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1、专题九 定语从句20152011年各省市高考题(改编).用适当的关系代词填空1.(2015江苏，21)The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.解析句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了17%。as引导的定语从句，在这里作主语，意为“正如，这一点”，代替整个主句的内容。答案as2.(2015湖南，29)It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with it
2、s winding streets and pretty cottages.解析句意：这真是一个令人开心的地方，它看起来和一百年前一模一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的小屋。which代替先行词place，在定语从句中用作主语，引导非限制性定语从句。不可用that。答案which3.(2015浙江，19)Creating an atmosphere in employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.解析句意：创造一种使员工感到自己是团队一部分的氛围是一大挑战。先行词为an atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，此处in which相当于whe
3、re。作介词宾语不可用that。答案which4.(2015重庆，14)He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.解析句意：他写了很多的儿童书，其中接近一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。根据句子结构以及选项可知是考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语。此处关系代词which代指前面的books，作介词of的宾语。答案which5.(2015四川，3)The books on the desk， covers are shiny，are prizes for us.解析考查定语从句。句意：桌上的
4、书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。本题考查非限制性定语从句的连接词，先行词为the books，和covers之间是所有关系，故用whose。答案whose6.(2015安徽，28)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.解析句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 考查定语从句。depend on/upon依靠，依赖，介词后只能用which或whom来构成定语从句的引导词， 先行词为物，故用which。答案which7.(2015福建，34)China
5、Today attracts a worldwide readership， shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.解析句意：中国日报吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词是前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，用which来引导。答案which8.(2014安徽，22)The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.解析考查定语从句。句意：Angela和她的家人一起呆在
6、中国的那一年是2008年。先行词the exact year在定语从句中作spent的宾语且指物，故用which也可用that或省略。答案which/that/不填9.(2014北京，26)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week， my classmates recommended to me.解析考查非限制性定语从句。句意：上个星期，我从图书馆借了同学给我推荐的大侦探福尔摩斯。先行词the book在定语从句中作recommend的宾语，所以要用关系代词，先行词是物，故用which。答案which10.(2
7、014山东，10)A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.解析考查定语从句。句意：利润来源于国内市场且在下降的公司可以到国外寻找机会。此处关系代词whose作定语。答案whose11.(2014重庆，9)Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.解析考查定语从句。句意：一个月之后我们就能完成年初制定的销售目标。先行词targets在从句中作set的宾语，故要用关系代词
8、which。答案which12.(2014四川，4)Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children， is quite unexpected.解析考查定语从句关系词的用法。显然这是一个非限制性定语从句。句意：到目前为止我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了5万英镑，这是我们始料未及的。which指代整个主句。答案which13.(2014陕西，13)Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.解析考查定语从句。句意：请
9、把所有有关这个职位候选人的信息发给我们。先行词information在定语从句中充当have的宾语，前面又有all来修饰，故只能用that，不用which。答案that14.(2013陕西，16) is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.解析考查定语从句。 句意：等医生到的时候，Amy好多了，孩子都这样。as在此句中引导非限定性定语从句，放在句首，同时在从句中作主语。答案As15.(2013山东，35)Finally he reached a lonely island was
10、 completely cut off from the outside world.解析本题考查定语从句。句意：最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。定语从句的先行词为island，而先行词在从句中所做的成分是主语，所以用关系代词that或which。答案which/that16.(2013江苏， 32 )The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China， he remembers starting as early as his childhood.解析考查定语从句。句意：世行的总裁说他喜欢中国，这一点他记得
11、早在他的童年时期就开始了。which指代passion。答案which17.(2013湖南， 21 )Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.解析考查定语从句。句意：幸福和成功总青睐能善于意识到自己长处的人们。who指代先行词those(那些人)，在从句中做主语。答案who18.(2012大纲全国，8)That evening, I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.解析考查非
12、限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。这里that evening是先行词，在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，所以用which。答案which19.(2012山东，23)Maria has written two novels, both of have been made into television series.解析考查非限制性定语从句的用法。句意： Maria写了两部小说，两部都被拍成了电视剧。此处先行词是two novels，后面是一个非限制性定语从句，因此用both of which引导。答案which20.(2011福建，24)She ha
13、s a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allows them to communicate freely with each other.解析考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，an atmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被for her students隔开，该从句缺少主语，所以用which。答案which.用适当的关系副词填空1.(2015北京，24)Opposite is St.Pauls Church, you can hear some lovely music.解析句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你可以听到一些优美的音乐
14、。先行词是St.Pauls Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，故用where。答案where2.(2015陕西，15)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.解析句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是盼望着他有独立的时间。考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是time，后面的从句是完整的句子，先行词在从句中充当状语，所以填when。答案when3.(2015天津，
15、15)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.解析句意：该公司的老板试图创造轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以享受工作的乐趣。考查定语从句。先行词为an easy atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故要用where。答案where4.(2014江苏，22)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work a good impression is
16、 a must.解析考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这本书在我的日常交流中帮了很大的忙，尤其是在良好印象是一项必要条件的工作中。根据句式结构该定语从句中work是先行词，指事物，在从句中作抽象概念的地点状语，故用where。答案where5.(2014福建，31)Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.解析考查定语从句。句意：学生应该潜心于社区活动之中，在这些活动中，他们可以获取成长的经验。在定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。答案where6.
17、(2014浙江，5)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade， I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.解析考查定语从句。句意：直到五年级，我才真正会爬树，当时，我爬上一棵树，拿下了挂在树枝上的风筝。后面的定语从句是完整的句子；先行词为the fifth grade，表时间概念，所以填when。答案when7.(2013江西， 33)He wrote a letter he explained what had happened i
18、n the accident.解析考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故中发生的一切。解题关键是判断定语从句引导词的选择方法，即：根据先行词在定语从句中作的成分来判断。本题中先行词letter在从句中作地点状语，因此，应填where。答案where8.(2013浙江，13)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.解析考查定语从句。句意：这家博物馆将在春天开放，有一个展
19、览和一个观看平台，在这个平台上参观者可以看到正在建造的大玻璃屋。where引导的定语从句修饰platform，where在从句中充当地点状语。答案where9.(2012浙江，9)We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.解析考查定语从句。when引导定语从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词an age(时代)，此处的whenat which。答案when10.(2011陕西，11)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.解析考查定语从句。先行词是hill，表地点，定语从句we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake缺少状语，所以应用关系副词where。答案where定语从句是高考的热点，主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。主要考点有：1.关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。2.关系副词where引导的定语从句(近三年来常考查先行词是表示抽象空间概念的名词的情况)。3.“介词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。4.as引导的非限制性定语从句。
