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1、完成句子一、命题特点1. 语法覆盖面广、粗略统计已涉及了20 多种语法现象及固定句型，如there be句型、it occurred to sb. that等；2. 重点语法反复呈现，每年必考知识点：倒装、分词短语作状语、3. 一道题目中不只考察一种语法，多种语法现象交织在一起；4. 语境控制、答案精确客观、字数限制在五个单词以内；5. 紧密联系教材，许多题目在教材上能找到对应的雏形6. 对句子成分的分析是做好题目的关键，如2011 _ (比较这两把牙刷) and youll find the purple one is softer. (compare)，特别是分隔现象的使用；7. 常见词汇
2、的写法如：（scholarship，toothbrush）及不规则动词的写法必须掌握。二、考点归纳I动词的时态和语态 1动词时态语态往往与其它语法融合在一起高考试题回放：1. I havent the slightest idea _ _ (他正在说什么).(talk) -(HB-07年)2. He believes that children _ _ (应允许学习) at their own pace.(allow) -(HB-07年)3. _ _ (他是否出过国)doesnt make much difference.(he, abroad) -(HB-07年)4. With the ra
3、pid development of science and technology, I cant imagine _ _ _ （我的家乡会是什么样子）in ten years.（what）-(HB-08年)5. ._ _ _ _(任何计划了的事)is sure to change as we puts it into practice.(whatever) -(HB-09年)6. The news _ _ _ _ (房价将要下跌)has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices(fall) -(HB-10年)7. My m
4、other was so proud of all _ _ _ _ (我所做的)that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do) -(HB-10年)8. In response to the audiences great demand, the play _ _ in the theatre twice a week . (put) 应观众的强烈要求，这部戏将会在这个剧院每周上演两次。-(HB-12年)练习：1) This is the only one of the regions _ _ _ _ (遭受攻击)by the earthquak
5、e last year.(attack)2) The fact _ _ at West Point did not stop his rise up the ranks of the US Army. (reputation) 他在西点军校名声不好的事实没有阻止他在美国军队军衔的提升。3) The past thirty years _ _ in Chinas countryside. (see、witness) 过去的30年见证了农村的巨大变化。4) An awful accident _ _ . (happen) 一起可怕的事故确实在前几天发生。5) _ _ _(得到证实的事) in th
6、e investigation was a great shock to everybody related.(confirm)6) If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what _ _ _ _ （已发现）in science and technology. （discover ）7) There is much chance _ _ _ （比尔康复）his injury in time for the race. （recover）2 Already、just、yet、never、lately、recently、in/during/
7、over+ the last/past+时间、since 、up to now、so far、for+一段时间、in recent years等表示现在完成时的时间状语；by+过去时间、by the time+过去时间、before+过去时间、by the end of +过去时间等表示过去完成时的时间状语；by+将来时间表示将来完成时的句子。高考试题回放：1. .Last night, John was answering the letters that _ _ (寄给他的) during the past two weeks.(arrive) -(HB-07年)2. If times_
8、_ _ _(变了)，have our ways of thinking changed too?(change) -(HB-09年)3. Last nights 9 TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _ _ _ _ (未证实)yet(prove) -(HB-10年)练习：1) We Chinese do take pride in _ _ _(我们取得的成就)in the last ten years.(achieve)2) Mother wanted to be a good provider ,a role
9、_ _ _ _(她一直肩负着)since her marriage to father.(shoulder)3) By the time the police conclude the investigation, the truth of themurder _ _ _ _(会水落石出) (light)4) _ _ _（有巨大的增长）in the number of tele-workers in recent years and by 2100 it will have risen to 85%. (growth)3经常考查现在进行时的被动语态 现在进行时表示一种赞扬或评的感情色彩，现在进
10、行时表示将来时用于一些位移发生改变的词语；经常考查过去进行时以及被动语态；将来进行时表示在将来的某个时刻正要发生的动作，如at this time tomorrow、this time next week。高考试题回放：1. At present, lots of food, water, tents, and medicine _ _ _ _（正在运往）from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas.（transport）-(HB-08年)练习：1) -Has Li Lei f
11、inished his work?-I have no idea, but he _ _ _ _(做实验)when I saw him this morning.(conduct)2) This time tomorrow，we_ _ _ _(在听)a lecture by a visiting professor from aboard.(listen)4.For+一段时间若表示的在过去发生的动作，和现在没有联系时只能用过去时。1) -You speak good French！-Thanks. I_ _ _ _(学了法语)in Sichuan University for four yea
12、rs then I went to France.(study)5. 时间、条件状语从句中通常用现在时表示将来时；祈使句加and、or再加上将来时的句子。高考试题回放：1. _ _ _ _（比较这两把牙刷）and youll find the purple one is softer（compare）-(HB-11年)练习：arouse1) If the building project to be completed by the end of this month _ _ _(推迟)，the construction company will be fined.(delay)2) _ _
13、_ _(产生问题)if you dont know enough about the mountain you are climbing.(arise)3) One more step backward, _ _ _ _ （你会掉进） the pool（fall）4) _ _ _ （全心投入）your job and finally you will succeed（devote）6.主动形式表示被动意义系动词look、feel、sound、smell、taste、seem、appear、go、prove、turn（颜色、数字、零冠词的名词）+形容词或者名词；表示主语的某种属性的词:read、
14、write、act、cut、draw、drive、sell、wash、clean、wear/open、cook、lock、shut等。例：The door wontlock.This coat dries easily. The plan worked out wonderfully. The engine wont start. The pen writes smoothly.1) A product_ _ _ _(会更畅销)if promoted with a slogan.II.非谓语动词高考试题回放：1. They sat together around the table, with
15、 _ _ (门关着)。（shut）-(HB-07年)2. _ _ _(获得奖学金) gave Martin the chance to go to a college in one of the northern states.(win) -(HB-09年)3. _ _ _ (油漆成)red，the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive(paint) -(HB-10年)4. _ _ _ (不会用)a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his acade
16、mic research(use) -(HB-10年)5. After she completes the project，shell have _ _ _ _ (没什么要担心的)(worry) -(HB-10年)6. _ _ _（没有必要）call me when you arriveJust come up to my houseIll be at home all day.（there）-(HB-11年)7. It was cold and dump, the man pulled up his collar and put his hands to his_ _ _ _（冻僵了的脸.（
17、freeze）-(HB-11年)8. _ _ _ _（把钥匙握在手上），he looked for them everywhere（hold）-(HB-11年)9. With _ _ , some animals are facing the danger of dying out. (cut) 由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险. -(HB-12年)10. Popularly _ _ American films ever made, The Godfather is a milestone of cinema. (regard) 教父被普遍认为是美19有史以来址好的影片之
18、一，是电形界的一个里程碑。-(HB-12年)1.过去分词做状语是一般位于句首，而且该动词和句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系；某些过去分词已经被形容词化了，往往用于系表结构中，既不表示被动也不表示完成只表示一种状态。如：lost 、seated、 absorbed、dressed in、tired of（厌倦）、hidden（躲）等，不管做什么成分都不用ing形式。1) _ _ _(专心读书)，he didnt notice me enter the room.(absorb)2) _ _ ,（穿着白色的制服） he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
19、(dress) 3) _ _ _ some naughty children. 有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。(hidden)4) _ _ _(坐在教室后面) several old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher. (seat)5) _ _ (被提醒不要错过) the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. (remind)2.现在分词作状语时，该动词和句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。Doing表示一般性动作或者正在进行的动作；ha
20、ving done则表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，通常有表示完成的时间状语，Not 必须放在V-ing之前。1) Dina, _ _ _ _(奔波)for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(struggle)2) When _ _ _ _(比较不同的文化)，we often pay attention to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(compare)3) _ _
21、_ _(没有完全康复)from the operation，the patient was advised to stay in hospital for other two weeks.(recover)4) All the officials _ _ _( 已经到了), the meeting was declared open. (arrive)5) The secretary forgot to type her business letter, _ _ _ _（集中注意力去阅读）an interesting report（focus/ fix）3Ving 作主语相当于一个名词,有被动
22、being done和否定not doing/not being done的形式。Ving作宾语常放在admit、appreciate、avoid、cant help、delay、escape、imagine、suggest、be devoted to、be accustomed/used to、look forward to、object to、lead to、insist on、make a contribution to、get down to、cant stand、have difficulty （in）、have a good time （in） 等，若表示被动就用being don
23、e的形式。动词need、want、require表示需要时后面加Ving的主动形式表示被动意义，be worth 也是如此。1) _ _ _(解雇)by one company doesnt necessarily mean that you have no way to support yourself.(lay)2) _ _ _(暴露于)sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.(expose)3) Can you imagine what difficulty people had this year _ _ _(抵抗)se
24、veral natural disasters？（resist）4) In 1898, O Henry was accused of _ _ (偷了钱) from the bank where he once worked and as a consequence was put into prison for several months. (take)4.过去分词作宾补时，句中的宾语和动词之间存在动宾关系；现在分词做宾补时，动词和宾语之间存在主谓关系；不定式做宾补表示将来。1) With many books _ _ _ _(出版)，he became more and more famo
25、us.(come)2) With _ _ _(如此多的工作充斥着)my mind，I am stressed out.(fill)3) Keeping the mind _ _ (充满工作) - no matter how meaninglessstaves off (避开) negative emotions, the study found. (occupy) 4) _ _ _ （随着时间推移）, we become older but wiser. （with, go ）5) All the bodies discovered had gunshot wounds _ _ _ _（手被绑
26、在身后）（with）5当我们确定是非谓语作定语时，必须判断动词和所修饰的名词的关系（若是动宾关系，过去分词表被动或者完成，being done表示正在被做，to be done表示将要被做）。1) Im not sure if I can attend the wedding ceremony _ _ _ _(举行)at 8 oclock tomorrow morning.(hold)2) There were many talented actors out there just _ _ _ _ (等待被发现)（discover）3) Many buildings in the city n
27、eed repairing，but the one _ _ _ _(首先要修的)is the library.(repair)4) Play ,often _ _ _ _(视为一种活动)for younger children，is still important in the social development of teenagers.(see)5) Im afraid well have to work extra hours，for there are still some problems_ _ _ _(剩下要解决)（remain）6) Teleworking means peop
28、le save time previously _ _ _ _-(花在旅行上班)and allows them to be more flexible in working hours.(spend)6.have sth done=get sth done表示让某事由被人去做have sth done还可以表示主语遭受了某种情况have sb/sth doing表示让某人、某物持续地做某事get sb/sth doing表示使某人、物开始行动起来have sb do =get sb to do表示让某人去做某事have sth to do 主语有事需要自己做have sth to be don
29、e 主语有事需要别人来完成高考试题回放：1. Youd better go and _ _ _ _（把你的轿车洗洗）-(HB-08年).No, Ill do it myself.（wash）练习：1) In many countries people can _ _ _ _(让人送货) to their home. (deliver)2) Lucy was much annoyed to find the computer _ _ _ _(她让人修理了)several times broke down again when she returned to her office and got
30、down to her work.(repair)III.名词性从句主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句 (NMET2011湖北卷76题)高考试题回放：1. _ _ _ _（我成长的）is very hot and damp in summer.（grow）-(HB-08年)2. _ _ _ _（令球迷欣喜的）was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament（delight）-(HB-11年)3. Things arent always _ _ (appear) 事情往往不是它们看上去的那
31、样。-(HB-12年)1.that和what的区别：当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时，往往选that；而what意为“的（东西）”在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。1) News came from the school office _ _ _ _(他已被录取)Beijing university.(admit)2) She is very dear to us .We have been prepared to do _ _ _ _ (不惜一切代价)to save her life.(take)3) _ _ _ _(他说了)something improper at the meeting sur
32、prised all of us.(say)4) Janes reply to the boss_ _ _ （他所做的与不一致）what he said, makes Mr. Candy extremely angry.(fit)5) The chief manager has decided to put_ _ _ _(凡是他认为精力充沛的)，and has good qualities in the position of the leadership of the company.（whoever）2.if只能引导宾语从句whether和可以引导主语、表语、同位语从句。1) The pa
33、tients son asked the doctor the question _ _ _ _(他的父亲是否会幸免)the big operation.(survive)2. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气高考试题回放：1. After circling around the earth for three days,Shenzhou Spaceship received the command from the ground that _ _ _（它着陆）as scheduled the next day.(land) -(HB-09年)2. Mr. Johnson insisted that t
34、he problem worthy of attention _ _ _ (讨论)at the meeting. (discuss) -(HB-10年)练习：1) After the Philippines hostage-taking incident ,the Chinese government demanded that the problems referred to _ _ _ _(特别注意)（pay）2) The order came that the medical supplies _ _ _(送往)Yunnan for the victims there.(send)4.I
35、t doesnt matter to sb +how/whether或者It makes no difference to sb +how/whether结构中的主语从句不能提到句首。1) _ a teacher is not organized. （matter） 假如一个老师不是很有条理，那没有关系。2) It is of no matter where the Christmas party _. (hold) 圣诞节晚会在哪里举行无所谓5.名词性从句的分隔现象1) Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _
36、_ _ _ (他不得不)meet his uncle at the airport.(have)2) The data suggests that what successful language learners have in common is, among other things, _ _ (他们愿意) take chances and confident in their ability. (willing)IV.情态动词和虚拟语气(NMET2011湖北卷75题)1.区别不同的情态动词的意思特别是will、would“会”、must“一定”cant、couldnt “不可能”sho
37、uld“竟然、按道理来说应该如此”1) Mike _ _ _ _(肯定不在打扫)the classroom now. I saw him playing basketball on the playground a moment ago.（clean）2) I cant imagine _ _ _ (竟然短缺)of water in Yunnan ，the southwest of China where there used to be adequate rain.(shortage)3) This kind of kite made of silk _ _ _ _ (不容易撕破), so
38、dont worry about it.(tear)2.对过去的动作进行推测用情态动词+have done 的形式; 对过去正在进行的动作进行推测用情态动词+have been doing的形式；对现在正在进行的动作推测用情态动词+be doing的形式。高考试题回放：1. It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he _ _ (可能参与) in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(hand)
39、 -(HB-07年)2. He looks sleepy. He must _ _ _（熬夜了）last night, writing the essay.（stay）-(HB-08年)3. Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent，but they _ _ _ (不可能做到)because the ocean in between is too wide(do) -(HB-10年)练习：1) Weve been wailing for you! You _ _ _ _(应该到) ten minutes earlie
