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1、初中英语重点词汇和短语知识回答问题answeraquestionansweronesletter回信lookat看lookafter照顾，照看，保管lookfor寻找lookup抬头看；查询looklike看起来像lookover仔细检查；浏览lookaround四处看lookout小心，当心lookthrough翻阅inthelastfewdays/weeks在最后的几天/星期familyn.家；家庭成员集体名词。指“家庭”时，相当于单数，指“家人”时，相当于复数。类似的名词还有：class,grade,group,team,party,watchsb.doingsth.观察某人在做某事as
2、etof一套；玩电子游戏为而感谢underthetree/table在树/桌下onthetable,onMay4th,onSundayevening,aspeechonpollution有关污染的演讲bringto taketoneedtodo.需要做notneedtodo不需要做.needntdo不必做needsb.todosth.需要某人做have/makesb.dosth.使某人做某事havesth.done让某事被做letsb.dosth.让某人做某事sound听起来v.look看起来smell闻起来taste尝起来collectstamps收集邮票collection收藏（物），收集
3、（物）everyfourdays每四天everyotherday每隔一天.注：一日三餐名称前一般不用冠词，如：have/eat breakfast/lunch/supper/dinnerkeep/stayheathy保持健康beingood/badhealth健康状况好/不好makeconversatios进行交谈have/holdaconversation进行对话theother=theother+单数：(两者)另一个others=other+复数：别的（人或物）theothers=theother+复数：其余的（全部）another+单数：（同类人或事物中的）另一个，howmuch（价格、
4、量）多少（不可数）Howmuchmeatdoyouwant?howmany（数量）多少（可数）Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?(be)onsale销售，打折出售helpsb.withsth. helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事givesb.ahelp帮某人一下（=dosb.afavor/givesb.ahand）can/canthelp(to)do能/不能帮助做can/canthelpdoing.忍得住/忍不住wanttodosth.wantsb.todosth.Hereyouare.给你 forexample例如setagood/badexa
5、mpleforsb.为某人树立好/坏的榜样buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.atalow/highprice以低/高的价格Whatsthepriceof?Thepriceoftheclothesishigh.价格与高低搭配can/cantafford(todo)sth.支付得起（做）某事/物的费用seesb./sth.dosth.观看/看某人/物做某事seesb./sth.doingsth.（无意地）看到sellsth.(tosb.)fromto从到have/takealook(at)看一看；看一眼feelsorryforsb.替某人感到惋惜/难过feelsorryabout(d
6、oing)sth.因做某事而歉疚saysorrytosb.对某人表示歉意besorrytodosth.对做某事而感到遗憾/难过/歉疚besorry+that从句：抱歉Whatsthedatetoday?今天几号？What day is it today?今天星期几？givebirthto出生，诞生howold多大年纪；几岁howmany多少？（可数）howmuch多少？（不可数）have/giveaspeechgotoa/themovie去看电影=gotothecinemaakindof一种different/allkindsof各种各样的kindof(=sortof)有点儿，有几分，find
7、sb./sth.doing发现某人/物在thinkof/about(doing)sth.想到考虑Whatdoyouthinkofthefood?thinkover仔细考虑；认真考虑thinkit+adj.+todo认为做某事是的Ithinkitnecessarytostayherewaitingforthem.learnfrom向学习learnbyoneself(=teachoneself)自学learnof了解到learnabout学习/学会有关.的知识successfuladj.成功的successn.成功succeedv.获得成功+in(doing)sth.joinsb.加入某人的行列，
8、join+集体名词：加入某个团体或组织，成为其中一员joinin参加活动takepartin参加活动并起到积极作用speaktosb.(上对下，老对幼)说话，谈话speak+语言：说语言playtheviolin拉小提琴注：演奏乐器时，乐器名称前用the7littleadj.少许的；少量的（否定，不可数）alittle少量；稍许（肯定，不可数）fewadj./pron.少，少数（否定，可数）afew几个，少许（肯定，可数）Whynotdo?何不?Whydonyyou/wedo?我们何不?asusual象往常一样teethn.(tooth的复数形式)牙齿foot-feet足，脚；英尺goose-
9、geese鹅getto到达+n.gethome/there/here到家/那里/这里Bestwishestoyou!祝你好运assoonas一.就assoonassb.can尽可能快assoonaspossible尽快soonerorlater迟早make/haveasurveybecauseconj.因为（后接从句）becourseof因为（后接名词、代词等）haveawordwithsb.和某人说几句话inaword总之，一句话说inotherwords换句话说，bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事bestrictwithsb.对某人要求严格best
10、rictin(doing)sth.在某事上严格要求be/gettiredof厌倦asksb.(not)todosth.askaquestionalotof=lotsof许多；大量可数：=many,anumberof,quiteafew,manya不可数=much,plentyof,agreatdealofinoneslifealloneslifeinthecountry在乡下payforsth.为付款paytosb.forsth.为向某人付款therebe.+介词短语（某地或某时有某物，表示存在）nearthehouse在房子附近acrossfrom在-对面nextto紧靠-的旁边;贴近;最接
11、近infrontof在-前面13.behind在-之后fallbehind落于之后ontheleft/right(sideof)在（的）左/右边godown沿往下走；turndown调低（音量），breakdown出故障；弄坏；enjoy(doing)sth.喜欢做某事enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快（=haveagoodtime,havefun）go/getthrough通过,经由lookthrough彻底检查；翻阅havefun玩得开心havefundoingsth.arrivein/at到达passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.递给某人passaway去世；过世ho
12、pev.希望;盼望;期待+（todo）sth./that从句atnight在晚上;在夜里.onthenightof在的夜里besure+that从句：确信；肯定besureof+sth.确信；肯定makesure（+that从句）确认；确定waitfor等候;等待waittodo等着做onvacation在度假中takeaphoto（ofsb.）拍照talkabout谈论;讨论;议论inorderto为了.inorder+that从句mediumheight中等身高bepopularwith受欢迎stop(doing)sth.停止（做）某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事remember
13、todo记得去做rememberdoing记得做过notanymore(=nomore)不再notanylonger(=nolonger)Hedoesntsinganymore/anylongeraftertheaccident.(=Henolongersingsaftertheaccident.).sayv.讲（+说话的内容）tellvt.告知；讲（故事、笑话等）speak说（语言）；speakto对说话、演讲talk(相互)交谈（+to/with）wouldlike(todo)sth.想要（做），愿意=want(todo)sth.想要（做）某事；Whatsthereasonfor(doin
14、g)sth.Thereason+why引导的定语从句Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathedidntcatchtheearlybus.他迟到的原因是他没有赶上早班车。stayathome呆在家里stayhealthy/calm/still保持健康/冷静/静止不动dosomereading/shopping/cleaning阅读/购物practicev.练习;实践+（doing）sth.atpresent目前inthepastfewdays/weeks/months.在刚刚过去的几天/几星期/几个月spend(+time)doingsth.spend(+money)onsth
15、.spend(+time&money)+indoingsth.goforawalk去散步Itistimeto该是-的时候了gocamping去宿营makesb./sth.do使做decide(not)todo决定（不）做mind(doing)sth.介意（做）某事Doyoumindmysmokinghere?agreewithsb.同意某人的看法=agreeto+sb.bytheendof到末为止putaway收拾、整理；收好putdown放下；几下；让下车puton穿/戴上（衣帽鞋等）putoff（doingsth.）推迟putout扑灭putup搭起，支起；举起；张贴fightwith与打
16、斗/斗争；fightagainst对抗；反抗haveto不得不;必须（客观）elseadj.adv.其他的;别的;另外的（放在被修饰的单词后面）sth.elseinonesopinion以某人之见howoften多久一次（对频率提问）howsoon多快；过多久（某动作发生）howlong多久（对时间和长度提问）howmany多少（可数）howmuch多少（不可数）；（价格）多少（不可数）howfar多远（对距离提问）goshoppingdotheshoppingsurftheInternet上网resultin导致结果asaresult结果askfor请求,carefor关心；在意gofor追
17、求，lookfor寻找，searchfor搜寻，beusedfor被用作befor支持，赞同asfor至于;关于beingood/badhealth处良好/不好的健康状况developagood/badhabit养成好/坏习惯trytodosth.努力/尽力做某事try(doing)sth.尝试做某事haveatry试一试lookthesame看起来相同/相似thesameas与相似asas象一样（之间用形容词、副词原形）notso/asas不如bedifferentfromhavedifferencefromkeep+adj.保持keepbusykeepsb.doing是某人不断地做What
18、sthemater(withsb./sth.)(某人或物)怎么了？mattervi.事关重大；紧要Doesitmatterifyoudontdothework?.haveacold患感冒threedaysagosodeeply/nice/good/much,so+adj.+a/an+n.soniceaflower=suchaniceflowersothat.如此以至于(so+adj./adv.)Iwentthereyesterday,sodidTom.Theylikesports,sodowe.inaway某种程度上intheway挡道ontheway在路上inthis/that/theway
19、以这种/那种方法/方式(come)thisway这边走beangrywithsb.=bemadatsb.对某人生气beangryfor因而生气staycalm保持冷静staystill保持静止不动26.important重要的;重大的atthemoment此时;现在foramoment过一会儿notuntil直到才Hedidntstopworkinguntilitwasgettingverylate.他直到很晚才停止工作。Unit3gocamping去野营plantodo计划去做theplanfor对的计划getback回来；取回gosightseeing去观光befamous/knownfo
20、r因而著名befamous/knownas作为而著名takeavacation去度假leavefor/leavefor动身去/离开前往辨析：Heforgothisbookathome.(错)Helefthisbookathome.(对)inthecountryside在乡下；在农村innature在自然界getclosetonature贴近大自然forgettodo忘了去做forgetdoing忘记做过finish(doing)sth.结束（做）某事Ittakes/took/willtake(sb.)+时间（+todosth.）meansoftransportation交通工具dependon
21、视而定;决定于worryabout担心beworried(about)(为)担心的lookaround四处看lookforwardto(doing)sth.盼望lookout(of)向（）外面看lookover仔细检查lookthrough翻阅；翻找lookup抬头看；查询lteachsb.alesson给某人一个教训gototheconcert去听音乐会thedayaftertomorrow后天invitesb.tothewholenight整夜comeover顺便来访freetime可自由支配的时间freedomn.自由meantodosth.意图meandoingsth.意味着incom
22、mon共同(的);共有(的)havemuch /little/alittle/nothingincommonbegoodat擅长;在方面做得好begoodto对态度好begoodfor对有益laughat嘲笑makesb.laugh使某人笑atmost最多；至多.beat打败;战胜;超过vt. Beat sb in sth 在.方面打败carefor照顾；照料careabout关心，在意，担心Idontcare.我无所谓。.turnon打开(电器、自来水、煤气等)turnoff关上（电器、自来水、煤气等）cutup切碎pourinto倒入;倾入mixup混合在一起add.to.把加到上hang
23、out闲逛；游荡winthefirstprize获得第一名intheend最后attheendof在的末尾；在结束时sleeplate睡过头;起得晚go for a drive 去开车兜风haveaday/threedaysoff休息一天/三天inthefuture在将来出生于;beborn(in/on)Iwasborninavillageinthe1970s.Mybabywillbebornin6weeks.HewasbornonFeb.12th.beborn+adj.天生就goldmedal金牌takepart（in）参加;参与becauseof因为;由于(+名词、短语或从句)becaus
24、e（+从句）比较：Imherebecauseofyourillness.Imherebecauseyouareill.Hewaslatebecauseoftheheavyrain.Hewaslatebecausetherainwasheavy.majorin主修;专研growup成长;长大.computerscience计算机科学dreamof梦想；渴望dreamabout梦到;梦见.atthesametime同时holdon别挂断（电话等）berichin富含;富有.bebornrichallover到处;遍及各处communicate(with)(与)沟通;交流communicationn
25、.交流；交通exchangestudent交换生Unit11dothedishes洗餐具sweep(swept,swept）the floor扫地takeout the trash倒垃圾fold clothes叠衣服makeonesbed(或makethebed)整理床铺.livingroom起居室;客厅workon从事;忙于dochores处理琐事;干家务dothelaundry洗衣服borrowfrom向借用lendto借给(=lendsb.sth.)takecareof照看;照顾=lookafterontheradio通过无线电n.beofhigh/good/low/badquality
26、质量（好/坏）的talentshow才艺表演；达人秀.enough充足的;充分的adj.adj./adv.+enough 足够地.enough+名词 足够的inspace在太空;gouptospacespacestation空间站fallinlovewith爱上falldown跌倒；落下；掉下falloff从掉下live alone独居feellonely感觉孤独beableto有能力做某事、会做某事dresssb.给穿衣get/bedressed穿上衣服dressup打扮even+比较级甚至更predictv.预报；预言predictionn.预言；预测cometrue实现；达到ahundr
27、ed;threehundred; (many)hundredsof大量、许多makeup编造；形成；bemadeupof由组成bemadeof由制成/构成makesb.dosth.使某人做某事make+sb./sth.+adj.使得某人或某物bemadetodo被要求/迫使suchthat如此以至注：such(+a/an+adj.)+n.Heissuchakindmanthatheiswillingtohelpanybodyinneed.sothat如此以至注：so+adj./adv.或so+adj.+a/an+n.Heissokindthatheiswillingtohelpanybodyi
28、nneed.=Heissokindamanthatheiswillingtohelpanybodyinneed.get bored变得厌烦somewhere/anywhere/nowhereinteresting(注意interesting的位置)anelectricguitar一支电吉他(sb./sth.)seemtodo某人/物似乎要Itseemsthat(从句)似乎；Seem +adj keepout不让进入keepaway(from)(使)远离.arguewithsb.(over/aboutsth.)argumentn.争论Whatswrong?怎么了？dowrong做错事theres
29、 something wrong with sth。有问题outofstyle不时髦的，过时的Whatsthematter怎么了callsb.up打电话给onthephone用电话交谈；在通话pay(sb.)for(doing)sth.付款thesameas与同样的fail(in)sth.没成功做某事failtodosth.没有成功地做某事；没做成failuren.失败returnv.归还；送回=giveback/getback/comeback/gobacknotuntil直到才fitinto找到时间（做某事）asaspossible尽可能complain(tosb.)about.抱怨sen
30、tforsb.派人去请/去接某人allkindsof各种各样的comparewith/to与.比较/相比comparesb./sth.to把比作HeoftencopareshimselftoJayChou.becrazyabout对痴迷；醉心于.on(the)onehand（在）一方面on(the)otherhand（在）另一方面forfree免费buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.takeoff起飞whilea.当的时候(同时,接延续性动词)；b.然而(指两种情况的对比；不一定相反或相对)；c.虽然(用于句首)WillyouwashtheclotheswhileImcooking
31、?HelikesmathwhilehissisterlikesEnglish.Whilehelikesdrinkingwine,heneverdrinksitalone.Areyoukiddingme?(口语)你在开我玩笑吗？ride(rode,ridden)ride a bike骑车runaway逃跑；跑掉runout(of)用光，耗光happentodo碰巧happen to sb发生在某人身上takeplacevi.(按计划、安排等)发生hearabout/of听说getclosetonature.贴近大自然keep silent=keep in silenceonearth究竟onth
32、eearth在地球上bemadatsb.对某人发火.notanymoreadv.再也（不）,（不）再firstofall首先.passon传递besupposedtodo被要求;被期待dowellin在方面做得好.beingoodhealth身体健康be lucky to do sth 有幸去做某事.getover克服decide(not)todo决心去做某事makeadecisionto do sth决心去做某事haveaninfluenceon对有影响carefor照料；照顾careabout在乎；在意(be)indanger处于危险之中haveagreattime玩的愉快=havefun
33、=enjoyoneselftakeaway拿走aroundtheworld在世界各地.makealiving谋生beagainst反对；不支持fightagainst为反抗.而斗争；反抗allthetime一直.getinjured受伤explaintosb.forsth.为而想某人解释bytheway顺便；附带说说be/get/becomeinterestedin对感兴趣=have/show/take(an)interestinfaraway在远处UNIT7notatall一点也不turndown把调低；关小.rightaway立刻；马上=atonce/rightnowwaitinline排
34、队等候jumpthequeue插队=cutinline1be polite to sb对某人客气allowsb.todo允许某人做 sb be allowed to do sth某人被允许做某事allow doing sth允许做keepdown控制；抑制inpublic在公共场所；当众thepublic公众takecare当心；小心takecareof照顾；照料breakdown出故障breaktherule违反规则putout扑灭、熄灭（火）、关灯putdown放下；批评putoff推迟putaway收起putup举起；张贴.pickup捡起behave well表现好receivea g
35、ift from sb收到某人礼物acceptvt.接受Shereceivedalotofflowersfromthemanbutshedidntacceptthem.Read aloud大声读addto把加到上.endup结束;告终endupwith以结束endupdoing.结果；最终makemistakes/amistake犯错;出错Itdoesntmatter没关系beafraidtodo害怕去做某件具体的事情beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事beafraid+that从句.laughat嘲笑;取笑takenotes(of)做笔记;做记录beimpressedby/withsth.某人对某事印象深刻have trouble doing sth在某方面有困难lookup(在词典、参考书等
