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1、1.冠词（4点）除复习冠词的基本用法外，其“例外”用法值得注意。1).表示“某一”的意思时，专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用a或an。例如：On a Saturday morning he got lost in the mountain.,2).a/an+名词+修饰性的定语从句或介词短语。例如：Mrs.Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for painting she has won two national prizes.（2005浙江）a;a B.an;the C.an;a D.the;a,又如：For him _ stage
2、is just _ means of making a living.(2006山东)a;a B.the;a C.the;the D.a;the 3).在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指，完全看语境的暗示。例如：I knocked over my coffee cup.It went right over _ keyboard.You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer.(2006北京)A.the;不填 B.the;a C.a;不填 D.a;a,The stage 影员职业;go on the stage 从事影艺职业;on stage 在演出,4).mus
3、ic、nature、society前通常不用冠词，除非特指。例如：I know you dont like _ music very much.But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday?(2006全国III)/;/B.the;the C.the;/D./;the,2.形容词、副词（3点）1).几个形容词作定语的排序问题。理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的定语，其排列顺序是：描绘形容词+大小(长短高低)形容词+形状形容词+年龄(新旧)形容词+颜色形容词+国籍形容词+材料形容词+用途(类别)形容词+名词。,例如：Th
4、is _ girl is Linds cousin.(2005北京)A.pretty little Spanish B.Spanish little prettyC.Spanish pretty little D.little pretty Spanish,2).绝不能忽略less、least及worse,worst等表示“更少”、“最少”、“更糟”、“最糟”等概念的比较级和最高级的使用。例如：Alan is a careful driver,but he drives _ of my friends.（2007上海）more carefullyB.the most carefullyC.le
5、ss carefully D.the least carefully,3).cannottoo无论也不过分/cannotmore再不过了。例如：Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course.You can never be _ careful with that.(2005江西)enough B.too C.so D.very Go for a picnic this weekend,OK?_.I love getting close to nature.(2004福建)A.I couldnt agree more B.Im afraid no
6、tC.I believe not D.I dont think so,3.代词(2点),指代词指一种情况:例如：Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(2006山东)A.that B.it C.this D.you 又如：I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET1998)A.it B.that C.these D.them,2).one、the one都可以作同位语。被说明的名词为特指时，同位语用the one，反之则用one
7、。例如：My most famous relative of all,_ who really left his mark on America,was Rob Sussel,my great grandfather.（2006江苏）one B.the one C.he D.someone,4.动词的时态（4点）1).时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词可以用完成时替代将来时。例如：_ leave at the end of this month.I dont think you should do that until _ another job.(2006北京)Im going to;youd
8、found B.Im going to;youve foundC.Ill;youll find D.Ill;youd find,2).一般过去时可以与段时间连用。例如：I _ in London for many years,but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China.（2006重庆）A.lived B.was living C.have lived D.had lived,3).It is/was the first/second time+完成时。例如：Do you know our town at all
9、?No,this is the first time I _ here.(NMET91)was B.have been C.came D.am coming,4).表示思维的动词，如：think、want、hope、plan、intend、mean、suppose等可以用过去完成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的情况。例如：Ouch!You hurt me!I am sorry.But I _ any harm.I _ to drive a rat out.（2007江西）didnt mean;tried B.dont mean;am tryingC.havent meant;tried D.did
10、nt mean;was trying,5.情态动词（2点）1).表示猜测、推测：must用在肯定句中；can,could用在疑问句中；may,might,can,could用在肯定句或否定句中。may、might侧重从事实的角度做出猜测，而can、could则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。,例如：Helen _ go on the trip with us,but she isnt quite sure yet.（2005安徽）shall B.must C.may D.can 又如：Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harry
11、s.He always wears green.(2005广东)has to be B.will be C.mustnt be D.could be,2).表示埋怨、责怪：should(not)+have done ought(not)to+have done could+have done neednt+have done例如：My cats really fat.You _ have given her so much food.（2007浙江）wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.mustnt,6.非谓语动词(7点),1)非谓语动词的基本概念:例如：There h
12、ave been several new events _ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.(2006北京)A.add B.to addC.adding D.added,2)英汉结构的差异:如：Dont sit there _ nothing.Come and help me with this table.（2006湖北)A.do B.to do C.doing D.and doing,3).非谓语动词的时间差 to do表示经常、将要或正在进行的动作，to be doing强调正在进行,to have done则表示已经发
13、生的动作。doing表示经常或正在进行的动作，having done表示已经完成的动作。done表示已经完成的动作。,4)非谓语动词的辩义:例如：_ this cake,youll need 2 eggs,175 g sugar and 175 g flour.(2006广东)A.Having made B.Make C.To make D.Making 再如：,5)非谓语的时间差:After he became conscious，he remembered _ and _on the head with a rod(2006江西)A.to attack;hit Bto be attacke
14、d；to be hit C.attacking；be hit D.having been attacked；hit,6).独立主格结构 独立主格结构的构成形式；独立主格结构的逻辑主语。例如：The children went home from the grammar school,their lessons _ for the day.（2007重庆）A.finishing B.finishedC.had finished D.were finished又如：,John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work _,he gladl
15、y accepted it.（2007安徽）A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished 再如：Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry.With so much work _ my mind,I almost break down.（2007福建）A.filledB.fillingC.to fillD.being filled,7).非谓语动词作状语为已知条件，在选择句子时，要考虑句子的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系。例如：Faced with a bill
16、 for$10,000,_.(2006全国II)A.John has taken an extra job B.the boss has given John an extra jobC.an extra job has been taken D.an extra job has been given to John,8).下列动词短语中的to为介词：object to be/get used tobe dedicated to（专注于）be devoted to look forward to contribute to pay attention to be adjusted to（适应于
17、）be adapted to（适合于）get down tostick to prefer to,例如：Isnt it time you got down to_ the papers?（2006重庆）A.mark B.be marked C.being marked D.marking,9).现在分词、不定式都可以作结果状语的区别。例如：He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out.(2006全国II)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told
18、又如：We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,_ that all children like these things.(2006全国III)thinking B.think C.to think D.thought,10).need/want/require/deserve+doing/to be done例如：As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area _.（2007陕西）A.need repair
19、ing B.needs to repairC.needs repairingD.need to repair,7.名词性从句与定语从句的辨析(4点),1).what不能引导定语从句。例如：You can only be sure of _ you have at present;you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.（2007安徽）A.that;what B.what;/C.which;that D./;that,2).as、which在引导非限定性定语从句时的异同点。例如：The owner of the
20、cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running,_ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（2006江苏）A.who B.that C.as D.which,3).where可以引导地点状语从句。例如：Mom,what did your doctor say?He advised me to live_ the air is fresher.(2006四川)A.in where B.in which C.the place
21、where D.where 又如：If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own,please do as the Romans do.（2006天津）A.in which B.what C.when D.where,4).当先行词是situation、point、case时，定语从句由关系副词where引导。例如：After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.（2007江西）A.that
22、 B.what C.which D.where又如：Today,well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.（2007陕西）A.whichB.as C.whyD.where,8.动词及动词短语辨义:（江苏卷,2008）31.Im still working on my project.Oh,youll miss the deadline.Time is _.A.running outB.going outC.giving outD.losing out,Key:A
23、,9.介词例:（北京卷）33.If you really have to leave during the meeting,youd better leave _ the back door.A.for B.by C.across D.out,Key:B,10.连词例:(四川卷)12.In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children.A.but B.while C.because D.though,Key:B,11.交际用语:例:（江苏卷,2008）26.It
24、shouldnt take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.Thats right._.A.Many hands make light workB.Something is better than nothingC.The more the merrierD.The sooner begun,the sooner done,Key:A,12.句型（9个）1.It isthat/who2.It isbefore3.It issince 4.Its the first/second time 5.It is not untilthat,6.Its time 7.祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句 8.祈使句+and+陈述句 9.表示“倍数”的常用句型：A is times as+原级+as B A is times+the+名词+of B A is times+比较级+than B,
