毕业设计论文虹吸滤池工阳艺给水工程设计.doc

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9、t. Enterprise integrated to achieve zero cases of violation, zero accidents, zero. Quality goal is: when generating capacity 7.5 billion-kilowatt, sales of over 7.11 billion kWh, total profits of 306.6 million Yuan, . BFS+、PI、MIS、SCM Information systems infrastructure, fully integrated information s

10、ystem to realize information resources sharing; to expand the breadth and depth of the portal system, information system of Enterprise Management Assistant role to play; to improve the day-to-day operation and maintenance operation record of promoting causes and transfer system; to strengthen the tr

11、aining 师范大学环境工程学院毕业论文(设计) 虹吸滤池工艺给水设计 xxx(师范大学环境工程学院xx级xxx班) 指导教师:xx(xxx)摘要: 本次设计为虹吸滤池工艺给水工程设计,设计内容主要包括三部分,即给水处理工艺流程设计(包括虹吸滤池)、个单体构筑物的工艺设计和泵站、泵房工艺设计。根据设计资料,本次设计取水水源为地表河流水,该河流水质较好,符合类水源水的水质指标。本次设计所采用的净水工艺流程为:原水混凝沉淀过滤消毒。混凝包括混合和絮凝两部分。混合是在静态混合器中投加聚合氯化铝,絮凝设备选用回转式隔板絮凝池,选用平流沉淀池进行沉淀,过滤设备采用虹吸滤池,最后投加液氯进行消毒。水泵和

12、泵房的设计中,给水泵选用离心泵,采用排水泵排水。水厂总占地面积,因地制宜并考虑到远期发展,水厂的工艺流程采用L型布置,流程力求简短,适当增加绿地,使水厂立面丰满。最后进行各项工艺的详细计算,并达到设计所需各项要求。关键词 :水厂;水质模拟;虹吸滤池;平流沉淀池;处理工艺 Siphon Filter Process Water Supply System Zhang Qiannan(Class181 Grade07 in College of Environmental Engineering,Jilin Normal University,JilinSiping136000) Directiv

13、e teacher: Chi He(xxx)ABSTRACT :The filter is designed to siphon water supply engineering design process, design mainly includes three parts, namely, water treatment process design (including Siphon Filter), a single process design structures and pumping stations, pumping stations, process design.Ac

14、cording to design information, design of water in this river water to the surface water, the river water quality is good, in line with Class water quality source water.The design used in water purification process: raw water - coagulation - filtration - disinfection.Coagulation and flocculation incl

15、uding mixed two parts.Mixed in static mixer in the PAC dosing, flocculation equipment selection rotary separator flocculation, sedimentation tanks used for advection precipitation, filtration equipment used to siphon filter, and finally adding liquid chlorine for disinfection.The design of pumps and

16、 pumping stations, to the selection of centrifugal pumps, the use of drainage pump drainage.The total area of water, according to local conditions and taking into account long-term development, process water treatment plant by L-type layout, the process be short, due to increase green space, the wat

17、er elevation of fullness.Finally, the detailed calculation of the process and the requirements to meet the design requirements.Keywords:Water; water quality simulation; Siphon Filter; advection sedimentation tanks; treatment process.目 录1 引言12 设计任务及设计资料22.1概述22.1.1城市自然条件23 设计说明书43.1水力计算43.2水厂的设计53.2.

18、1 设计原则53.2.2 净水工艺流程53.2.3 混凝53.2.4 混合83.2.5 反应沉淀池的设计83.2.6 过滤113.2.7 消毒123.2.8 水泵及泵房134 设计计算书144.1 设计流量确定174.2 给水处理厂工艺计算174.2.1投药工艺计算174.2.2 混合工艺计算184.2.3 反应池工艺计算184.2.4 沉淀池工艺计算204.2.5 滤池工艺计算214.2.6 消毒244.3 泵站设计计算254.3.1 水泵的选择254.3.2 水泵吸水管计算254.3.3 水泵压水管计算264.3.4 泵房高度计算274.3.5 泵房内设备布置274.3.6 真空泵排水泵选

19、择274.3.7 吸水井284.4 水厂部分284.4.1清水池调节容积284.4.2 厂内配水井284.4.3 水厂总体设计285 结论31 致谢32 参考文献33supervision in large and medium goods vehicle. A is established large vehicles and small vehicles classification management of motor vehicle test mode, increased medium van car, and dangerous goods transport car, and

20、school car test project; II is established motor vehicle test regulatory platform, achieved motor vehicle test full process video, and data remote regulatory; three is strictly motor vehicle identification management, equipped with unified of identification equipment and tool, using mobile identific

21、ation Terminal, and law enforcement records instrument, technology identification means. As to 20XX years June 20 statewide motor vehicle keep volume for 567,408 car, and last year earlier than growth 75,814 car, growth 13.36%; this year January-June, vehicles management section and license archives

22、 management section total accepted the motor vehicle registration business 42,543 car times, which registered registration 6,905 car times, and transfer registration 3,592 car times, and change registration 1033 car times, and mortgage registration 696 car times, and cancellation registration 187 ca

23、r times, and into business 980 car times, and Archives corrections 81 pieces times, and issued test qualified logo 25,429 car times, and other vehicles business 3,640 car times; supervision Survey Section relies on motor vehicle detection remote issued test qualified logo software platform supervisi

24、on motor vehicle test, and identification situation 7418l liangci, investigation motor vehicle exception business 30 car times, his pards business warning 244 article, vehicles and driving people sound video regulatory screenshots 1852 Zhang, checks motor vehicle archives 716 pieces times, and mediu

25、m bus, and medium above truck, and Of hazardous chemicals, vehicles and school buses and other key vehicle inspection record of 420. (C) based on their own, and strict adherence to defense, more cheating, false false fugitive suspects, robbery suspect vehicles and the Internet crackdown. DMV full pl

26、ay to the first line of Defense position control, investigating cheating, fake identification and robbery suspect vehicles through operational work, and carefully examine the documents and legal proof, check traffic violations, traffic accidents, the fugitive suspect suspected vehicles and theft tha

27、n to work, further tight car, driving management business formalities review procedures. . Truck driver information management platform. Motor vehicles and traffic police departments, State transport authority to further clarify the Division of labour, implementation responsibility, strengthen our c

28、ollaboration and management together, reinforcing the management of drivers on which strongly synthetic warfare and information warfare. 3 strictly implemented. From May 1 up, a is implemented complex road and bad weather driving exam, currently DMV is urged contractors party in treasures driving sc

29、hool increased simulation Highway, and continuous urgent detours, and snow days, and wet sliding road, and burst situation disposal, subjects II field to driving exam project, is expected17 吉林师范大学环境工程学院毕业论文(设计)1 引言 随着我国经济的高速发展,人民生活水平的显著提高,如何解决水资源的匮乏、安全问题一直是困扰水处理工作者的一个难题。 水是动植物体内和人的身体中不可缺少的物质,可以说,没有水

30、就没有生命的存在。另外,人类生活中的衣食住行都离不开水。工农业生产中也不能离开水,水是工农业生产的重要原料。在农业生产中消耗的淡水量占人类消耗淡水总量的60%80%,工业上也要用大量的水进行生产。另外,水在内河与海洋运输上也起着重要作用。在自然界中淡水量不到水总量的1%。据21世纪城市水资源国际学术研讨会透露,联合国已经把我国列为世界上13个最缺水的国家之一,目前我国人均用水量是世界人均用水量的30%左右。人类现在用水量越来越大,且污染也越来越严重,这就要求我们要保护水资源。饮用水的安全问题也很重要,人们对源水进行一系列处理后饮用。在20世纪初,饮用水净化技术已基本上形成了现在被人们普遍称之为

31、常规处理工艺的处理方法,即:混凝、沉淀或澄清、过滤和消毒。这种常规的处理工艺至今仍被世界大多数国家所采用,是目前饮用水处理的主要工艺。本设计中根据水源水质分析,采用常规处理工艺,出水即可达到饮用标准。本次设计需要根据城市原始资料,采用虹吸滤池工艺完成城市给水工程设计。本计算说明书主要说明水厂采用虹吸滤池处理构筑物的选型、选择依据、优缺点、应用条件以及具体构筑物尺寸的计算及;水厂构筑物的平面布置和高程布置,并完成工程图。2 设计任务及设计资料2.1概述2.1.1城市自然条件(1)自然情况:土壤性质 粘土;表土厚度 1.25.0m;冰冻深度 1.0m;河水位 高水位 56.5m,低水位 54.8m

32、,均水位 55.2m;地下水位 8m。城市年最高气温 35;年最低气温 -26;年平均气温 10;温度在-10以下的天数 75天。城市月平均最高气温 30;月平均最低气温 -8;月平均气温 11;温度在0 以下的天数 105天。(2)主导风向: 夏季主导风向为西南风;冬季主导风向为西南风。(3) 城市居民用水量逐时变化情况(%) 表2.1城市综合生活每小时用水量占最高日用水量百分比Table2.1 The amount of water per hour, the citys comprehensive life percentage of the maximum daily water co

33、nsumption时间 用水量 时间 用水量 时间 用水量01 1.72 89 6.38 1617 5.6712 1.78 910 5.27 1718 6.2323 1.69 1011 4.62 1819 5.4134 1.52 1112 4.54 1920 4.96 45 2.25 1213 5.10 2021 4.2356 4.33 1314 5.03 2122 3.9067 5.54 1415 4.50 2223 2.5478 6.35 1516 4.90 2324 1 .43 (4)城市人口及集中用水量情况人口数量 48.5万人;居民用水定额 200L/d*p。 表 2.2 集中用水量

34、情况Table 2.2 The case focused on water工厂名称 用水量/(m3/d) 用水时间/h 甲厂 5000 0-24 乙厂 3000 8-17 丙厂 2400 0-24 3 设计说明书3.1 水力计算1. 水源水的水质模拟由于水源水取为地表河流水,该河流水质较好,符合类水源水的水质指标,故可模拟为 嗅和味:无;浑浊度:820;色度:无。2. 设计水量城市总用水量计算,包括设计年限内该给水系统所供应的全部用水:居民用水;工厂企业用水;市政绿地等用水。(1) 居民用水量=qNf (3-1)(2) 工厂企业用水量 (根据任务书中给定) (3-2)(3)市政绿地等用水量 =

35、2%(+) (3-3)(4)未预见水量 =7%( ) (5) 设计年限内城市最高日用水量 d=+ 3.2水厂的设计3.2.1 设计原则水厂的设计注意了以下原则(1) 水处理构筑物的生产能力以最高日用水量加水厂自用水量进行设计,并以原水水质最不利情况进行校核。(2) 水厂按近期设计,并考虑远期发展。(3) 水厂设计中应考虑各构筑物或设备进行检修、清洗及部分停止工作时仍能满足供水要求。(4) 水厂机械化和自动化程度本着提高科学管理水平和增加经济效益的原则,根据实际生产要求,技术经济合理性和设备供应情况,妥善确定,逐步提高。(5) 设计中遵守设计规范的规定。3.2.2 净水工艺流程净水工艺流程应根据

36、原水的水质和用户对水质的要求确定。本次设计所采用的净水工艺流程为:原水混凝沉淀过滤消毒,下面分别对其进行说明。3.2.3 混凝1.选择混凝剂的依据混凝效果好,对人体健康无害,施用方便,货源充足,价格低廉。根据设计任务书中给定的城市水源浊度和温度,选择聚合氯化铝作为混凝剂。混凝剂的最大投加量50mg/l【1】,投加浓度15%【1】。碱式氯化铝Aln(OH)mCl3n-m优点:净化效率高,耗药量少,出水浊度低,色度小,过滤性能好,原水高浊度时尤为显著。温度适应性高,PH适用范围宽(PH=59),因而可不投加碱剂。使用时操作方便,腐蚀性小,劳动条件好。设备简单,操作方便,成本较低。是无机高分子化合物

37、。2.投药方法常用药剂投加方法有干投法和湿投法。设计采用湿投法。湿投法优点:容易与原水充分混合,不易阻塞入口,管理方便,投量易于调节。3.投药方式计量泵压力投加,水射器压力投加,重力投加。这三种是常用的投药方式。本设计采用水射器压力投加。水射器投加是利用高压水通过喷嘴和喉管时的抽吸作用,吸入药液到压力水管中。优点是设备简单;水射器适用于大、中、小规模的水厂。4.溶液池容积的确定溶液池至少分成2格,可轮流使用,其容积为:W1=aQ/417bn (m3) (3-10)式中 Q:处理的水量,m3/d; a:混凝剂的最大投加量,mg/l; b:溶液浓度,%(按固体重量计); n:每日调制次数,小水厂为

38、1次,大、中水厂不超过3次。5.溶解池容积的确定溶解池容积W2=0.3W11 溶液池分2格1,每格有效容积3.5。 6.加药间及仓库(1) 药剂选择与投药量混凝剂和助凝剂品种的选择及其用量,应根据相似条件下的水厂运行经验或原水凝聚沉淀实验资料,结合当地药剂供应情况,通过技术经济比较确定。可参考有关设计手册。常用混凝剂有精致硫酸铝、粗制硫酸铝、硫酸亚铁、三氯化铁、聚合氯化铝、聚丙烯酰胺。常用的助凝剂有液氯、石灰、活化硅酸。(2) 药剂溶解与溶液配置混凝剂的投配方式可采用湿投或干投。当湿投时,混凝剂的溶解应按用药量大小、混凝剂性质,选用水力、机械或压缩空气等搅拌方式。湿投混凝剂时,溶解次数应根据混

39、凝剂用量和配置条件等因素确定,一般每日不宜超过三次。混凝剂用量较大时,溶解池宜设在地下;混凝剂用量较小时,溶解池可兼作投药池。(3)投药与计量设备7.投加与提升设备(1) 水泵投加,采用计量泵投加,不需另设计量设备。采用耐酸泵加转子流量计投加,一般用于投药量较大时。(2) 水射器投加,采用水射器投加,设备简单,使用方便,但水射器效率较低,且易磨损。(3) 重力投加,将溶液池架高,利用重力将药液投入水泵压水管或混合设施入口处。这种投加方式安全可靠,但溶液池位置较高。8.计量设备投药计量方式主要有孔口计量、定量投药箱、转子计量和计量泵计量,一般新建水厂多采用计量泵自动投加计量。孔口计量也是一种常用

40、的计量方式。9.加药间及药库布置加药间应与药剂仓库毗连,并宜靠近投药点。溶液池边应设工作台,工作台以11.5m1为宜。与混凝剂接触的池内壁、设备、管道和地坪,应根据混凝剂性质采取相应的防腐措施。各种管线应设在地沟内。加药间必须有保障工作人员卫生安全的劳动保护措施。当采用发生异臭或粉尘的混凝剂时,应在通风良好的单独房间内制备,必要时应设置通风设备;冬季使用聚丙烯酰胺的室内温度不低于2;室内应有冲洗设施。视具体情况应设置机械搬运设备。加药间的地坪应有不小于5的排水坡度。10.药库药剂仓库应根据具体情况设置计量工具和搬运设备。药剂仓库的固定储备量,应按当地供应、运输等条件确定,一般可按最大药量的15

41、30d8用量计算。其周转储备量应根据当地具体条件确定。计算固体混凝剂和石灰储藏仓库的面积时,其堆放高度,当采用混凝剂时一般可为1.52.0m8;当采用石灰时可为1.5m9。当采用机械搬运设备时,堆放高度可适当增加。应有良好的通风条件,并应防止受潮。地坪与墙壁应根据药剂情况采取防腐措施。3.2.4 混合混合速度要快,药剂应在水流造成剧烈紊动条件下投入,混合时间1030秒。混合设备离后继处理构筑物越近越好,尽可能与构筑物有相连接,如必须用管道连接时,管道内停留时间不能超过两分钟。混合方式选用,选用管式混合,它适用与流量变化不大的水厂。优点为:设备简单不占地。本设计采用最简单的管内跌水混合,管内流速

42、取1.5 m/s,投药后管内水头损失不小于0.30.4 m1。3.2.5 反应沉淀池的设计絮凝设备的基本要求是,原水与药剂混合后,通过絮凝设备应形成肉眼可见的大的密实絮凝体。絮凝池的形式较多,概括起来分成两大类,水力搅拌式和机械搅拌式。本次设计采用回转絮凝池。一般和平流沉淀池或斜管沉淀池合建。设计要点:1.数一般不少于2个,反应时间为2030分钟1,色度高、难于沉淀的细颗粒较多时宜采用高值。2.池内流速应按变速设计,进口流速一般为0.50.69,出口流速一般为0.20.39。通常用改变隔板的间距以达到改变流速的要求。3.隔板间净距应大于0.59,小型池子当采用活动隔板时可适当减小。进水管口应设

43、挡水措施,避免水流直冲隔板。4.反应池超高一般采用0.31。5.隔板转弯处的过水断面面积,应为廊道断面面积的1.21.5倍1。6.池底坡向排泥口的坡度,一般为23%,排泥管直径不应小于150。7.反应效果亦可用速度梯度(G)和反应时间(T)来控制,当原水浊度低,平均G值较小或处理要求较高时,可适当延长反应时间,以提高GT值,改善反应效果。本回转式隔板絮凝池,设计两池,每池设计水量为2650, 反应池净15.38,宽同沉淀池为23.44,池内平均水深为2.5。絮凝池进水采用直径为1200的铸铁管,出水采用穿孔墙,孔口尺寸为,絮凝池中间设隔板,隔板厚200,隔板间距分别为:0.48,0.6,0.7

44、,0.81,1.2。沉淀工艺采用平流沉淀池,它的进水来自絮凝池,经过穿孔花墙,在整个池断面内均匀分布水。絮体约在池前端1/3池长度内沉淀最多,下沉污泥由排泥管或刮泥机械排除。清水经出水槽流出。平流沉淀池常与絮凝池和建,图为与回流隔板絮凝池和建的平流沉淀池。平流沉淀池宜采用长、狭、浅的池型,可减少短流,保持稳定运行。结合高程上的配合,有时在平流沉淀池下建造清水池,同时可节约用地的作用。平流沉淀池对水质、水量变化的适应性强,处理效果稳定,构造简单,池深度较浅,造价较低,管理方便,采用机械排泥效果也好,因此是一种常见的沉淀池形式。设计要求1. 可与隔板、折板、网格等絮凝池和建,两者中间用穿孔花墙分隔。因絮凝池出口流速较低,因此穿孔墙的孔口流速应相适应。孔口布置在沉淀池水位以下、积泥

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