语法填空整理复习.ppt

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1、语法填空解题技巧,解题步骤（宗旨先语境、后语法）：（1）把握文章大意；（2）分析句子结构、理解句子意义；（3）运用语法知识、结合解题思路答题；（4）分析考点核实答案。,要做到_、_、_、_、和_五方面结合；注意大小写！,篇章语境,句意,语法,思路,考点分析,给出动词,给出提示词的题,给出名词/形容词/副词,不作谓语,作谓语：,考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致,词类转换,作非谓语,语法填空解题思路（一）：,填to do,填doing,填done,作主语/宾语:,表习惯/一般情况,作目的/结果/形容词后的状语:,与逻辑主语是主动关系/动作正在进行,表具体情况,填to do,作定/状语/补语:,与逻辑

2、主语是被动关系/动作已完成,填doing,作表/定/补语:,作主/宾语:,填形容词,填名词,饰动词/形容词/副词/句子作状语,在冠词/形物代词后或“冠词+形容词”后,填名词,填副词,词性不变，词义也不变,填该词的比较等级,词性不变，词义相反,加否定/反义的前/后缀,表动作发生在将来,填to do,1.缺主语或宾语,2.作主/宾/表语的名词或“形容词+名词”前，,填冠词,填形容词性物主代词、指示代词,填不定代词,3.名词/代词/动名词在句中不作主/表，也不作动宾时，,4.两个或几个单词或短语间没连词，,5.两句(一个主谓关系算一句)间没连词，也没分号/句号，,语法填空解题思路（二）：,纯设空题,

3、填代词,前面填介词,填并列连词,填限定词,填从属连词,6.若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是,填情态动词/表强调或倒装的助动词(do/does/did等),给出提示词的题考点归纳：（1）谓语的时态、语态、语气、人称和数（2）非谓语：to do;doing;done（3）词类转换：转换成名词、形容词、副词（4）形容词和副词的比较等级（5）变否定或反义的前、后缀,纯设空题考点归纳：（1）代词：人称、物主、指示、反身、不定（2）冠词：a/an/the（3）介词（4）连词：并列、从属（5）情态动词、表强调或倒装的助动词,注意：连续3年都没考查的考点（

4、1）给出提示词的题：谓语的被动语态；名词：变否定或反义的前、后缀；（2）纯设空题：物主代词、指示代词、反身代词；并列连词；情态动词、表强调或倒装的助动词；,注意其构成、数和所有格；,首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。1.缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。,1.What was worse,19_ was already dark when I arrived at his house.(12汕头监测),it,2.the man undressed 24_ immediately and dove into the wate

5、r for his sword.(12金山、揭阳一中联考),himself,2.名词前是空格，若该名词前没有限定词，很可能是填冠词、形容词性物主代词或some,any,other,another,either,neither,less,more,little,few,many,much等。,1.After hearing the evidence,the judge asked the man to drop 24_ 25-cent coin on the ground.(12广州调研),a,2.She was so distressed about the misery of poor pe

6、ople that she left 31_ fine home to spend her life in the slums of Chicago.(10惠州一模),her,3.Many means had been tried but 22_ of them were good enough to catch the rats.(11惠州一模),none,3.名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。,4.若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填并列连词。,Jane Adams was also active in fighting

7、35_ the use of child labor and war.(10惠州一模),against,I soon found that the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door20_ the back door.(12汕头监测),or,5.若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列或从属连词。,1.In 1931,jane Adams was awarded the Nobel Prize for 40_she had done for society.I was to re

8、turn to Guangzhou.(10惠州一模),what,2.The Old Library today contains about 13,000 manuscripts and more than 800,000 books,90_ many of them are very 91valuable(value).(12执信期末考试),and,6.若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。,I explained that while I didnt carry any cash

9、,I 36_ happen to have a new blanket,and asked him if he could use it.He was thrilled.(10茂名一模),did,7.若缺状语，一定是填副词(在纯空中考的可能性不大，即使考，也是些常见的简短的副词)。,He was upright,loyal and highly respected.18_,he was dismissed from office.(11汕头四校联考),However,(1)由it isthat强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。and 40_ was only after I heard s

10、he became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG(味精)!(09广州一模),_with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.,注意：根据特殊句式的结构来判断空格应填的词。,it,Only,(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not until,had等，还是填do,does,did等。,(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的的句式判断，空格处是否填it。1.Last year,my daughter was diagn

11、osed with leukemia(白血病).It is still hard to write that word.16_ is even harder to say it out loud,because it feels like that will make it more real.(11汕头质量监测)2.And those who find17_ difficult to add up the number shouldnt feel too hopeless.(12六校联考),It,it,(4)so/suchthat句型。They 16were carried(carry)ne

12、arly one mile,but were let down so gently 34_ none of the three was seriously injured.(11佛山二模),that,(5)morethan(与其说不如说，比更)句型。Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares40_ how much he pays.(深圳宝安期末),than,Being good at mathematics may be entirely pre-destinedyou eit

13、her have it 16_ you dont.(12六校联考),or,(6)either.or.;neither.nor.;not only.but also句型。,代词,代词考点归纳：1.人称代词：主格、宾格2.物主代词：形容词性、名词性3.反身代词4.指示代词5.表示“两者”(both/neither/either)或“多者”(all/none/any)的不定代词6.表示“别的，另外的”(another,other,others,the other,the others)不定代词7.表示“每一”的each和every8.表示“一些”的some和any 9.复合不定代词：由every-,

14、some-,any-,no-与-thing,-one,-body等构成的不定代词。10.替代词it,that,those,one11.it的用法,1.Royston and 35_ volunteers collect,pack and give out gifts and candy-15 tons of toys and goodies 36donated(donate)by folks and businesses.Angels come in all shapes,sizes and costumes.And all of 39_ bring happiness and little

15、miracles along,40encouraging(encourage)others to pass them along.(10惠州二模)2.Mr.Jones woke early one morning.It was a beautiful morning,so 16_went to the window and looked out.(13惠州二模),other,them,he,3.Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_.(全国),themselves,4.If you run afte

16、r two hares at the same time,you will catch _.,neither,5.When the horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening,he will stop 23 frequently(frequent)to look back,making sure that the 24 _ isnt too far behind to hear the bell.（11汕头一模）6.Moved by the beauty of his music,these men recognized excel

17、lence and responded to 25_.(11广一模),other,it,7._ of us could live without other people.,None,8.Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city.,that,9.Many will fail to find jobs or lose the_ they have.,ones,10.as 32_ took them just three minutes to steal paintin

18、gs by two world-famous artists(08佛山二模),it,连词,连词考点归纳：1.并列连词:and,when(=and just at this time),not onlybut(also),neithernor;or,otherwise,or else,either.or;but,yet,notbut;while;for,so 等2.引导状语从句的连词:when,while,as,before,after,since,till/until,whenever,as soon as;where,wherever;because,as,since;so that,in

19、order that;in case,for fear that等3.引导名词性从句的连词:that,whether,if,who(m),whose,which,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等4.引导定语从句的连词:who,whom,that,which,when,where,why,as,whose等,2.Immigrants 34_ other poor people came to her settlement house for advice and help as well as for fun.(10惠州一模)

20、,and,1.all I saw was this beautiful girl,whose smile just melted me 36_ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.(08深圳一模),and,3.This made the goat so jealous34_ it began plotting against(谋划对付)the donkey.(07惠州二模),that,4.I kept thinking of 21_ Vernon would say when he

21、came back.I was just going to give up 22_ I noticed that one bedroom window was slightly open.(12汕头监测),what,when,5.20_they supported the traveller,they also agreed that the wind was blowing from the shop to the place 21_ he had eaten,carrying the smell of the fried fish to him.She insisted that 23_

22、the man had enjoyed her fish smell,he should pay 25 cents.(12广州调研),Though/Although,where,since/because/as,6.A few years ago the belief became general 20_ orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same time.(12深圳期末考试),that,7.At last they tried to fill in the plane 23with carbon-dioxide,24_ p

23、oisoned all the eighty rats by the poisonous gas.(11惠州一模),which,首先判断要填的动词在句中作谓语还是作非谓语。1.若句中没有谓语，或虽已有谓语，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致。,一、给出动词的题,That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation,40_(close)my book and walked away.(08年广一模),closed,2.若句中

24、已有谓语、又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词：-ing、-ed或不定式。(1)作主语或宾语，通常表示具体情况用不定式，表示习惯或一般情况用-ing。Miss Bean expected me to have my own opinion about difficult questions and taught me that 21_(think)for oneself was the real key to success in learning.(12深圳阶段测试),thinking,(2)作目的状语、结果状语和形容词后的状语，用不定式。With Fathers Day around

25、the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank _(buy)presents for my dad.(10全国卷I),to buy,George returned after the war,only _(tell)that his wife had left him.(2012山东卷),to be told,(3)作定语、状语、或补语，与逻辑主语是主动关系、表动作正在进行，用-ing；是被动关系、表动作已完成，用done;表动作发生在将来用不定式。_(approach)the city center,we saw a stone stat

26、ue of about 10 meters in height.(10上海卷),Approaching,3.有时给出的动词既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词，而是要求词类转换。there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist 34_(attract)(08年广一模),attractions,二、给出名词、副词、形容词的题：1.词类转换:,（1）作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词。Previous research has indicated that number sense is 18_(base)to humans

27、.（12六校第四次联考）,basic,（2）作主语或宾语，用名词。36_(lazy),lying,stealing and so on are all easily-formed bad habits.(10惠州三模),Laziness,（3）在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+形容词”后，用名词。He studied piano with the great masters of Europe and achieved huge success as a 17 _(music)and composer in his early years.(11广州调研),musician,（4）修饰动词

28、、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词。When a person does a certain thing again,he is driven by an unseen force to do the same thing 32_(repeat);then a habit is formed.(10惠州三模),repeatedly,2.给出形容词或副词的题，如果词性不变、词义也不变，可能是考查其比较等级。Then I heard piano music and singing rising above the noise of the people and the traffic.I

29、walked much 17_(slow)so I could find out where it was coming 18from.(12茂名二模),slower,3.给出形容词或副词的题，如果词性不用变、词义相反，在词根前、后表否定或反义的前、后缀un-，im-，-less等。Once a habit is formed,it is difficult,and sometimes 32_(possible),to get rid of.It is therefore very important that we pay great attention to the formation o

30、f habits.(10惠州三模),impossible,2.When I explained that my baseball had flew through Mrs Holts window,33_(break)the glass,Steve encouraged me to admit to her.After all,I should 34_(play)in the park and not in the path.(07年肇庆二模),have played,3.but it is not enough only35_(memorize)rules from a grammar bo

31、ok.(09佛山一模)6.Severnl days earlier Mr Carlsson,who is the owner of a fish shop,was preparing a fresh load of fish 36_(sell)at his shop.(07广州调研),to memorize,breaking,to sell/to be sold,-ing做结果状语，且在作文中常用,8.I looked at the proud dirty face that I had given attention to so rarely,with tears 25 _(fill)my

32、eyes.（11惠州二模）,filling,10.He had witnessed too many 19_(die)and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years 20_(early),in which 40,000 people were killed,wounded or missing.（12佛山二模）,deaths,earlier,1.But the leaders did not announce any 32_(detail)plan for Greece after meeting Thursday in Br

33、ussels.（10 广二模）4.Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I learnt who is 39_(true)rich.(09广一模),detailed,truly,6.Worries over Greek debt have pushed the euro to its36 _(low)value in months against the dollar.(10广二模)7.With this the boy got up and walked away,leaving his father sitting on thei

34、r comfortable sofa,totally 40_(speech).(09广二模)8.18_(fortunate),I forgot all about the birds until the night before Vernon was going to return.(12汕头监测),lowest,speechless,Unfortunately,1.16_ tells the story of men and women who,in the course of the major events of the last 150 years,have given assista

35、nce 17_ victims of wars and natural disasters.(12佛山二模),It,to,3.Unlike 23_ previous studies proved,this one shows that the link 24_ number sense and maths ability is already present before the beginning of formal maths instruction.(12六校联考),what,between,2.That was the only way they could promote 24_ a

36、nd be recognized.(11湛江一模),themselves,6.They aimed to show not only good 24 performance(s)(perform)during the seven days 25_ their image of self-improving and high-level sport moral.(11佛山一模),but,4.People with 21 varieties(vary)of talents can be recognized through the Internet.22_,the Internet is 23_

37、opportunity to put forward ones talents,creativity,and powers in order to be noticed.(12湛江一模),Thus/Therefore/So,an,5.Listen to these words from Darwin P.Kingsley:“You have powers you never dreamed of.You can do things you never thought you 39_ do.”(10茂名二模),could,7.She asked me for a hug,but I did no

38、t know what 20_ word“hug”meant.So,I just looked at her 21_ a questioning expression on my face.But she didnt give up.She called my father into the room and asked him to explain to me what she meant.When he did I looked at my new step-mom and wondered22_ she wanted to hug me.She then told me it was b

39、ecause she loved me and you hug people when you love 23_.So she opened her arms wide and timidly I opened 24_ and we hugged.(12茂名一模),them,mine,the,with,why,8.Hic!Youve just hiccupped(打嗝)for the tenth time since you finished dinner.Wonder 16_ these funny noises are coming from?The part 17to blame(bla

40、me)is your diaphragm,the muscle（肌肉）at the bottom of your chest.All hiccups start here.The diaphragm almost always 18works(work)perfectly-it pulls down when you breathe in to help pull air into the lungs 19_ it moves up when you breathe out to help push air out of the lungs.When this irregular breath

41、 hits your voice box,youre left with a big hiccup.Things23_bother the diaphragm include eating too quickly or too much,stomachaches or feeling nervous.If you want to know 23_to get rid of hiccups,here are some cures.(11广二模),where,and/or,that/which,how,(2012惠州二模)Recently I failed an examHowever,16whe

42、n/after I came out of my teachers office,I told myself:Smile!Its not so serious.I smiled a big smile and 17it worked a little,really Everyone gets 18_(frustrate)sometimesI used to be always influenced by pressure and I was often in low spiritsBut one day I came 19across a sentence in the Bible:“Do n

43、ot be anxious about tomorrow,for tomorrow will he anxious for itselfLet the days own trouble be sufficient for the day It suddenly struck me:,形容词frustrated,20_(worry)about a problem doesnt helpWhy not just give a big smile and face up 21to the trouble?Now every time I want to cry,I remind myself tha

44、t 22_（laugh）is better than tears and angerI 23_(convince)that theres something magical about a smileA smile helps me recover confidence and gives me 24the courage to move onRemember,whenever youre faced with a setback,whenever youve been treated unfairly,all it takes is determination and you can fee

45、l happy againSmile at life,25and it will shine on you,名词laughter,非谓语Worrying,谓语am convinced,我们的错题集,1.I 77_(impress)by its garden-like campus,its enthusiastic students and especially its learning atmosphere.I once fell in love with it.(12执信月考),was impressed,to find,4.We were astonished _(find)the tem

46、ple still in its original condition.(10辽宁卷)5.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if _(carry)out regularly,can improve our health.(10浙江卷)7._(seat)in your home,you are capable of finding a lot of sources.(11湛江一模)9.He was to order some flowers 16_(send)to his mother who lived two hundr

47、ed miles away.When he got out of his car he noticed a young girl sitting on the roadside 17_(cry).（12六校第三次联考）,carried,Seated,to be sent,crying,2.Thank you.I have been going through a rough time lately,but youve made me 25_(hope)again.（12茂名二模）3.The man took her to 19_(safe)，helped her get assistance

48、and put her into a taxicab.(12广东冲刺卷八),5.Then she held up her hand to the doctor,Dont come any 25_(close)to us.(12揭阳水平考试),safty,closer,hopeful,11.The 23_(educate)person，on the other hand，is either unable to do something new，or just 24does(do)it badly.(12汕头测评),uneducated,8.The great city of Venice is

49、famous today as a popular tourist destination and is recognized as one of the worlds most beautiful cities.86_ most people associate Venice with water and tourist love to take romantic gondola trips 87_ the network of canals,the city has a lot more than this to fascinate visitors.Venice is famous fo

50、r 88_ great art,architecture and culture as well as for glass blowing and lace.(12执信期末考试),Although/Though,through/along,its,9.The people of Chu 21_ mourned Qus death threw rice into the river to feed his ghost 22_ year on the day of his death.But one year,the spirit of Qu appeared and told the mourn