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1、单词、1abandon v&n.归纳拓展(1)用作动词意为“放弃”时，后常接表示事物的名词或动名词。常用短语为abandon doing sth.放弃做某事。abandon a game中止比赛abandon principles放弃原则abandon hope (of doing sth.)放弃(做的)希望(2)用作动词意为“抛弃，遗弃”时，后常接表示人或事物、场所、地点的名词。abandon sth. for sth.放弃而选择(3)用作动词意为“放任”时，后常接反身代词，常用短语abandon oneself to沉溺于。(4)用作名词时，意为“放纵”。常用短语with abandon放
2、任/纵地，纵情。(5)abandoned adj.意为“被抛弃的，放任的；无耻的”。例句：He abandoned himself to despair.他陷入绝望之中。The game had to be abandoned due to bad weather.由于天气不好，比赛不得不中止。Marie has abandoned the hope of seeing her lost child again.玛丽亚已经放弃了再次见到失踪孩子的希望。He signed cheques with careless abandon.他无所顾忌地乱开支票。同类辨析abandon，desert，gi
3、ve up与leave(1)abandon指完全、最终和永久的放弃。(2)desert指故意逃避应有的责任和义务，违背誓言，含有非难和指责之意。(3)give up常用于口语中，与abandon同义。(4)leave强调离开(某地)或留下、遗忘(某物)。 【链接训练】The soldiers felt a bit disappointed to find nothing except a car_at the roadside after the earthquake.Abeing abandoned BabandonedCabandoning Dhaving been abandoned【解
4、析】考查过去分词短语作定语的用法。a car abandoned at the roadside“废弃在马路边的汽车”。【答案】BThe plan was _ when it was discovered how much the scheme would cost.AreleasedBdesertedCresignedDabandoned【解析】考查动词辨析。release“免除，解除”；desert“遗弃”；resign“ 辞职”；abandon“中止，放弃”。根据句意：当发现耗资很大时，这个计划就被中止了。故选D。2occupy vt.占用，占领；占据归纳拓展(1)be occupied
5、 in doing忙于做be occupied with (doing) sth.从事/忙于(做)某事be occupied(房间、座位、床位等)被占有(用)occupy oneself in doing sth.忙于，专心于occupy ones mind/thoughts/attention占据某人的头脑/思维/注意力(2)occupation n占领，职业例句：The allied forces occupied that country for several years after World War .第二次世界大战后，盟军占领了那个国家好几年。He occupied himsel
6、f in writing a book.He was occupied with a book.他忙于写书。The occupation of the third suspect is not known.第三名嫌疑犯的职业不详。【链接训练】Jay Chous concert is so popular with young people that all the seats are_.AabandonedBemptiedCcoveredDoccupied【解析】句意为：周杰伦的演唱会如此受年轻人的欢迎，以至于所有的座位都坐满了。occupy“占用，占据”，符合题意。【答案】D3wound v
7、(尤指用刀、枪等)伤害；使烦恼；(wind的过去式、过去分词)n伤口，创伤(一般指刀伤，枪伤等)归纳拓展wounded adj.负伤的，受(刀、枪等)伤害的the wounded(尤指战争中)受伤者，伤员flesh wound轻伤，皮肉之伤open old wounds揭旧伤疤例句：Ten soldiers were killed and thirty seriously wounded.有10名士兵阵亡，30名受重伤。The blood from his wound has soaked right through the bandage.从伤口流出来的血浸透了绷带。The wounded
8、were carried to hospital immediately.伤员立刻被送往医院。【链接训练】A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _ leg.Aa Bone Cthe Dhis【解析】本题考查定冠词在短语中的应用。在结构“wound/hit/beat/strike sb.in/on/bythe身体部位”中，身体部位名词前必须有定冠词。【答案】C4condemn v谴责，责备，责难；判罪，定罪；注定归纳拓展condemn sb./sth.for doing sth.因而责备sentence/condemn sb.to deat
9、h判处某人死刑condemn sb.to do sth.使某人注定做某事condemn sb.to sth.使某人陷入困境，判处某人condemn sb./sth.as某事物/某人被指责为例句：She knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children.她知道社会将会谴责她遗弃孩子。He was found guilty and condemned to death.他被判处有罪，处以死刑。As an old person，one is often condemned to live alone.老人常出于无奈而独自生活。【
10、链接训练】Any nation that interferes in the internal affairs of another nation should be universally _.AblamedBscoldedCcondemnedDcriticized【解析】句意为：任何干涉他国内政的国家都应受到全世界的谴责。condemn常用于较正式、严肃的场合，意味着从道义或原则上的“谴责”。而blame“埋怨，责怪”；scold“责骂，训斥”；criticize“批评”，均不合题意。【答案】C5drop v掉落，使落下；下降，减少；去某处n(液体的)珠，滴归纳拓展drop sb.a li
11、ne给某人写封短信drop behind落后drop out退出不再参加；中途退学例句：A bottle rolled across the table，dropped onto the floor and smashed.一个瓶子从桌子上滚落到地板上，摔得粉碎。The number of people out of work has dropped to 2 million.失业人数已经下降到200万。The manager dropped in unannounced at the office several times a week.经理每星期都不经事先通知到办公室来好几次。【链接训练
12、】Mrs Jones asked the driver to _ his son at the library on his way downtown.Adrop inBdrop outCdrop offDdrop by【解析】drop sb. off“让某人下车”，符合题意。【答案】C短语1to ones astonishment令某人惊讶的是归纳拓展(1)in astonishment吃惊地astonish v使吃惊astonishing adj.让人惊讶的astonished adj.对惊讶的(3)当表示“使某人感到非常的是”用to ones greatn.或much to onesn.
13、，much to then.of.表示。例句：To his astonishment，the keys were in the door.让他吃惊的是，钥匙就在门上。She stared at the result of the experiment in astonishment.她吃惊地看着实验结果。To my surprise，he didnt know he had lost his wallet.令我惊讶的是他连丢了钱包都不知道。 【链接训练】To our_，the boss wasnt_at the_news at all.Aastonishment；astonish；astoni
14、shedBastonishment；astonished；astonishingCastonish；astonished；astonishingDAstonishment；astonishing；astonished【解析】to our astonishment“令我们惊奇的是”，为固定搭配。以ing结尾的形容词多用来修饰事物，说明其性质、特点等；以ed结尾的形容词多用来修饰人，说明其情感、表情等。根据题意，可知答案为B。2think about/of考虑，思考归纳拓展注意：think of中of为介词，代词作宾语不能前置。(1)高度评价think little/badly of认为不好(2)
15、think of sb.as.把某人当作think about考虑(about为介词)think over仔细考虑(over为副词)think out想出think up想出，想起办法例句：Ive been thinking of changing my job.我一直都在想着换换工作。The people here think nothing of walking 5 miles to carry water.这里的人认为走5英里去挑水算不上什么难事。I think of him as a happy person with lots of good friends.我认为他是一个有很多好朋
16、友的快乐的人。The new president was well thought of.新总统得到了高度评价。【链接训练】There are many things which have to _ before we finally made up our minds.Athink about Bbe thought ofCthink of Dbe thought【解析】考查的是“think of考虑”的被动语态形式。符合句意“我们最终做决定以前，有许多事情不得不考虑”。【答案】B句型1We werent supposed to do that.我们本不该那么做。(表示后悔和遗憾)(1)be
17、 supposed to被期望做，应该被相信是，被认为例句：You are supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom.你如果想要离开教室，应该先问问老师。The new laws are supposed to prevent crime.这些新法令本应该起到防止犯罪的作用。(2)表示后悔和遗憾的表达法还有：例句：Its a pity that you cant come.你不能来真是遗憾。I wish I had never given it up.我希望自己从未放弃过。If I had been there
18、，he would not have made such a serious mistake.如果我在那儿，他就不会犯这么严重的错误。【链接训练】Why did you go to the wrong office?Well, I forgot which room I was_to go to.AdemandedBhopedCsupposedDsuggested【解析】考查be supposed to do的用法，意为“应该做某事”。句意为：你为什么走错办公室了？哦，我忘了我该去哪个房间了。【答案】C2The survivors lay on the beach，exhausted and
19、shocked.死里逃生的战士躺在海滩上，疲惫不堪，心有余悸。归纳拓展“exhausted and shocked”是形容词作状语，表示死里逃生的战士躺在海滩上时的状态。形容词的这种用法很常见。例句：She was back，eager to see her friends.她回来了，迫不及待地想见她的朋友们。She gave him the overcoat，anxious to be of service.她把大衣拿给他，很愿意为他服务。He arrived home，hungry and tired.他又饿又累地回到家里。【链接训练】Thinking that her baby was
20、fast asleep，the young mother left the room，_.Aquickly and gentle Bquickly and gentlyCquick and gentle Dquick and gently【解析】考查形容词作状语。句意为：认为宝宝已经熟睡了，这位年轻的妈妈快速而又悄悄地走出了房间。此处形容词作状语表示年轻妈妈离开房间的状态。【答案】C语法虚拟语气()1虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用(1)用于宾语从句中用于wish后面的宾语从句中wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其构成形式为：主语wishthat从句例句：I wish
21、(that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.但愿我是一只小鸟，能在空中自由地飞翔。I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.我真希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。I wish all my classmates would come to the gettogether next month.我希望下个月我所有的同学都来参加聚会。用于表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句中，常见的动词有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest，propose，advi
22、se等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气其结构为：“should动词原形”，should可以省略。例句：He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.他建议我们第二天要早点出发。The manager required that we (should) take notes when listening to the report.经理要求我们听报告时记笔记。注意：当suggest作“暗示，说明”解时，宾语从句中的谓语动词用陈述语气。例句：His puzzled expression suggested that he didnt u
23、nderstand the foreigners words.他迷惑的表情表明他不明白那个外国人的话。insist作“坚持认为，坚持说”解时，宾语从句中的谓语动词用陈述语气。例句：She insisted that she had seen someone come out of her room.她坚持说她看见有人从她房间里出来。在would rather，had better后的宾语从句中，也用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。例句：I would rather they hadnt heard of the news at that time.我真希望他们那时没有听说这个消息。(
24、2)用于主语从句中It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pitythat从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。例句：It is strange that he (should) have acted toward his parents like that.他那样对待他的父母有点儿奇怪。(3)用于表语从句和同位语从句中在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。
25、其构成是“should动词原形”，should可以省略。例句：My idea is that we (should) think it over before accepting it.我的意见是在接受之前我们应仔细考虑。2(1)虚拟语气用在as if (as though)，even if (even though) 等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作指现在的状况，则用过去时。如果表示的动作发生在过去，则用过去完成时。如果指将来的动作，则用过去将来时。例句：He looks as if he were an artist.他看起来真像个艺术家。(2)lest/in case/f
26、or fear that引导的状语从句lest(以防、以免)，in case(万一、以防)，for fear that(唯恐，以免)引导的状语从句中，谓语动词要使用(should)动词原形的形式。例句：He hurried on，lest she (should) meet him again.他匆忙往前走以免她再碰到他。3虚拟语气用于定语从句中It is (high) time (that).句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或should动词原形(其中should不能省略)。此句型意为“(现在)该做”，用来表示提议。例句：It is (high) time that we should
27、start out.我们该出发了。4if only或if.only(但愿，要是就好了)引导的虚拟语气用于感叹句中例句：If only I were a flying bird!如果我是一只飞鸟该多好啊！5在含有If it were not for或If it had not been for条件句的虚拟语气中例句：If it were not for the rain，the crops would die.如果没这场雨的话，庄稼早就死了。If it had not been for your help，we couldnt have finished the work ahead of ti
28、me.如果没你帮忙，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。6虚拟语气用于表示委婉语气的句型中例句：It would be better for you not to do that.你不那样做可能会更好些。7用于“may动词原形”句型表示“祝愿”，may须置于句首。例句：May you succeed！祝你成功！【链接训练】Was the house master strict?Yes. He requested that we _ television on week nights.Anot watch Bmust not to watchCnot be watching Dhave not watc
29、hed【解析】request后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即：谓语动词用should动词原形，should可以省略，此处用其否定形式。【答案】AThe judge insisted the person who broke the rule_.Ashould put in prison Bput in prisonCshould be put in prison Dshould put into the prison【解析】考查insist用作“坚持认为”之意时，后跟从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用(should)do形式。句意为：那位法官坚持认为那个违反了法规的人应该进监狱。【答案】DHe is in
30、 his late 40s now and still single.It is high time he _ himself a wife and settled down.Ahas to get Bgot Cgets Dwill get【解析】Its(high) time (that). 句型中，定语从句要用过去式或should动词原形，其中should不能省略，四个选项中只有B项符合要求。【答案】BAny information about your son?No.If only I _ those tough words to him.Adidnt say Bhadnt saidCsh
31、ouldnt have said Dcouldnt have said【解析】考查虚拟语气。答句句意为：没有。要是我没对他说那些太严厉的话就好了。if only“要是就好了”，此题题意与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。【答案】BIm bored with continual rain.How I wish that the sun _ brightly when I _ up.Awill shine；wake Bwill be shining；wakeCwould shine；woke Dwould be shining；wake【解析】句意为：一直下雨真讨厌。我多么希望当我醒来时，太阳明亮地照着。wish后宾语从句表示与将来事实相反应使用过去将来时；when引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时，故选D项。
