(revolutionize)Answer:The successful development of th
21、e new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases.3. 由于这个国家的经济不景气,这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of)Answer:The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country.4. 大学毕业后他成为了一名护士。他认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding)Answer:He became a nurse after college. He thought nursing
22、 could be a very rewarding career.5. 他像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as)Answer:He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it.Unit21. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。(fill out)Answer:The policemen are busy fi lling out forms about the accident.2. 我想在还车之前把油箱加满。(fill up, fuel tank)Answer:I want to fi ll up the
23、 fuel tank before returning the car.3. 如果你要投诉,最好遵循正确的程序。(follow the procedure)Answer:If you want to make a complaint, youd better follow the correct procedure.4. 要不是约翰帮忙,我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。(without)Answer:We couldnt have fi nished the experiment so soon without Johns help.5. 暴风雨之后,岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期发现小船的踪迹。(
24、scan for)Answer:After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat.1. 这个国家不大,但是在国际事务中它却发挥着重要作用。(play a role)Answer:This country is not big, but it plays an important role in international affairs.2. 正是在我叔叔的帮助下,我得以克服困难,按时完成了任务。(it is . that)Answer:It was with
25、 the help of my uncle that I overcame the difficulty and completed the assignment in time.3. 毕业时他决定留在北京,而他最好的朋友却选择了去西藏。(while)Answer:While he decided to stay in Beijing upon graduation, his best friend chose to go to Tibet.4. 在这次校园英语演讲比赛中,我们班的玛丽获得了第三名。(come in)Answer:In this Campus English Speaking
26、Contest, Mary from our class came in third.5. 你应该知道学习弹钢琴需要有时间,有金钱,还要有毅力。(as well as)Answer:You should know that it takes time, money as well as perseverance to learn to play the piano.Unit31. 我发现量入为出地过日子越来越难了。(increasingly)Answer:I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.2. 现代政治家们都试图
27、以电视讲话来影响普通百姓。(reach out)Answer:Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.3. 应该帮助学生对人生采取积极的态度。(adopt)Answer:Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.4. 希望全班同学参加这些讨论。(participate in)Answer:Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these d
28、iscussions.5. 如果你犯了罪就必须受到惩罚。(crime)Answer:If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.1.儿子的死让老妇人变得麻木痴呆了。(numb)Answer:The old woman was numbed by her sons death.2.身处所有这些烦恼之中,他依然能保持乐观。(in the midst)Answer:In the midst of all troubles, he managed to remain cheerful.3. 虽有困难,他们还是设法坚持试验下去。(carry
29、on)Answer:They managed to carry on their experiments in spite of the difficulties.4.我们必须淘汰不合格的申请人。(weed out)Answer:We have to weed out unqualified applicants.5. 医生要他减少抽烟。(cut down on)Answer:The doctor told him to cut down on smoking.Unit41.她在公共汽车站一直等到末班车进站。(come in)Answer:She waited at the bus stop
30、until the last bus came in.2.如果我们能帮得上忙,尽管和我们联系。(contact)Answer:If there is any way we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.3 .他需要多少船务人员才能使他的游艇航行?(crew, yacht)Answer:How many crew does he need to sail his yacht?4 .虽然她的新书没有上一本好,但是我还是喜欢它。(not quite as)Answer:I enjoyed her new book
31、 though its not quite as good as her last one.5 .我从未遇到过如此善良的人。(never before)Answer:Never before have I met such a kind person.1.公共汽车放慢速度并停下,让那位乘客上车。(slow down)Answer:The bus slowed down and stopped to allow the passenger to get on board.2.许多车子都驶过去了,可是没有一辆愿意让我们搭便车。(roll by)Answer:Many vehicles rolled
32、 by, but no one offered us a ride.3 .请勿践踏草地。(get off)Answer:Please get off the grass.4.他按妻子的吩咐,一下班就去了市场。(make ones way)Answer:He made his way to the marketplace right after work, as his wife had asked him to do.5 .值得庆幸的是,史蒂夫 (Steve) 从自行车上摔下来时没有摔断骨头。(luckily)Answer:Luckily, Steve didnt break any bone
33、s when he fell off his bike.Unit51. 我们得把感情放在一边,从专业的角度来对待这件事。(from a professional standpoint)Answer:We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional standpoint.2. 这部戏非常精彩,我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。(lose oneself in)Answer:The play was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement of i
34、t.3 .她没有什么爱好除非你把看电视也算是一种爱好。(unless)Answer:She hasnt got any hobbies unless you call watching TV a hobby.4. 他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。(first-hand)Answer:He said that he had got the information first-hand from the Mayor himself.5 .既然你不能回答这个问题,我们最好问问别人。(since)Answer:Since you cant answer the question, perha
35、ps wed better ask someone else.1. 由于公共汽车司机突然刹车,旅客们都不由自主地向前摔倒。(brake, pitch forward)Answer:All the passengers pitched forward because the bus driver braked sharply.2. 这个协议将冲破对自由贸易设置的障碍。(break through, obstacle)Answer:This agreement will break through the obstacles to free trade.3 .我刚放下叫出租车的电话,车就来了。(s
36、oon after)Answer:The taxi arrived soon after I rang for it.4. 在过去,不管我什么时候到家,我父母总会等我。(no matter)Answer:My parents always waited up for me no matter what time I got home.5 .由于没有一方愿意让步,两个公司之间的对话完全破裂了。(break down)Answer:Talks between the two companies completely broke down, because neither of them wante
37、d to give in.Unit61. 那件工作很难做,不过我想试试看。(have a shot)Answer:Its a difficult job, but Id like to have a shot.2. 这是一本关于商务实践而非理论的书。(as opposed to)Answer:This is a book about business practice as opposed to theory.3. 社会活动从未耽误她的学习。(in the way)Answer:Social activities never get in the way of her studies.4. 直到1911年人们才发现第一种维生素。(It is not until . that)Answer:It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.5. 尽管年事已高,爷爷每天还帮忙做家务。(despite)Answer:Despite advanced years, Grandpa helps do housework every day.1. 我们的婚姻很幸福,