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1、全品高考网,Lesson 3 Grammar,概念：动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特 征的非限定动词。它可以有宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和 语态的变化。特征：动词原形+ing构成，具有名词，动词一些特征。,Gerunds,动名词的作用动名词由动词+ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。,作主语,Teaching is my full-time job.,Writing an English composition is not easy.,动名词作主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。Its useless
2、taking this kind of medicine.,动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如：Its no use crying over spilt milk.(抽象)He realized that to go on like this was no use.(具体),在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列情况中不能互换：当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如：Seeing is believin
3、g.To see is to believe.,作表语,（1）动名词作表语说明主语的内容，可以放到句首作主语。My job is teaching.=Teaching is my job.Her full-time job is laying eggs.=Laying eggs is her full-time job.,（2）现在分词作表语相当于形容词，不可调至句首。The play is exciting.Exciting is the play.,动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别：动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯；不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作。试比较：M
4、y favourite sport is swimming.The first thing for us to do is to improve our pronunciation.,作宾语,I have just finished doing my homework.,I suggested asking his brother for some money.He keeps buying expensive maps.He must have more than 200 by now.,只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有：resist、mind、suggest、delay、keep on、loo
5、k forward to、enjoy、include、appreciate、imagine、practise、finish、succeed in、consider、cant help、miss。,动名词（短语）还常常跟在短语动词之后，作介词的宾语。常见的有：insist on,think of,dream of,object to,hear of,prevent from,keep from,stop from,feel like,be engaged in,look forward to,depend on,thank for,excuse for,devote to,set about,s
6、pend in,get(be)used to,be fond of,be afraid of,be tired of,succeed in,be interested in,be proud of,burst out,give up 等。,He insisted on seeing us home.They all objected to putting the meeting off.Are you interested in going to the show?Im thinking of going to town this afternoon.She is afraid of fall
7、ing behind the others.,动名词作定语表示性质或用途。a washing machine a machine for washing a swimming pool a pool for swimming,作定语,现在分词作定语表示动作，相当于一个定于从句。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。a developing country a country which is developing a sleeping boy a boy who is sleepingThe man talking with my father is Mr.Wa
8、ng.China is a developing country.,Exercise,1.I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing _ again.A.to happen B.from happening C.happened D.happen2.He insisted _ with my English.A.helping B.on helping C.to help D.in helping,B,B,3.She has little experience _.A.with teaching B.to teach C.of te
9、aching D.from teaching4.We are all looking forward _ Mr.Smith next week.A.to see B.of seeing C.at seeing D.to seeing,D,C,5.I dont feel _ tonight.A.like to read B.like Im going to read C.reading D.like reading6.He spent all his time _ for the TOFEL.A.to prepare B.of preparing C.in preparing D.to preparing,D,C,7.The boy is only five years old,but he is quite used _ the telephone.A.to answer B.to answering C.of answering D.by answering8.What _ it this way?A.trying B.about trying C.try D.of trying,B,B,
