《英语3000常用词用法详解词典(中)概要.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语3000常用词用法详解词典(中)概要.doc（111页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、英语3000常用词用法详解词典(中)entrance5entrEns n.1.C入口，进口：Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 入口处不得停放汽车。 2.C进入，入场3.U进入的权利，入学许可：a school entrance examination 学校入学考试【用法】表示“在入口处”，通常用介词 at，表示“的入口”，通常用介词 to，有时也用介词 of：Where is the entrance to the zoo, please? 请问动物园的入口在什么地方? / The entrance of the hall is on y
2、our right. 大厅的入口在你右边。一般说来，用介词 to 多用来指方向，即指“通向”，用介词 of 多用来指位置(但不绝对，总的说来，用 to 的情形较多) entry5entrI n.1.C,U进入，加入：At his entry everyone fell silent. 他进来时大家都沉默下来。 2.U进入权，入场权：They were charged with illegal entry into the US. 他们被控告非法进入美国。3.C参加竞赛的人(或物)：The magazine received 400 entries for its poetry contest.
3、 杂志接到了参加诗歌比赛的 400 份作品。4.C项目，条目：The latest edition of the dictionary contains more than 6,000 entries. 这本词典的最新版本收入词条超过 6 000 个。envelope5envElEJp n.C信封：Did you put a stamp on the envelope? 你在信封上贴邮票了吗？environmentIn5vaIErEnmEnt n.1.C环境：A bad home environment can affect a childs progress at school. 家庭环境有
4、问题会影响小孩子的学业。2.(用单数)(连用the)自然环境：Living creatures must be adaptable to environmental change. 生物必须能适应环境的变化。envy5envI vt.羡慕，嫉妒：I quite envy you your good fortune. 我十分羡慕你的好运气。n.U妒忌，羡慕：She is filled with envy. 她充满妒忌。equal5i:kwEl adj.1.(常与 to, with 连用)相同的，平等的：They are of equal height. 他们一样高。/ The two men a
5、re equal in ability. 这两个人能力相等。2.胜任的，经得起的：John is quite equal to the job. 约翰很能胜任这份工作。vt.1.等于，使等于：One plus six equals seven. 1 加 6 等于 7。2.比得上：He ran an excellent race, equaling the club record. 他跑得真好，平了俱乐部的纪录。equipI5kwIp vt.1.提供设备，装备，配备：The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. 士兵们配备着最新式的武器。
6、2.使有所准备，使胜任：Your education will equip you for your future life. 你所受的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。equipmentI5kwIpmEnt n.U装备，设备：A computer is the most important piece of equipment you will buy. 电脑是你需要买的最重要的设备。【用法】表示“装备”“设备”“配备”，是一个不可数的集合名词，若要表示一件或几件设备，可借助单位词 piece：sports equipment 体育器材 / farm equipment 农用设备 / heatin
7、g equipment 供暖设备。eraserI5reIzE n.C橡皮擦，黑板擦：My pencil is equipped with an eraser made of rubber. 我的铅笔上有个橡皮擦。error5erE n.1.C错误，差错：The accident was caused by human error. 这次事故是由人为过错造成的。 2.C,U(行为上或见解上的)过失，失误：They were in error about the address. 他们搞错了地址。escapeI5skeIp n.C,U逃跑，逃脱：an escape from reality 逃避现
8、实 / Can you smell an escape of gas? 你能闻到漏出来的煤气味吗？vi.(常与 from 连用)逃跑，逃脱：They managed to escape from the burning building by breaking down the door. 他们砸开了失火房子的门，逃了出来。vt.1.逃避，避开：Two security guards escaped injury in the attack. 两名保安在这次袭击事件中幸免受伤。2.被疏忽，被忘却：Her name escapes me. 我忘了她的名字。【说明】1.后接动词要用动名词：Ther
9、e is no way to escape doing the work. 没有办法逃脱做这项工作。 2.表示从某场所逃走、从管制或监禁中逃走、液体或气体从管中漏出等，均不及物，应与介词 from 连用；表示逃避或躲避不愉快的事(如危险，处罚，不幸，灾难等)，及物，其后无需用介词。比较：He escaped prison. 他躲避了监禁。(逃避不愉快的事) / He escaped from prison. 他越狱了。(从管制或监禁中逃走)especiallyI5speFElI adv.1.专门地，特地：I came here especially to ask you a question.
10、 我是专门来问你一个问题的。2.特别地，尤其：Im especially busy on Tuesdays. 我在星期二特别忙。/ I liked all the children, Tom especially. 我喜欢所有的孩子，特别是汤姆。Europe5jJErEp n.欧洲：Potatoes were introduced into Europe from America. 马铃薯是从美洲引进欧洲的。/ He left Europe the year World War II broke out. 他是第二次世界大战爆发那一年离开欧洲的。European7jJErE5pi:En adj
11、.欧洲的，欧洲人的：France and Switzerland are European countries. 法国和瑞士是欧洲国家。n.C欧洲人：Japanese is difficult for Europeans to learn. 对欧洲人来说，学日语很难。evei:v n.1.U(节日等的)前夜，前夕：They held a party on New Years Eve. 他们在除夕举行了晚会。 2.(重大事件发生的)前一刻，前夕：He was nervous on the eve of the examination. 他在考试前夕很紧张。 【用法】表示“在前夕”，其前通常与介词
12、 on 连用。even5i:vEn adv.甚至，连(都)，更：Even Mrs Smith could not help laughing. 甚至连史密斯太太也忍不住笑了起来。/ Even a child knows better. 这甚至连孩子都知道得更清楚。even if though 即使，尽管：He wont tell you about it even if you ask him again. 即使你再去问他，他也不会告诉你的。 even so 即使这样，虽然如此：It rained, but even so we enjoyed the day. 下了雨，即使如此我们这天也很开
13、心。【用法】1.表示“甚至”，通常应放在被修饰词语之前，否则会引起含义的变化：Even now he doesnt believe me. 甚至到现在他还不相信我。(其他时候就不用说了) / Now even he doesnt believe me. 现在连他都不相信我了。(其他人就更不会相信我了) 2.用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示“比(已经的)更加”：This book is even more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本更有趣。3.even 是副词，不是连词，所以不要用它引导句子。evening5i:vnIN n.C,U傍晚，晚上：Ill d
14、o my homework in the evening. 我将在晚上做作业。/ On Sunday evening I went to my friends birthday party. 星期天晚上我去参加了我朋友的生日晚会。eventI5vent n.1.C事件，大事：Two events received national attention during the year. 这一年中有两件大事引起了全国的关注。2.C比赛项目：field and track events 田径赛at all events 无论如何，不论怎样：At all events you had better t
15、ry. 无论如何你最好试一试。in any event 不管怎样：In any event Ill telephone you before I make a final decision. 不管怎样，我在作出最后决定前我会打电话给你。in that event 如果那样，如果发生那样的情况：It may rain. In that event, we wont go. 天可能下雨， 如果那样，我们就不去了。 eventuallyI5ventjJElI adv.最终地：Eventually we became good friends. 最后我们成了好朋友。/ I waited for him
16、 for three hours, and eventually he came. 我等了他三个小时，他终于来了。ever5evE adv.(尤用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句)在任何时候，从来，有时，曾经，无论如何：Have you ever been to Paris? 你曾去过巴黎吗？/ Youre scarcely ever at home. 你几乎从不呆在家里。ever since 从那时起：He has kept up his study ever since the year 1990. 自从 1990 年以来他一直坚持学习。/ Ive never got any letter fr
17、om him ever since he left. 自从他离开以后，我一直未收到他的信。/ for ever 永远：I will love you for ever. 我将永远爱你。【用法】主要用于否定句、一般疑问句、条件句、比较句等，其意大致相当于汉语的“曾经，以前”等，有时往往有较活的译法。如：Nothing ever makes him angry. 从来没有任何事会使他生气。/ He studied harder than ever. 他学习比以前更努力了。every5evrI adj.1.每一，每个的：every month (year) 每月(年) / Every student
18、 has to take the examination. 每个同学都得参加这次考试。2.一切可能的：He was given every chance to try the job. 他得到一切可能的机会去试做这件事。3.每隔，每逢：The buses go every 10 minutes. 公共汽车每隔10分钟一趟。 / The postman came every other day. 邮递员每隔一天来一次。【辨析】every 与 each：参见 each。everybody5evrIbCdI (=everyone) pron.每人，人人：He told the news to eve
19、rybody in the classroom. 他把这个消息告诉了教室里的每个人。everyday5evrIdeI adj.每日的，日常的：The computer is now part of everyday life. 计算机现已成了日常生活的一部分。everyone5evrIwQn (= everybody) pron.每人，人人：Everyone will succeed if they work hard. 任何人只要努力就会成功。everything5evrIWIN pron.1.每件事，事事，一切：She does everything to help her mother.
20、 她尽全力帮助她母亲。 2.最重要的事物：Money is important but not everything. 钱虽然重要，但不是最重要的。 everywhere5evrIweE adv.到处，处处：Ive looked everywhere. 我到处都看过了。exactI5zAkt adj.精确的，确切的：He is exact in his choice of words. 他用词确切。/ That is the exact price at the moment. 那是目前精确的价格了。exactlyI5zAktlI adv.1.精确地，确切地：Tell me exactly w
21、here she has gone. 确切地告诉我她去了哪里。2.正好，刚好：Youve arrived at exactly the right moment. 你来得正是时候。3.确实如此，正是：Our new house is nice and large, exactly what weve always wanted. 我们的新房子既漂亮又宽敞，这正是我们一直所向往的。not exactly 并不，一点也不examI5zAm n.C考试，测试：The teacher gave us an exam in history. 老师对我们进行了历史测验。/ Anybody can pass
22、 the exam. 无论谁都能通过这个考试。examinationI7zAmI5neIFEn n.1.C考试，测试：When will we know the examination results? 什么时候告诉我们考试结果? 2.C,U检查，检验，审查：The doctor will give you a full examination. 医生会给你做一次全面检查。examineI5zAmIn vt.1.检查，调查：The police examined the room for fingerprints. 警察为取得指纹而检查了这个房间。2.检查，诊察：The doctor exam
23、ined him thoroughly. 医生对他进行了全面的检查。exampleI5zB:mpl n.1.C实例，例证：Here I give you some more examples. 这里我再给大家举几个例子。 2.C榜样，模范：a remarkable example 卓越的榜样 / You must take after the best example. 你必须学习最好的榜样。follow sbs example lead 追随某人的榜样 / for example 例如 / make an example of someone 杀一儆百 / set an example 树立
24、榜样excellent5eksElEnt adj.1.极好的，优秀的，杰出的：He is in excellent health. 他身体非常好。/ She speaks excellent Japanese. 她日语说得非常漂亮。 2.(用以表示赞同或愉快)好极了【用法】1.表示“极好”等义，含有绝对无疑的意味，因此通常只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句、疑问句或条件句：He speaks excellent English. 他的英语说得相当漂亮。即使在肯定句中，若用了 perhaps, maybe 等表示不确定语气的词语，也最好不用 excellent：Perhaps it is an in
25、teresting film. 也许那是一部很有趣的电影。2.表示“极好的”，本身已有“极”“最”这样的极限意义，所以一般不用于比较结构，并且通常不用 very, extremely 等副词修饰。exceptIk5sept prep.除之外：Nobody was late except her. 除她之外没有人迟到。/ I can do everything except cook. 除了做饭我什么事都会做。 / Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 除一位老太太外，这辆公共汽车空无一人。【辨析】1.except 与 except for：ex
26、cept 主要用来谈论同类的东西，而 except for 则主要用来谈论不同类的东西，有时含有惋惜之意：All homework is well done except yours. 除了你的作业外，其他人的作业都做得很好。/ Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 你的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。注：若用于句首，except for 与 except 同义(但 except 通常不用于句首)。2.except, besides 与 but：参见besides。exchangeIks5tFeIndV n.
27、1.C,U交换，互换：We had an exchange of views among ourselves. 我们内部交换了意见。2.C电话交换台 3.C交易所exciteIk5saIt vt.1.使兴奋，使激动：Dont excite yourself. 不要激动。/ The news excited everybody. 这消息使每个人都很兴奋。 2.激发，引起：The programme excited great interest. 这个节目引起了广泛的关注。【辨析】excited 与 exciting：1.excited 意为“激动的”“兴奋的”，主要指人自己感到激动或兴奋，涉及的
28、对象往往是指人的名词。要表示某人对于(因为)某事而激动，根据情况可用介词 at, about, by, over：He was excited over the outing. 他为这次远足而感到激动。/ The whole family were excited at (hearing) the news. 听到这个消息全家人很激动。2. exciting 意为“令人激动的”“振奋人心的”，指的是某事物令某人感到激动或兴奋：Its an exciting opportunity. 那是一个振奋人心的机会。excuse1Ik5skju:s n.C,U借口，辩解，理由：Do you have a
29、ny excuse for coming so late? 你来这么晚，有什么理由吗? / Too much work is no excuse for not studying. 工作太忙不能成为不学习的理由。excuse2Ik5skju:z vt.1.原谅，宽恕：Excuse me for bothering you. 对不起，打扰你了。 2.为而辩解：Illness cannot excuse your absence. 生病不能成为你缺席的理由。【说明】1.excuse 表示“原谅”较轻微的过错或失礼等，不含处理或处罚之意。2.在英国英语中，当要说的话或要做的事可能引起对方不快时，或要
30、打扰、打断别人和引起别人注意时，一般要先说：Excuse me. exercise5eksEsaIz n.1.C,U锻炼，做操，运动：morning exercises 晨练，早操 / Exercise makes one strong. 运动使人强壮。2.C练习，习题：an exercise on phrasal verbs 短语动词练习 / an exercise book 练习本 v.锻炼，运动：Do you eat properly and exercise regularly? 你饮食适当，并且定期锻炼吗？exhibition7eksI5bIF(E)n n.C展览，展览会：The e
31、xhibition is open on weekends. 展览会每逢周末开放。on exhibition 展览中：Some of the childrens paintings are now on exhibition at the school. 学生的一些图画正在学校展览。【用法】表示“举办展览”，通常用动词 have, hold, give, put on 等。existI5zIst vi.生存，存在：Fish cannot exist out of water. 鱼离开水就活不成。/ Does life exist on other planets? 别的行星上有生命吗？【用法】
32、1.表示“存在”“有”“活着”，通常只用作不及物动词，因此没有被动语态，且通常不用于进行时：We dont believe ghosts exist. 我们不相信有鬼存在。2.要表示“靠生活”，通常用介词 on：The old man exists on rice and water. 这位老人靠吃米饭和喝水生活。existenceI5zIstEns n.1.U存在：We dont believe in the existence of ghosts. 我们不相信有鬼存在。2.(常用单)生活，生活方式：She had a purpose in existence. 她生活有目标。exit5ek
33、zIt n.C,U出口，太平门：Where is the exit? 哪儿是出口？ / Passengers should leave the plane by the nearest emergency exit. 乘客须从最近的紧急出口离机。expectIk5spekt vt.1.预料，预计：I expect that it will rain this afternoon. 我看下午会下雨。2.期待，期望：We will live up to what our parents expect of us. 我们决不辜负父母亲对我们的期望。3.认为，猜想：I expect that your
34、e tired. 我想你一定累了吧。expedition7ekspI5dIFn n.C远征(队)，探险(队)：They were sent on an expedition to the North Pole. 他们被派往北极探险。expenseIk5spens n.U消费，支出：Rent is our biggest expense. 房租是我们最大的开销。at the expense of 以为代价：He finished the job at the expense of his health. 他完成了工作但损害了健康。expensiveIk5spensIv adj.昂贵的：Your
35、dress must have been expensive. 你的衣服一定很贵。/ It is expensive to stay in that hotel. 住那家旅馆很贵。experienceIk5spIErIEns n.1.U经验，体验：We all learn by experience. 我们都从经验中学习。2.C经历，阅历：Our journey by camel was quite an experience. 我们骑骆驼旅行真是一次难忘的经历。【用法】1.用作名词，表示“经验”“体验”时，是不可数名词，而表示“经历”“阅历”时，通常是可数名词：Experience is t
36、he best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。/ Please tell us your experiences in Africa. 请告诉我们你在非洲的经历。2.表示做某事的经验，其后通常不接不定式，而接 in of doing sth：He has had much experience in of (doing) this kind of work. 他有丰富的经验做这项工作。experimentIk5sperImEnt n.C,U实验，试验：Scientists test out theories by experiment. 科学家靠实验检验理论。vi.(常与 on, wit
37、h 连用)做实验：He experimented in painting at home. 他在家中试着作画。expert5eksp:t n.C,U专家，能手：She is an expert in training animals. 她是驯兽专家。 adj.(常与 at, in 连用)内行的：Hes expert at in cooking good cheap meals. 他善于烹制又好吃又便宜的饭菜。【用法】既可用作名词，意为“专家”，又可以用作形容词，意为“熟练的”。表示某一方面的“专家”或“能手”，通常用介词 at, in, on：She is an expert at in, o
38、n teaching children. / She is expert at in, on teaching children. 她是教小孩的能手。注：表示某一方面的能手或专家，通常不用介词 of。explainIk5spleIn vt.解释，讲解，说明：Can you explain why you were late? 你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗？/ Please explain this rule to me. 请将这条规则给我说明一下。 explain oneself 讲清自己的意思，解释自己的行为：Explain yourself, lovely Alice. 美丽的艾丽斯，请解释
39、一下。【用法】表示“解释”，通常不接双宾语(若语义上需要这类结构，可以改用 explain sth to sb)：Please explain the meaning of this word to us. 请把这个单词的意思给我们解释一下。 explanation7eksplE5neIFEn n.C,U解释，说明，阐明：It needs no explanation. 这无需解释。 / She is giving an explanation of how the machine works. 她在说明这机器的使用原理。explodeIk5splEJd v.1.(使)爆炸：The bomb
40、exploded.炸弹爆炸了。2.勃然大怒：At last his anger exploded.他终于大发雷霆。explorerIk5splC:rE n.C探险者，探索者，考察者：The explorer related his adventures. 探险者叙述了他的冒险经历。expressIk5spres vt.表达，表示，(清楚地)表达自己的意思：A smile expressed her joy at the news. 微笑表达了她对这个消息的喜悦心情。/ Learning to express oneself well is an important part of educat
41、ion. 学会把意思表达清楚是受教育的一个重要方面。adj.(传递、运送)迅速的：express delivery 快递 / an express letter 快信 adv.用快递，乘快车：travel express 乘快车旅行 n. 1. C快车：the 8:00 am express to Beijing 早上8点开往北京的快车 2.U特快专递，速运：sent parcels by express 用快递寄包裹【用法】1.表示“表达”“表示”等，通常不接双宾语，也不接 that 从句，但可接疑问词引导的从句：I cant express (to you) how grateful I
42、am for your help. 你对我的帮助，我感激不尽。2.有时可接反身代词作宾语，其意为表达自己的意思、思想、感情等：The little boy is still unable to express himelf in English. 这个小男孩还不能用英语表达自己的意思。expressionIk5spreFn n.1.C,U表达，表示：His clear expression of the plan made it easier for us to understand. 为让我们更容易理解，他把这计划讲述得很清楚。2.C措词，词句：When you tell someone t
43、o “break a leg,” it is an expression meaning good luck. 你对人说break a leg时，这个习语的意思是祝你好运。 3.C神色，表情：She always has a sleepy expression. 她总是一副懒洋洋的表情。extra5ekstrE adj.额外的，外加的：We will do extra work tomorrow. 明天我们加班。adv.额外地，另外地：I paid extra for a good room. 为住好房间，我额外付了钱。n.C额外的事物，另外收费的事物：Breakfast is an extr
44、a at this hotel. 这家旅馆早餐要另外收费。extraordinaryIk5strC:dnrI adj.不平常的，离奇的，使人惊奇的：He is full of extraordinary ideas. 他满脑子都是离奇的想法。extremelyIk5stri:mlI adv.极端地，非常：Im extremely sorry for the delay. 对此延误，我深感抱歉。eyeaI n.1.C眼睛：We see with our eyes. 我们用眼睛看。 / Get your eyes tested! 你去检查一下你的眼睛吧!2.C视力，视觉，鉴赏力：an eagle
45、eye 敏锐的视力 / An artist must have an eye for colour. 画家应能鉴别颜色。3.C似眼之物，眼状物，针眼eyesight5aIsaIt n.U视力，视觉：She has poor eyesight. 她视力差。 / Soon he lost his eyesight. 不久他就失明了。FFFFFFFFFFFFfacefeIs n.1.C脸，面孔：Go and wash your face. 去洗个脸吧。/ She came in with a smile on her face. 她面带笑容走了进来。 2.C(物体的)表面，正面：the face o
46、f the earth 地球的表面 3.U面子，威信：He was afraid of risking failure because he didnt want to lose face. 他害怕失败，因为他不想丢面子。vt.1.面向，面对，朝：My house faces south. 我家的房子朝南。2.面临，面对(难题)：A new problem faced me. 我面临了新的问题。3.正视，对付：He turned to face his attackers. 他转过身来对付那些攻击者。be faced with 面临：They are all faced with the sa
47、me problem. 他们都面临同样的问题。 face to face (with sb) 面对面：He came face to face with death. 他面临死亡。/ lose ones face 失面子 / make a face 扮鬼脸 / save ones face 挽回面子 / shave ones face 刮脸factfAkt n.1.C事实，客观事实，真实事物：No decision will be made until we know all the facts. 在没弄清全部事实前，我们不会作出决定。2.U真相，实情，现实，真实性：Is this story
48、 fact or fiction? 这个故事是真事还是杜撰的？in fact 实际上，其实：I thought the lecture would be boring but in fact it was rather interesting. 我原以为这一讲座很无聊，但实际上很有趣。factory5fAktErI n.C工厂：Their factory is located at the foot of the mountain. 他们的工厂坐落在山脚下。/ The factory has ceased making bicycles. 工厂已停止制造自行车。fadefeId vi.1.(使)褪色，(颜色)消退，声音变弱：My jeans faded when they were washed. 我的牛仔裤洗后褪色了。2.渐渐消失，变虚弱：All memory of her childhood
