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1、复习动词的时态什么是动词？表示动作或状态的词叫动词。表示动作的有：speak, go, come等等，表示状态的有：be, have等等。 英语动词在时态中，语态中和语气等等当中都有所变化。 动词可以分为以下几个种类： 行为动词： 含有实在的意义，能表示动作或状态，在句子中能够独立作谓语。 e.g. Mary is reading a book. （表示动作） I am a teacher. （表示状态） 及物动词： vt. 及物动词的后面必须加宾语句子意义才完整。 e.g. You watch TV on Saturday. vt. +O 不及物动词： vi. 不及物动词的后面不可以直接跟宾
2、语，没有被动语态，如果要接宾语，必须加介词。 e.g. She speaks loudly. （vi.） Look at the blackboard. （加了介词at才能跟宾语blackboard） 连系动词： 我们常把连系动词称为系动词，在句子中作谓语，但是后面要接表语。这类词有：be, become, get, look, turn等等。 e.g. You are a student. Its getting hotter. Her face turned red when she heard the news. He looks strong. 助动词：助动词本身是没有意义的，它不能单
3、独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气来表示否定、疑问等等。 e.g. Does your mother go to work at seven every day? They didnt watch the football match last Sunday. The students have learned a lot of knowledge. How soon will the teacher finish going over the exam papers? 情态动词：情态动词有can, could, may, might, must, should, need等
4、表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话能力的语气或情态。情态动词只能与原形动词一起构成谓语动词，不可以单独作谓语。 e.g. Can you dance? Could you please tell me your name? You neednt hand in your homework now. You may hand in it tomorrow. We must speak politely to the old. 动词都有哪些基本形式呢？ 动词有5种形式：原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词最常用的形式。当然动词还有其它的形式。这几种形式和助动词一起构成了动词的时态，语态
5、和语气。在英语中有十大词类，而动词的变化是最多的。 1. 动词的过去式和过去分词可以分为规则和不规则的两种形式，规则动词的过去式和过去分词是在后面加ed构成 构成规则一般在动词末尾加ed，在清辅音后面念tworklookworkedlookedworkedlooked以不发音的e结尾的动词加d，在浊辅音和元音后面念dmoveliveusedmovedlivedusedmovedlivedused以辅音字母y结尾的动词，去y改为i，加edworrystudyworriedstudiedworriedstudied重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后一个字母，再加ed，在t,d后念id
6、planstopnodwantneedplannedstoppednoddedwantedneededplannedstoppednoddedwantedneeded 熟记不规则动词的过去式和过去分词，在练习中掌握。不规则动词表在初三全一册P255-P257上。 2. 动词的第三人称单数形式，是用于一般现在时，当主语是第三人称单数时。 规则： 一般动词在词尾加s，在清辅音后读s，在浊辅音后或元音后读z，在t后读ts，在d后读dz e.g. helpshelpsasksa:sksmakesmeiks swimswimzleavesli:vzplaypleiz getsgetsridesraidz
7、risesraisiz 以字母s，x，ch，sh结尾的动词加-es，读iz，如果动词原形词尾有e，则加s，以o结尾的动词也加es，读z e.g. teachteachesguessguesses closeclosesgogoes washwashesfixfixes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，去y改为i，再加es，读z e.g. flyfliestrytries carrycarriesworryworries 3. 动词的现在分词的构成 一般在动词原形后面直接加ing e.g. gogoingstudystudyingplayplaying 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加ing. e
8、.g. writewritingloselosingcloseclosing 重读闭音节，最后只有一个辅音字母结尾的动词，双写最后一个字母，再加ing. e.g. setsettingbeginbeginning sitsittinggetgetting 个别动词的变化为： diedyingtietyinglielying 死捆、系躺、说谎 4. 动词的时态 熟练掌握初中阶段学习过的一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时的构成和用法，及有关术语。 一般现在时 （1）表示经常反复发生的动作或现有的状态，主语的特征，能力等。 e.g. I often go to school
9、early. She is a doctor. John likes movies. （2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。 e.g. The earth moves around the sun. Three and three are six. （3）在时间、条件等状语从句中一般现在时表示将来的动作。 e.g. He will telephone me as soon as he gets to London. Well have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday. Dont move until mother comes back. （4）用于一般现在时，表示
10、按时间、时刻表，按计划安排好的动作，表示位置转移的动词。 e.g. The plane takes off at 3:00 in the afternoon. 飞机下午3点起飞。 Class begins at eight. 八点开始上课。 （5）在宾语从句或间接引语中，虽然主句是一般过去时态，但是从句部分如果是客观真理，谓语动词仍然要用一般现在时，不能随着主句而改变时态。 e.g. The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun. He said the moon is smaller than the sun
11、 because its for away from us. 请记住一般现在时谓语动词在句子中的变化。 动词be 肯定句否定句疑问句及简略回答 I am Im not Are you ? Yes, I am. No, Im not. 行为动词以speak为例： 肯定句否定句 I speak EnglishI dont （do not）speak English. YouYou TheyThey WeWe 主语动词第三人称单数主语doesnt +动词原形 疑问句及简略回答 Do you speak English? Does he / she / it speak English? Yes, I
12、 do. / we do. Yes, he /she / it does. No, I dont （do not）No, he / she / it does not （doesnt） No, we dont. （do not）Do they speak English? Yes, they do. No, they do not. （dont） 如何注意正确判断一般现在时呢？ 1. 表示经常反复发生的动作才能用一般现在时，句子中有always, often, usually, sometimes等频度副词，或者时间状语every day, in the morning 等等。 e.g. Do
13、 you often wash your hair? Yes, I do. Jim sometimes swims in the lake. What does your mother usually do on Sunday? Our teacher always helps us in her spare time. The students come to school early every Monday. 2. 表示现状或现在的感觉的词。 e.g. Mr Pope is a farmer. （表示现在的状态） John loves his parents very much. （表示
14、感觉） I like studying languages. Do you want to have a drink? We hope to go abroad. 切记： 行为动词的否定：助动词dont +动词原形 疑问：助动词Do +主语动词原形？ 当主语是第三人称单数时， 否定助动词以doesnt +动词原形 疑问句 助动词Does 主语动词原形？ 写出下列句子的否定句： 1. Lucy and Lily go to school five days a week. 2. They have many postcards. 3. Wei Fang has breakfast at scho
15、ol. 4. The shop sells expensive but nice things. 5. She does her homework carefully. 6. The twins are good at maths. 7. Susan dresses quickly every morning. 8. He watches TV in the evening. Key: 1. Lucy and Lily dont go to school five days a week. 2. They dont have many postcards. 3. Wei Fang doesnt
16、 have breakfast at school. 4. The shop doesnt sell expensive but nice things. 5. She doesnt do her homework carefully. 6. The twins arent good at maths. 7. Susan doesnt dress quickly every morning. 8. He doesnt watch TV in the evening. 将下列句子改成疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。 1. I live in Beijing. 2. My mother works in
17、 a university. 3. He spends much time on English. 4. Joe comes from Australia. 5. They have a lot of work to do these days. Key: 1. Do you live in Beijing? Yes, I do. No, I dont. 2. Does your mother work in a university? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. 3. Does he spend much time on English？ Yes, he d
18、oes. No, he doesnt. 4. Does Joe come from Australia? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. 5. Do they have a lot of work to do these days? Yes, they do. No, they dont. 用所给动词的适当形式填空： 1. Sara usually _ （help）mum when she _ （come）home early. 2. The bird often _ （fly）to the tree and _ （sing）happily. 3. _ you _ （
19、brush）your shoes in your spare time? 4. Please stay here till we _ （come）back. 5. What will you do if Mr Li _ （not finish）the papers in time? 6. _ （not touch）the things on show. 7. Father said the sun _ （rise）in the east. 8. Look, here _ （come）the teacher. 9. Please _ （remember）to call me as soon as
20、 you _ （get）to New York. 10. We _ （not think）you _ （be）right. Key: 1. helps, comes2. flies, sings3. Do, brush 4. come5. doesnt finish6. Dont touch 7. rises8. comes9. remember, get 10. dont think, are I. 单项选择： 1. Li Lin _ his homework in the morning. He _ English. A. isnt do, reads B. not does, read
21、C. doesnt do, reads D. doesnt do, read 2. What time _ she often _ home? A. is, getB. do, getC. does, getD. does, gets 3. _ you know the boy? _ boy? A. Are, whichB. Do, which C. Do, whatD. Does, which 4. Look, the boat _ a chicken. A. likesB. looks like C. look likeD. is look 5. Please _ your eyes cl
22、osed before I _ you the present. A. keep, giveB. keep, will give C. keep, givesD. keep, giving 6. _ you _ on the first floor? Yes, I do. A. Are, liveB. Have, lived C. Are, livingD. Do, live 7. If you _ polluting the water, more people will die of illness. A. arent stopB. dont stop C. will not stopD.
23、 not stop 8. Zhou will fail in the exam if he _ work hard. A. will notB. is not C. doesntD. dont 9. How _ you _ the film? Oh, wonderful! A. do, likeB. are, liking C. are, likeD. does, like 10. What _ you see in the sky at night in summer when it _ fine? A. do, will beB. are, is C. can, is D. can, wi
24、ll be II. 根据句意用方框内所给词组的适当形式填空：ringup, know, catch, as soon as possible, take, run 1. They _ part in the sports meeting tomorrow. 2. Look! Jenny _ fast. 3. The thief _ last night. 4. Were good friends. I _ him for three years. 5. If you need help, please _ me _. 6. I hope you can come to see me _. II
25、I. 补全对话： A: Good morning. B: Good morning, Sit down, please. 1 ? A: Im Emily. B: 2 . A: I felt weak and sick yesterday. B: 3 . A: Yes, I coughed the whole night. B: Have you taken your temperature? A: 4 . B: Let me take your temperature, Oh, it is serious. Youve got a fever. A: 5 B: You must take so
26、me medicine. A: 6 . B: Twice a day. Youd better drink plenty of water and stay in bed. 7 . A: Thank you very much. IV. 根据中文提示和英文词语完成句子： 1. 她不知道她妈妈为什么生她的气。 She didnt know _. 2. 他们喜欢住在北京。 They are enjoying _. 3. 住在城里与住在农村不同。 Living in the city _. 4. 春天来了，天气越来越暖和。 When spring comes, the weather gets _.
27、 5. 我们请他为我们唱一支歌。 We asked him _. 6. 我想知道他是否收到了大卫的信。 I want to know _ David. V. 完形填空： Birthdays are joyful days for everyone. People all over the world celebrate birthdays 1 various traditional ways. In China the special birthday food is long noodles, a symbol of long 2 . In Iceland, pancakes with ca
28、ndles rolled inside them are served on birthday. In Greece and Rome people 3 dotting （to place here and there）birthday cakes with lighted candles. They believe that 4 are be carried to the gods on rising flames. In Mexico, birthday greetings and held as early in the day 5 . The birthday person is a
29、waken at midnight by friends 6 birthday songs. In Thailand, two long candles are lighted the night before a birthday. Another Thai custom is 7 living fish and birds. The birthday person frees the animals, 8 they believe will bring good 9 . In Britain, a birthday is an 10 celebration. In Nigeria peop
30、le dont celebrate individual birthdays, 11 , everyone in a certain age group celebrates together 12 a certain day. Today birthday customs are 13 in many countries. Old customs are giving way to western style of birthday celebrations 14 candle-topped cakes are served. 15 different nations have differ
31、ent ways to celebrate birthdays, birthdays are wonderful days for everyone. 1. A. atB. inC. withD. by 2. A. liveB. aliveC. lifeD. living 3. A. keepB. getC. likeD. decide 4. A. hopeB. wishesC. wordsD. light 5. A. as possible B. as soon C. immediatelD. as usual 6. A. singB. singingC. to singD. sang 7.
32、 A. buyingB. boughtC. buyD. to buy 8. A. forB. thatC. whatD. which 9. A. songsB. luckC. giftsD. cakes 10. A. all dayB. one-hourC. all-dayD. one-year 11. A. InsteadB. AndC. OrD. Then 12. A. inB. duringC. afterD. on 13. A. happeningB. changingC. stayingD. appearing 14. A. on whichB. in whichC. on that
33、D. during which 15. A. ButB. AsC. WhenD. ThoughV. 阅读理解： A girl may pass easily through the first grades. While boys of her age bring home low marks, the girl may easily get good grades. Girls seem to have “better brains”in school. Why do so few girls become scientists? Why is the most important thin
34、king in adult world done by men? According to scientists, the answer is aggression (敌对行为). Boys usually refuse to accept other peoples conclusion. They insist on solving problems by themselves. While little girls are getting high marks in school for remembering what the teacher has told them, little
35、 boys are learning to think in their own ways. Boys are usually the ones who get high pay and the powerful job because they are to be aggressive at an early age. 1. Girls get better marks at school than boys become _. A. boys are lazier B. girls are better at remembering things than boys C. girls ar
36、e cleverer than boys D. teachers care more for girls than for boys 2. There are so few women scientists because _. A. boys are cleverer than girls B. girls are less cared for C. girls are lazier D. few of them are trained to be aggressive 3. According to the scientists _. A. boys are good at thinkin
37、g in their own ways while girls are remembering things. B. boys can easily get food jobs while girls cant C. girls insist on doing things on their own. D. the nature of the boys and girls is the same, but their education is different 4. In the view of the writer _. A. girls have better brains B. boy
38、s have better brains C. neither boys nor girls have better brains D. usually great scientists are men and most important things are done by men 5. Which of the following is right? A. Boys are cleverer in school. B. Girls are cleverer at an early age. C. Boys and girls have good points in different w
39、ays. D. Boys have good points only when they enter the adult world 试题答案I. 1. D2. C3. B4. B5. A 6. D7. B8. C9. A10. CII. 1. will take2. is running3. was taught 4. have known5. ring up6. as soon as possibleIII. 1. Your name, please? 2. Whats your trouble, madam? 3. Did you cough a lot last night? 4. N
40、o, I havent. 5. What shall I do, doctor? 6. How shall I take the medicine? 7. Youll get better soon. IV. 1. Why her mother was angry with her. 2. Living in Beijing. 3. is different from living in the country. 4. warmer and warmer 5. to sing a song for us. 6. if / whether he has heard from / has got a letter from V. 1. B2. C3. C4. B5. A 6. B7. D8. D9. B10. C 11. A12. D13. B14. A15. DVI. 1. B2. D3. A4. D5. C8
