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1、直接引语和间接引语,Direct Speech and Reported Speech,直接引语:说话人直接引用别人的原话。,间接引语:说话人用自己的话转述别人的话。,The boy said,“I can speak English.”The boy said that he could speak English.,直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。,直接引语和间接引语的转化,直接引语变间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还有一下变化：1.人称 2.时态 3.指示代词 4.时间状语5.地点状语 6.部分动词,1.人称变化:根据意义进行相应的变化,He
2、 said to me,“My sister will see the film.”He told me _ sister would see the film.,his,2.时态变化,如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语,间接引语的谓语动词时态变化如下：,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去完成时,过去完成时,过去将来时,could,might,must/had to,1.He said,“I usually do sports after school.”He said that _ usually _ sports after school.2.Tom said to
3、me,“We will clean our classroom.”Tom told me that _ _ their classroom.3.Mary said,“Im doing my homework.”Mary said that _ _ _ homework.”4.He said,“I went to the movies.”He said that _ _ to the movies.,he,did,they,would clean,she,was doing,her,he,had gone,时态不需变化的情况：1.转述的是客观真理或叙述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实,从句时态不变,
4、The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher told us that the sun is bigger than the earth.”He said,“Im good at swimming.”He said that he is good at swimming.,2.直接引语是一般过去时或过去进行时，但有明确定时间状语，变为间接引语时可仍然用一般过去时或过去进行时。,He said,“I wrote a book in 1996.”He said that he _ a book in 1996.,wr
5、ote,He told me,“I was doing my homework when my mother came back.”He told me that he _ his homework when his mother came back.”,was doing,3.时间状语变化,then,that day,that week/month,the day before,two days before,the week/year before,three days before,the next/following day,two days later,the next week/y
6、ear,时间状语变化,4.指示代词、地点状语、动词变化,that,those,there,go,take,如果就在当天转述,tomorrow,yesterday,tomorrow不变如果在当地转述,here不必改为there come 不必改为 go,直接引语间接引语1.go2.is working3.has written4.went5.had done6.will go7.can8.may9.now10.today,11.this week12.yesterday13.the day before yesterday14.last month15.three hours ago16.tom
7、orrow17.the day after tomorrow18.next e,直接引语间接引语1.go2.is working3.has written4.went5.had done6.will go7.can8.may9.now10.today,wentwas workinghad writtenhad gonehad donewould gocouldmightthenthat day,直接引语间接引语11.this week12.yesterday13.the day before yesterday14.last month15.three hours ago16.tomorrow
8、17.the day after tomorrow18.next e,that weekthe day beforetwo days beforethe week beforethree hours beforethe next daytwo days later the next weektherego,直接引语变间接引语的句式变化,直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序.但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。,1.直接引语是陈述句,连接词：that(口语中常省略),间接引语,从句的人称、谓语动词时态、时间状语、地点状语等做相应变化陈述句语序不变,主句谓语动词常为:
9、said(to sb.),told sb.,He told us,“I want this blue one.”,He told us _.,She said to me,“You cant do anything now.”,She told me _.,(that),he,wanted,that,blue one,(that),I,couldnt,do anything,then,2.直接引语是疑问句,变间接引语后称为“间接疑问句”,间接疑问句语序：陈述语序.句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。,主句谓语动词:ask,wonder,want to know.,间接疑问句一般有三种
10、：1.直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,引导词:whether或if(是否)语序：陈述句语序句尾标点：随主句标点,He asked me,“Are you working now?”He asked me,Jim asked,“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked,whether/if,I,was working then,whether/if,he,had ever worked,in Shanghai,.,.,2.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,引导词:原来的疑问词语序：陈述句语序句尾标点：随主句标点,He asked,“Which
11、room do you live in?”,He asked me,“What do you think of the film?”She asked her friend.,She asked her friend,which room,I,lived in,what,she,thought of,the film,.,.,3.直接引语是选择疑问句,变间接引语时,引导词:whether/if or语序：陈述句语序句尾标点：随主句标点,Mum asked,“Is it your bike or Toms?”Mum asked,it,was,my bike,or,Toms,.,whether/i
12、f,直接引语是祈使句变间接引语,主句谓语动词动词常用 tell,ask,order,beg,request,order,直接祈使句,Jack said,“Please come to my house tomorrow,Mary.”Jack,“Dont touch anything.”He said.He,带to的不定式短语,tell/ask/order/beg/request/order sb.(not)to do sth.,asked,Mary,to go to,his house,the next day.,told,us,not to touch,anything.,用所给动词的正确形
13、式填空1.Dick said he_(report)some important things to us the next day.2.First of all,you must tell me what you _(do)at nine last night.3.My best friend told me he _(send)some gifts to me for my birthday.4.He didnt tell me if Lucy _(come)to see me in five days.5.The teacher told us the earth _(travel)ro
14、und the sun.,would report,were doing,had sent/would send,would go,travels,Tom says,“I am going to be a teacher.”Tom said _ _ going to be a teacher.2.Amy says,“Sally is hard-working.”Amy said _ _ hard-working.,he was,Sally was,Change the following into sentences reported speech.,3.My English teacher
15、says,“You are a good student.”My teacher told me _ _ a good student.4.Jack says,“My father is a doctor.”Jack said _ father _ a doctor.,I was/am,his,was,1.Mary asked,“Could you help me cook dinner?”Mary asked me2.He asked,“Why are you so late for school,Jimmy?”He asked Jimmy3.Will you tell me the ans
16、wer to this question?She asked,if I could help her cook dinner.,why he was so late for school.,if I would tell her the answer to that question.,4.Where are you going for vacation,Tony?I asked Tony5.Do you remember his birthday?She asked6.“What can I do for you?”he asked me.He asked me7.“Are you inte
17、rested in English?”he said.He asked,where he was going for vacation.,if I remembered her birthday.,what he could do for me.,if I was interested in English.,8.“How are you feeling now?”the doctor asked.The doctor asked me9.He said,“My best friend is Tom.”He said 10.“Dont eat in the classroom!”the teacher said to us.The teacher,how I was feeling then.,that his best friend is Tom.,told us not to eat in the classroom.,
