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1、专题二 说明文型语法填空,专题二说明文型语法填空,专题二 专题导读,说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态，或事物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。其语言特点有：1多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释。2采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。分析句子结构是答题过程中很关键的一步。做题时，首先确定句子的主谓宾成分，看看该句子缺不缺谓语动词，然后再考虑非谓语动词或者其他成分。此时，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要填入词语的词性、形式和功能等。,专题二 典例导练,The air
2、we breathe is freely available,without which we could not survive more than a few minutes.For the most part,air is available to everyone,and everyone _1_(need)it.Some people use the air to sustain them while _2_(seat)around and feel sorry for themselves._3_ breathe in the air and use the energy it p
3、rovides to make_4_ magnificent life.Opportunity is_5_ the same way;it is everywhere.It is_6_freely available that we take it for granted.Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success,it must_7_(seize)and acted upon in order to have value.So many people are so anxious to“get in”on a,专题二 典例导练,
4、“ground floor opportunity”，as if the opportunity will do all the work thats _8_(possible)Just as you need air to breathe,you need opportunity to succeed.It takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity,_9_.You must make use of it.Thats not up to the opportunity,thats up to you.It do
5、esnt matter what“floor”the opportunity is on,but _10_ matters is what you do with it.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._,专题二 典例导练,【解析】1needs考查主谓一致，由全文时态可知用一般现在时，everyone后用第三人称单数。2seated过去分词作伴随状语，相当于“while they are seated”。3Others句型：some.others.4a表示“一种奇妙的生活”，是泛指，故用不定冠词a。5inin the way是固定搭配。,专题二 典例导练,6so句型：so
6、.that.7be seized依据上下文的理解，可知句意表示“有机遇必须抓住，你才能成功”。8impossible依据上下文和构词法，此处应为“不可能的”，故用“impossible”。9however/though插入语，意为“然而”。10what引导主语从句且在句中作主语，故用what。,专题二 新题预测,(一)Two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil.The first seed said,“I want to grow!I want to send my roots deep into the soil _1_ me,
7、and thrust my sprouts(芽)_2_ the earths crust above me.I want to open my tender buds(蓓蕾)like banners to announce the _3_(arrive)of spring.I want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水)on my petals(花瓣)！”And so she grew.The second seed said,“I am afraid.If I sen
8、d my roots into the ground below,I dont know what I _4_(come)across in the dark.If I push my way through,专题二 新题预测,the hard soil above me,I may damage my delicate sprouts.What if I let my buds open and a snail(蜗牛)tries _5_(eat)them?And _6_ I were to open my blossoms,_7_ small child may pull me from t
9、he ground.No,it is much _8_(good)for me to wait _9_it is safe.”And so she waited.A yard hen scratching around in the early spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate _10_.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._,专题二 新题预测,【解析】两颗种子的故事，告诉我们惧怕冒险和成长，最终要被生活吞没。1beneath介词，意为“在之下”与下文的above相对。2thro
10、ugh介词，意为“穿过”。3arrival在冠词后用名词。4will come对未来的预测，句意为：我不知道在黑暗之中将会遇到什么。5to eat因try表示“试图做某事”，后接不定式。6ifif引导虚拟条件句。7a表示泛指的“某一个”小孩，故用不定冠词a。,专题二 新题预测,8better隐性比较级，即“等”比“长”好得多。句中much也提示我们要用比较级，因为much常用来修饰比较级，表示“得多”。9until意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句。10itit指代前文中的the waiting seed。,专题二 新题预测,(二)What would you do if you failed?M
11、any people may choose to give up._1_,the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick _2_ your goal.On your way to success,you _3_ keep your direction.It is just like a lamp,guiding you in darkness and _4_(help)you overcome obstacles on your way._5_,you will easily get lost or hesitate
12、to go ahead.Direction means objectives.You can get nowhere _6_ an objective in life.,专题二 新题预测,You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve _7_.Only in this way _8_ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time _9_(proper)And you should also have a belief _10
13、_ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._,专题二 新题预测,【解析】本文告诉我们，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标。1However与前句是转折关系，空格前后都有标点，用副词however。2tostick to意为“坚持”。3must由语境不难揣摸出作者的语气，句意为：在通往成功的路上，你必须坚持你的方向。4helping与guiding并列，一起补充说明a lamp，故用现在分词。5Otherwise由本句与前句的逻
14、辑关系可知，要填表示“否则”的otherwise。,专题二 新题预测,6without句意：人生如果没有目标，你将一事无成。7itit指代your objective。8will/can句意：只有这样，你才会知道 9properly修饰动词spend作状语用副词。10that引导同位语从句，从句中不缺句子成分，且意义完整，故填that。,专题二 新题预测,(三)It happened that a dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying _1_ home in his mouth.Now,_2_ his way home he had to c
15、ross a plank lying _3_a running brook._4_ he crossed,he looked _5_ and saw his own shadow _6_(reflect)in the water beneath.Thinking it was _7_ dog with another piece of meat,he made up his mind to have that also.So he made a snap at _8_ shadow in the water,_9_ as he opened his mouth the piece of mea
16、t fell out,_10_(drop)into the water and was never seen more.Beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow.,专题二 新题预测,1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._,专题二 新题预测,【解析】这则狗和影子的故事，告诫我们：切莫因追逐幻影而丢失已有的东西。1it指代a piece of meat，故用it。2on表示“在某人回家的路上”用on ones way home。3across表示“横过”河流或道路等细长的东西或操场等一个平面的东西，用介词across。4As/When表示“当时候”。5down因“向下看”才能看到水中的影子，故用down。6reflected因shadow与reflect是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。,专题二 新题预测,7another指它以为是“另一条狗”。8the特指水中的“那个”影子，故用定冠词the。9but前后是转折关系。10dropped与opened,was seen是并列关系，三个先后发生的动作应当用同一时态，故drop也用一般过去时，故填dropped。,
