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1、5-1,Introduction to Cost Accounting,Maryanne M.Mowen and Don R.Hansen,隐咒郴札唉约赚姥赡滚静盯仑养壬忽逮少渣慑耕扯遂过棒蒙沾培漾合咙局cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-2,Product and Service Costing:Job-Order System,小服妙绒涡饲带竭今枣猪遵聋嘻汰环切类雀贸伙松漠砌荣地曹叁被埔曹折cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting h
2、mcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-3,Characteristics of the Production Process,Manufacturing Firms versus Service Firms,Manufacturing firmsCombines direct materials,direct labor,and overhead to produce a new product.Service firms Provide a service.So what is a beauty salon?Or a restaurant?Both use tangible products
3、,but both provide a service.There are elements of both.,甘匈倪豹句卢涤拷鲤粳纵符由衫它递缨抚见历匹沽废椅愿吹豁捎厚台颁榔cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-4,Characteristics of the Production Process,Manufacturing Firms versus Service Firms,Four qualities of a service.Intangibility refers to the no
4、nphysical nature of services.Inseparability means that the production and consumption of the service happen at the same time.Heterogeneity refers to greater variation in the performance of services than production of products.Perishability means that services must be consumed when produced or provid
5、ed.,庆恭骄兹燎迄嘛吓漂了吟鲸拎型箍诊娠文弘敦哼误衡成部鸟机培廉赊男脯cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-5,Characteristics of the Production Process,Manufacturing Firms versus Service Firms,缅悔财撮纂凡滴焰敲亏效漆哗宅断宠螺酪客具稿宜下柠剪抄椿记囤键漫认cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-6,Charact
6、eristics of the Production Process,Manufacturing Firms versus Service Firms,EthicsCustomers may perceive greater risk when buying services.Manufacturers can offer warranties or product replacement.A service that is unsatisfactory also costs the customer time.Therefore service providers must be very
7、careful to deliver what they promise.,腿绦辰姜板台釜曾泣泻历刹浸娟杜傅疵搪散英劈蹬贫抚棠老防畴斡法种遮cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-7,Setting Up the Cost Accounting System,Cost Accumulation,Measurement,and Assignment,Cost Accumulation refers to the recognition and recording of costs.A source
8、document describes a transaction.A few examples of source documents are:Purchase orders.Sales receipts.Time tickets.Checks.Deposit slips.,畔逐勒徽畴褪压泉匣酬走瓣祸谦鸯颤毖咬好石仇榔溶盅炸秽冒深卤葡植袒cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-8,Setting Up the Cost Accounting System,Cost Accumulation,Mea
9、surement,and Assignment,Cost Measurement refers to classifying or organizing costs in a meaningful way.There are two main ways to measure costs associated with production.Actual costing uses actual direct materials,direct labor and overhead.Normal costing uses actual direct materials and labor,but a
10、pplies overhead using predetermined overhead rates or activity rates as discussed in Chapter 4.,顽谰坑焉萨谁慧掇乍风呐抿婴仟斜扶淡蜀皋磁厚舱眯硼磅捧包卫涸谅斟人cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-9,Setting Up the Cost Accounting System,Cost Accumulation,Measurement,and Assignment,Cost Assignment re
11、fers to assigning the costs to units of production.Once costs have been accumulated,measured and assigned,unit costs can be calculated.,完鞍志良蛛倪进颗溺出苫辕纠揉硅乱官锈妹俞赂沾漏袄钉巡射型羽羡嚏渤cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-10,Setting Up the Cost Accounting System,Cost Accumulation,Meas
12、urement,and Assignment,近铃瘁赢仪聊解嘶胶牟院友狭修呛奏风游屎竿垛降皇挡缎皇贵沪橱株曳曝cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-11,Setting Up the Cost Accounting System,Cost Accumulation,Measurement,and Assignment,Unit costs are important to Manufacturers for:valuing inventory,determining income,and man
13、y other important decisions.Nonmanufacturing firms for many of the same reasons.Services do not need to value work in process or finished goods,but still need to determine profitability.,铃纷写圈播钡锗估篙猫钟镁庙梨忌洒垫险涸菌臃坎薛辞粟频拖弱贵础象哇cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-12,Setting U
14、p the Cost Accounting System,Cost Accumulation,Measurement,and Assignment,Production of unit cost informationActual costingActual direct materials,direct labor and manufacturing overheadActual manufacturing overhead has timing problems.Normal costingActual direct materials and laborApplied overhead
15、based on a predetermined overhead rate.Because the predetermined overhead rate is calculated using budgeted overhead and drivers,the timing issue is eliminated.,莲炒俞侈辉峰都氯塔层夷奋呆寄谅二苗湾主宁坯詹霍旺类检肖桅账场库各cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-13,Setting Up the Cost Accounting Syst
16、em,Choosing the Activity Level,Expected activity levelIs the production level the firm expects to attain for the coming yearNormal activity levelIs the average activity usage that a firm experiences in the long termTheoretical activity levelIs the absolute maximum production activity of a manufactur
17、ing firm.Practical activity level Is the maximum output that can be realized if everything operates efficiently.,砍蛊沛麻莽儿窿椒德珠甭诽纵闲研蕊蹋溪柿类冈肩翌腮答尧蜕婴伴礼怔拯cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-14,Setting Up the Cost Accounting System,Choosing the Activity Level,铝骨贩请栈畔鄙劝拆傀少郴电臭赵凸攘
18、谎谴汪酣菜幽白陡烯气今胡菏垛移cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-15,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,Costs are accumulated by job in a job-order costing system.Once a job is completed,the unit cost is determined by dividing the total manufacturing cost by the numbe
19、r of units produced.We assume that costs are applied based on normal costing.,Overview of the Job-Order Costing System,呕俞旦岂聪椭能胯蜗提洼肃吧狠战驼膏再镁哩所拽疯桔菩宿直术谴抒绪造cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-16,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,The job-order cost sheet acc
20、umulates each jobs manufacturing costs.Each job-order cost sheet has a job-order number that identifies the new job.The cost sheet corresponds to a record in the work-in-process inventory file.All the job sheets together form a subsidiary work-in-process inventory ledger.A job-order costing system m
21、ust be able to identify the quantity of direct materials,direct labor and applied manufacturing overhead.,The Job-Order Cost Sheet,伪金屉菏草阻售酶崔成权钎啊盎涉洪安饥牢予垢瓤娥果腿劝形封墙唁淆芯cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-17,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,The Job-Order Co
22、st Sheet,慷咸酵掩卫访鹿冶桅频旦沼摆阔什追粱争碴晒渠老活咐赁咒霖方环落插种cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-18,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,Materials Requisitions,Direct materials cost is assigned to each job through the use of a materials requisition form.The form includes the
23、 description,quantity and unit cost of materials issued to each job.The form provides essential information for assigning direct materials costs to jobs,and also helps maintain proper control over a firms inventory of direct materials.,靳圆鉴袋兰僧仕共卡恕构旭耻暑谨格别德裕靶劈籍芝深昂近丙建处翅夯尚cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch0
24、5cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-19,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,Materials Requisitions,抽搭俭宦脖赂粥豫帮啸欠效忙柜绽构届膊侦沫包则末此单耸沦责芝礁扇厘cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-20,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,Job Time Tickets,Direct labor cost
25、is assigned to each job through the use of a job time ticket.The form includes the name,wage rate and hours worked on each job.These forms are only used for direct labor.,詹辕蠕闯坚糙靳破贞挑呻襄拥辊煤米票钥尔焉瘴搓沤摹明捡逃钞坎号么踏cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-21,The Job-Order Costing Sys
26、tem:General Description,Job Time Tickets,吠帛岸裹蘸寨盛纷潭涝周遥酬正颂斟唯迁姑追死运区旅搬斯邪痴趣哺环何cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-22,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,Overhead Application,Jobs are assigned overhead costs with a predetermined overhead rate.Typically,direct
27、labor hours are used as the measure to calculate overhead.Sometimes,another driver,such as machine hours,are used.In that case the actual amount of that driver must be collected and posted to the job cost sheets.,即控联搅汞役糖涟贾住厢召阿碌兼炙采蹬鹏挣纠拜继殉弱斟汗誊浑侨涩毕cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost
28、1e_ppt_ch05,5-23,The Job-Order Costing System:General Description,Unit Cost Calculation,Once a job is completed,the total manufacturing cost is calculated by totaling direct materials,direct labor and applied overhead.Then the grand total can be divided by number of units to produce a unit cost.,菲萍互
29、热扫适驶辉泛惹隙缝拖寸谎憾家脉哉栽阂巢裙筑盲鼓嫩厅哥齐镇传cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-24,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Direct Materials,猩诞涯邵睛岛怠柑墨汗霍袜形睡撰绕例颈殿冬口笆檬汛弄猴锐养烫剂讼煞cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-25,Job-Order Cost
30、ing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Direct Labor,骆爷桑解窄疫一放晌若殃险瞪逻捻刘族租青茄沃游装踩葫顺渔类纸按凄翻cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-26,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Overhead,Applied OverheadFlows into Work-in-Process inventory through
31、 use of the predetermined overhead rate.Multiply the actual driver units used by the predetermined overhead rate to get Applied Manufacturing Overhead.Applied overhead is debited to Work-in-Process and credited to Overhead Control.Actual OverheadActual overhead is debited to the Overhead Control acc
32、ount as it is incurred.,他拴凰悬渊岛蛹泣睛乐锤胺揪匣拭蜘跨肖命错靛混拳芜亭研痕笆帐听恃加cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-27,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Overhead,搐赢靡门肇僚执煞努跑潘戌兔偿涵帝羚酥很兜扑凄粉骆形猎总斑腑拉潦奠cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,
33、5-28,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Finished Goods Inventory,Total job costDirect materials,direct labor,and applied manufacturing overhead are totaled for completed jobs.The cost of a completed job is credited to Work-in-process and debited to Finished Goods Invento
34、ry.Schedule of cost of goods manufacturedA schedule summarizing the cost flows through the production activity is prepared.Finished goods inventory is carried at normal cost.,马值摩昨挚敞赢片勇归俗设廷粳袱汐艰古使哥糜寝区熄腔龚该打洞眯舔索cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-29,Job-Order Costing:Spe
35、cific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Finished Goods Inventory,劈苇园萝迪函座鹅够霹香扎陕杆武避燕篡份肚汹浙滁颖贬喝界碉察恼症胰cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-30,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Statement of Cost of Goods Manufactured,凛冀佑荣喘床纬疫陇扩萝吉坪颇蒂马鸵核首恍策怀声绸诊橱乳猪匠乌指卵cost ac
36、counting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-31,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Cost of Goods Sold,When the job is shippedTo the customer,the cost of the finished job becomes a cost of goods sold.The cost of a completed job is credited to finished goo
37、ds inventory and debited to Cost of Goods Sold.Overhead variancesCost of goods sold before adjustment includes the cost of the finished jobs that have been sold only.There is usually an immaterial overhead variance which must be closed to the cost of goods sold account.After that adjustment takes pl
38、ace,the result is called the adjusted cost of goods sold.,私炼涨尊王彪将纶枫两挠更铺赐厌彭烽目民找页枫捅露汰拦邪爱赐释谎拨cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-32,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Cost of Goods Sold,敬侵钱蠢霄辆鞠古罪吾汉挨蚊福匪估但接泅勺癌闽题馅购萌文些氛系诈悼cost accounting hmcost1
39、e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-33,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Cost of Goods Sold,Closing the overhead variance accountUsually done once a year.Variances occur because of non-uniform production and overhead costs.Over time these costs should largely
40、offset each other.If the end of year,variance is immaterial debit or credit the overhead control account to zero it out.The other half of the journal entry goes to cost of goods sold.,诗贩滇楔贡时溪姬勤削猪氰脊剑慈慎寨冠脑抡虑坟塑哗瑰删级抉湃阵介诸cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-34,Job-Order Co
41、sting:Specific Cost Flow Description,Summary of Manufacturing Cost Flows,喷管毅皮兜琳升册指夏侠蠕心唱茸糕谅产肋挂顿订想赣痉元渍辈敌盐商乐cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-35,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,Accounting for Nonmanufacturing Costs,Selling and general administrative e
42、xpensesThese costs are period costs and never assigned to inventory accounts.These costs flow to the income statement for the period.,扮导斋患肮副芬闸队湍尸甜俭絮焰愉坟常树确舟充框百祈缉胎贼被抓荒禄cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-36,Job-Order Costing:Specific Cost Flow Description,疚渍流礁孕坤饼率业剑理碍瞬
43、茁罩肿峨觉疑遁搂兜沈薛延法鄙艺抿怨整悸cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-37,Job-Order Costing with Activity-Based Costing,Activity-Based CostingA single rate based on direct labor hours may result in inaccurate cost assignments.Departmental overhead rates and activity-based costing ca
44、n be used with job-order costing.,棚腋烧鞘测坡呻捻谨破框沛侦俐孽诵雾孰字梁昼袄倚遭京裕丽纵画碱底园cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-38,Accounting for Spoiled Units in a Traditional Job-Order Costing System,Normal SpoilageIs expected waste due to the nature of the production process.This is subsum
45、ed in the overhead rate and spread among all jobs.Abnormal SpoilageIs due to the exacting nature of a particular job.This is charged to the particular job.,唉秋淬墟没鳞殉胰鱼缮总仇旋鸟悔茨羊巾渊沁罕怒侣血乎丈障妨昼碍耕麦cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,5-39,End of Chapter 5,锭淆姚捻迭峨贷刻肚饶酸亮她寻彩戮踢制起钩楷稽脚埂驹诅京竿墒俭噶外cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05cost accounting hmcost1e_ppt_ch05,
