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1、The Attributive Clause 高考总复习定语从句讲解与练习,2014.11.3,How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，of whichwherewhenwhy,关系代词,关系副词,主语或宾语,状语,限制性
2、定语从句的构成,The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teather whom I am looking for.I visited the factory where my father works.,关系代词 关系副词,先行词 之后,用陈述式语序,“.的”,关系词,1.从句位置及语序:,2.翻译方法:,3.构成,先行词和关系词的关系,1.A plane is a machine that can fly.2.The boy who broke
3、the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my home.,the machine=that,the boy=who,the boys=whose,in the school=where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The lady i
4、s Green.We saw her yesterday.,her,The lady,we saw yesterday is Green,Who/that,关系副词和先行词的关系,I still remember the day when I came here.This is the house where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.I dont like the way that you speak.,on the day=when,in the house=where,for th
5、e reasons=why,in the way=that,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,定语从句考点归纳,2.如何判断介词,3whose 的使用,4 as 的使用,1.that 与which,6 定语从句中的动词的数,5 when,where,why 与that,which 的区分,1.that 与which,1.Nothing _ can be done has been done.2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?,先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不
6、定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,1.This is the best TV _ is made in China.2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,1.that 与which,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last 修饰时,引导定语从句用th
7、at。,1.that 与which,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.2.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.,先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.,that,that,1.that 与which,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?,Who做先行词时，引导定语从
8、句用that,that,1.that 与which,1.Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,1.that 与which,whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与
9、 of which互换使用。,This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue.This is the book the cover of which is blue.,难用的 whose,The teacher praised the student.His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.,Join th
10、e following pair of sentences.,whose=the students,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,不能,能,.的,Teachers who
11、 are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：,限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。,非
12、限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。,The watch that I bought yesterday works well.Shakespeare,whose plays are very popular,was a great writer.,His son who is a doctor is now visiting the USA.His son,who is a doctor,is now visiting the USA.,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：,as 引导的非限制性定语从句,The
13、earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which/as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/as you see/as we planned/as we expected,定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的非限制性定语从句(1),This is the same pen as
14、 I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.,Please compare:,这支钢笔和我丢的那支一模一样。,这支钢笔就是我丢的那支。,as 引导的限制性定语从句(2),This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,P
15、lease complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句),介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The
16、 city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 3,Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,as 与which的区别,1.固定句型：The same.as;such.asI shall do it in the same way as
17、you did.I want to buy such a book as you have.2.说明整个句子，可放在主句前As we all know=As is known to all,he studies hard.As is said above,.As is often the case,.As is reported in the newspaper,.,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2.My mother has a good b
18、ook,which cover looks terrible.3.This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4.There is an old woman,that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,注意：如何判断介词,The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
19、,for,on,结论:介词关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.,结论:先行词有下列情况或附有下列修饰语时,通常 关系代词that1)先行词是all,no none,everyone,something,much,little等2)先行词前有序数词,形容词最高级,the last,the same,the only等.3)如果先行词中既含有表示人的名词又有表示物的名词时.4)若主句中有疑问代词who,which 为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which.,2、看定语从句中形容
20、词与介词的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish,_ all of which activities dolphins are expert.,with,in,The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.The book con
21、tains 50 poems,most of _ was written in 1930s.There are two left,one of _ is almost finished,and the other of _ is not quite.I have a sentence,the meaning of _ I dont understand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom,1.Do you like the book she spent$10?2.Do you like the book she paid$1
22、0?3.Do you like the book she learned a lot?4.Do you like the book she often talks?5.He built a telescope he could study the skies.,介词+关系代词的情况 练习,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。,All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you do
23、nt understand?There is little _ can be believed about it.The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.,that,that,that,that,1.先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。,关系副词when,where,why的用法,Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.Ill never forget the facto
24、ry where my father worked.Tell me the reason why you came late.,=on which,=in which,=for which,why引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。,This is the reason why(=for which)I didnt come here.,The reason _ she gave was not true.,whichthat,1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget
25、the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when/in which,which,where/in which,which,why/for which,that/which,难点解析：几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,定语从句精练题,（1）,1.We
26、should learn from those _ are always ready to help others.A.who B.whom C.they D.that 2.Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _ in China.A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working 3.Tom is the only one of the students who _ to Shanghai.A.have gone B.have been C.has been D.had gone 4.
27、I,_ your good friend,will try my best to help you out.A.who is B.who am C.that is D.which am,A,C,C,B,5.The old man has two sons,_ are lawyers.A.both of them B.both of who C.both of whom D.both of they6.He is a man of great knowledge,_ much can be learned.A.in whom B.about whom C.from whom D.of whom7
28、 Do you know the man _ just now?A.to who I nodded B.I nodded to C.whom I nodded D.whom I nodded to him.8.The man _ has gone to Japan.A.whom I told you B.that I told you C.whom I told you about him D.I told you about,C,C,B,D,9.Please pass me the dictionary _ cover is black.A.which B.its C.whose D.whi
29、ch of10.The radio set _ last week has been out of order.A.I bought B.I bought it C.which I bought it D.what I bought11.All the apples _ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.A.which B./C.that D.they12.I can tell you _ he told me last week.A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all that,C,A,
30、C,D,13.This is the biggest lab _ we have ever built in our university.A.which B.what C.that D.where14.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.that B./C.which D.what15.Air,_ we breathe every day,is around us all the time.A.that B./C.which D.it16.This is the museum _ we saw an exhibition the other
31、day.A.that B.which C.where D.in that,C,A,C,C,17.He must be from Africa,_ can be seen from his skin.A.that B.as C.it D.what18.His father died last year,_ made it impossible for him to go abroad.A.when B.which C.as D.that19._ is natural,he married Mary.A.It B.What C.Which D.As20.The buses,_ were alrea
32、dy full,were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.most of them B.most of which C.which most D.that most,B,B,D,B,21.Matter is anything _ A.that take up space and have weight B.which take up space and have weightC.that takes up space and has weight D.those take up space and have weight22.I have many books,t
33、he best _ was borrowed by Mary.A.about them B.of which C.among them D.in which,C,B,定语从句精练题,（2）,23.She showed me the dictionary _ she paid a lot of money.A.by whichB.to which C.for which D.on which 24.Abraham Lincoln is a man _ I have the greatest respect.who B.to whom C.whom D.for whom25.Edison had
34、one suit _ very little money,and which he wore until it was thin.A.which cost B.which costsC.which was cost D.which has costed,C,D,A,26.The people _ in the paper did not like it,but other readers liked it very much.A.who was written B.who were written C.who were written about D.whom were written abo
35、ut27.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.whatever D.that28.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose,C,D,D,31.The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.A.who B.whose C.which D.what32.In fact the S
36、wede did not understand the three questions _ were asked in French.A.where B.who C.in which D.which 33.These books _ he read some were written by Lu Xun.which B.among which C.of which D.with which34.I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.A.which B.what C.t
37、hat D.where,A,D,C,D,35.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,_ was very reasonable.(2000)A.which price B.the price of whichC.its price D.the price of whose36.Is this the house _ he was born?A.at where B.which C.in which D.at which 37.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.Which B.his C
38、.whose D.with38.The watch he _ went wrong again.A.had to be mended B.has mendedC.had had mended D.had been mended,B,C,C,C,定语从句精练题,（3）,39.He made another wonderful discovery,_ of great importance to science.A.which I think is B.which I think it isC.which I think it D.I think which is40.Then the great
39、 day came _ he was to march past the palace in the parade.A.where B.since C.when D.till41.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that the reason _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where,A,C,A,48.This is not the only apple _ has rotten away.A.whichB.that C./D.what49.He seldom fin
40、ishes his work on time,_ always makes his boss very angry.A.that B.as C.what D.which50.She is such a lovely girl _ is liked by everybody.A.what B.as C.thatD.which,B,D,B,45.Mother bought me a new bike as my birthday present,_ made me very happy.A.that B.which C.as D.it46.I,_ your friend,will help you
41、 out.A.who is B.who am C.that is D.I am47.My glasses,_ I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.A.which B.with whichC.without D.without which,B,B,D,定语从句精练题,（4）,57.I was so eager to leave that when I stood in the hall,ready to leave,I didnt even think of saying good-bye to the friends _ I
42、had eaten and slept for so many weeks.by whom B.of whom C.with whomD.with which58.The famous basketball star,_ tried to make a comeback,attracted a lot of attention.A.who B.when C.which D.where59.Gone are the days _ the working people suffered from cold and hunger.A.on that B.at whichC.when D.with w
43、hich,C,A,C,60.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_ are sold abroad.A.of which B.which of C.of them D.of that 61.There was _ time _ I hated to go to school.A.a;that B.a;when C.the;that D.the;when 62.There are two buildings,_ stands nearly a hundred feet high.A.the larger
44、 B.the larger of them C.the larger one that D.the larger of which,A,B,D,63.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A.the way B.in the way thatC.in the way D.the way which64.American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.who B.as C.about which
45、D.with whom 65.George Orwell,_ was Eric Arthur,wrote many political novels and essays.A.the real name B.what his real name C.his real name D.whose real name,A,D,D,定语从句精练题,（5）,66.“Who Moved My Cheese?”,_ is a best selling book,is written by Spencer Johnson.A.which B.that C.it D.what67.Helen is much m
46、ore kind to her youngest child than go the others,_,of course the others unhappy.A.who B.which C.she D.that68.The wrong youve done him is terrible,for _ you should make an apology to him,I think.A.this B.which C.what D.that,A,B,B,69.Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?Well,_ is okay
47、with me.A.that;anything B.which;everything C.what;whatever D.where;something70.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,_ is often the case in other countries.A.as B.that C.so D.it 71.Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city _ happened in Tangshan,in 1976.A.as B.that C.where D.like,A,A,A,
