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1、,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island,Section Three:Semester Review阶段3：学期复习郑州大学佛罗里达国际学院2009年12月16日蔡雁岭 博士(Jeffrey)Email:J,The Exam Scoring Sturcure,Attendance(10%)Open Book Exam(90%)填空题，50%，基于课本原文或课本内容选择题，40%，基于课本内容和课堂上所讲阅读选择题或填空题，10%，英文短文或现实新闻阅读Difficulty LevelEasy 60%,Normal 30%,
2、Hard 10%,Backup Slides:Details of What Weve Learned,Different Names for Britain and its Parts,1.Official name:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,2.The Definition of The UK.,Great Britain and England.,England,Scotland,WalesNorthern Ireland.,Great Britain Ireland hundreds of sma
3、ll ones.,The UK,Great Britain,3.The British Isles:,the British Isles,Great Britain and England,the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,加的夫Cardiff,贝尔法斯特 Belfast,North Sea,North Atlantic Ocean,English Channel,Strait of Dover,(1)England is in the southern part of Great Britain.Capital:
4、London.,(2)Scotland is in the north of Great Britain.Capital:Edinburgh.,(3)Wales is in the west of Great Britain.Capital:Cardiff.,(4)Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK.Capital:Belfast.,I.The Celtic people from Europe(100AD),II.Roman Invasion(55BC-410AD),III.The Anglo-Saxons From Germany
5、(446-871),IV.Viking and Danish invasions,V.The Norman Conquest(1066)诺曼征服,VI.British Empire.(1400-1946),Brief History of Great Britain,UK Capital-London,The capital of both England and the United Kingdom.Founded by the Romans,and then named Londinium.A preeminent global city and one of the worlds lar
6、gest financial centersCentral London is home to the headquarters of more than half of the UKs top 100 listed companies(the FTSE 100)and more than 100 of Europes 500 largest.Influence in politics,education,entertainment,media,fashion,the arts and culture,When a man is tired of London he is tired of l
7、ife.-Samuel Johnson(1709-1784),London Location,The Travel through England,Hastings Battle:改变英国历史的经典战役，国王Harold战死，法国威廉一世即位；Brighton：19世纪的奢华娱乐场所；London：全球性的大都会中心；Town Whitby：库克船长（Caption James Cook）的海港，吸血鬼（vampire Count Dracula）的故乡;Hadrians Wall：罗马人的“长城”；Carlisle-Settle line:蒸汽机车铁路线，工业革命的重要成就象征；Liverp
8、ool：英帝国时期最繁忙的海港及移民入口，the Beetles的故乡；Stonehenge：史前石柱群，早期人类文明的标识；Tintagel Castle：传奇亚瑟王（King Arthur）的诞生地。a Romano-British leader who fought against the invading Anglo-Saxons sometime in the late 5th to early 6th century,National Flag of the UK(Union Flag),Note:It consists of the red cross of Saint Geor
9、ge(patron saint of England),edged in white,superimposed on the Cross of St Patrick(patron saint of Ireland),which are superimposed on the Saltire of Saint Andrew(patron saint of Scotland).,Cross of St Patrick,red cross of Saint George,Saltire of Saint Andrew,Flags of England,Scotland,Northern Irelan
10、d,and Wales,National Anthem,God Save the Queen如在位的是男性君主，国歌改为God Save the King The first song to be used as a national anthem;The first German national anthem used the melody,also Russia(until 1833)and Switzerland Australia(as royal anthem),Canada(often played at public events),New Zealand(one of nat
11、ional anthem),UK Symbols,National flower：National bird：,红胸鸽(redbreast/robin),Rose,The Monarchy,I.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy,the head of state is a king or a queen.,.,II.The monarch actually has no real power.The monarchs power are limited by law and Parliament.III.Magna Carta Li
12、bertatum,1215(the Great Charter of Freedoms)signed by King John of England;IV.Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution(or Bloodless Revolution)in 1688 with overthrow of the King James II of England.,Constitutional monarchies,Contemporary constitutional monarchies include:Australia
13、,Belgium,Cambodia,Canada,Denmark,Japan,Luxembourg,Malaysia,The Netherlands,Norway,Spain,Sweden,Thailand and the United Kingdom.,UK Government,The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of governmentExecutive power is exercised by the UK government,the devolved governments of Scotland and W
14、ales,and the Executive of Northern Ireland.Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of Parliament,the House of Commons and the House of Lords,as well as in the Scottish parliament and Welsh and Northern Ireland assemblies.The judiciary is independent of the executive a
15、nd the legislature,though several senior judges are still members of the House of Lords,which is currently the highest court of the UK for civil cases and the highest court of England and Wales for criminal cases.,Houses of Parliament,UK,Schooling Patterns in the state sector in England,*Standard As
16、sessment Tests(SATs)towards the ends of Key Stage 2,Shrewsbury Sixth Form College in Shrewsbury,Shropshire,England.(Lower and Upper Six(th)or Junior College),英国学位可分为学士学位(Bachelor Degree)、硕士学位(Master Degree)和博士学位(Doctor of Philosophy)。学士学位或称第一学位，攻读学士学位课程的学生，通常需要三年时间。,Higher education typically begins
17、 with a 3-year Bachelors Degree.Postgraduate degrees include Masters Degrees,either taught or by research,and Doctor of Philosophy,a research degree that usually takes at least 3 years.Universities require a Royal charter in order to issue degrees,and all but one are financed by the state with a low
18、 level of fees for students.,Higher Education,School HolidaysThe main summer holiday is from mid-July to early September.Children also have 2 weeks holiday at Christmas and at Easter.,The school year is 39 weeks long and is divided into three terms:英国学年分为三学期制，学年由910月开始，至第二年67月结束。三学期的开学时间分别是 910月、1月和
19、4月。,UK Peoples General Traits,The British are said to be reserved in manners,dress and speech.They are famous for their politeness,self-discipline and especially for their sense of humor.British people have a strong sense of humor which sometimes can be hard for foreigners to understand.Contemporary
20、 middle-class cultureReserved personalityGenerous and hospitableWonderful sense of gentle humorStrict privacy(thus immigrants hard to assimilate into Britains society),British Courtesy,Good manners are important!Table mannersSit straight,keep elbow off the table,no talking with full of food in mouth
21、No picking up knife and fork with one handSocial manners“Please”,“thank you”Hat off when meeting a womanUse persons titlesCommunity over individual,e.g.always queuing,British Pageantry and Royalty,Pageantry(pomp)is rooted in Tradition;Golden coaches,beautiful horses,mounted cavalry in scarlet coats,
22、“As long as there is a monarchy,all must be right with the world!”Arguments on Royal familyThe money spent on Royal family,Class Social System,Not the money to decides ones class in UK!Education,language patterns,regional accents,leisure activities,and even foodUpper classRoyal familyLords,including
23、 earls,barons,and viscountsMiddle classUpper-middle class,including doctors,lawyers,clergymen,small land owners,etc.Lower-middle class,including white collar workers and shop ownersBottom classBlue collar workers(factory workers,mechanics and shop assistants),Education and social class,Upper-and mid
24、dle-classExpensive“public”private schools,Eton or Harrow;Normal familyFree state schoolsGrammar schools(good students)or comprehensive schools(regular students)University diplomasA LevelAssociate degreeBachelor degreeMaster degreeDoctorate degree,Health Care System and Family,National Health Care(NH
25、C)SystemAll health care is freeWorking woman and late marriageGrandparents not live together,Housing,Flats,including semi-detached house and apartments;Expensive housing;Most people strive to buy a house of their own;British are great gardeners and take great pride in their own piece of ground;Lawn
26、and flowers,especially roses,English Garden,a style of landscape garden which emerged in England in the early 18th century,presented an idealized view of nature,Asymmetrical!,Food in UK Home,Light BreakfastOrange juice,cold cereal,toast and coffee or tea,fried or scrambled eggs;LunchSoup,sandwiches,
27、sliced meat,salads and bread or rolls;Dinner Main meal;Meat,potatoes,vegetables,rice or pasta,a salad followed by cheese and crackers and fruit or ice cream for dessert;,brunch,A full English breakfast with scrambled eggs,sausage,black pudding,bacon,mushrooms,baked beans,hash browns,and half a tomat
28、o.,often advertised as Traditional English Breakfast,The simpler continental breakfast of tea,coffee and fruit juices with croissants or pastries.,A croissant,Food in UK(Cont.),Afternoon TeaBlack tea with sugar and milkThinly cut sandwiches,cakes and biscuits,scones with clotted cream and strawberry
29、 jamScottish food is differentLarger breakfast,main meal at noon,High tea,combines tea time food and light supper,Food in UK Home(Cont.),The big meal(formal dinning)Sunday or holidaysNuclear and extended family membersCourses of the big mealAn appetizer(starters or snacks),soup,fish,salad,main cours
30、e,dessert and cheese and crackersWines,Wines in UK and US,Table winesMade of fermented grape juiceIn US,refer to“ordinary wines”as a wine style,different from Fortified wines and Sparkling wines;In UK,refer to the lowest level of wine classification(vs.the superior).Fortified wine A distilled bevera
31、ge(usually brandy)has been addedSweeter and strongerAs dessert wines in USAbout 20%alcohol by volume(ABV)Sparkling wineA wine with significant levels of carbon dioxideCelebrate holidays,milestones and achievementsChampagne(from France),Prosecco and Asti(from Italy),Cava(from Spain)and domestic spark
32、ling white wine.11%13%Spirits(Liquor)a distilled beverage that contains no added sugar at least 20%ABVPopular spirits include brandy,fruit brandy,gin,rum,tequila,vodka,and whisky.,Restaurants and Pubs,British restaurants and foreign cuisinePub or public houseBeer drinkingTalking and drinking after w
33、orkMeet friends and play game like darts or skittlesMeals like sandwiches,soups,hot meat pies,baked potatoes,bread and cheese.,UK Religion,Church of EnglandA protestant church created by King Henry VIII in the 16th C;Do not regularly attend the church.Other religionsRoman catholic still exists in Br
34、itish IslesMethodism,Jewish,Islam,British Hobbies,Gardening Horseback ridingHorse Sportsthe first races to take place in Britain were organized by soldiers of the Roman Empire in Yorkshire around 200 ADHorse racingSteeplechase(National Hunt racing)Flat-track racing(flat racing)Polo Fox hunting,A ste
35、eplechase race,In the UK and Ireland the official term now used for the sport is National Hunt racing.Originated in Ireland in the 18th century The first recorded steeplechase over a prepared track with fences was run in Bedlam,North Yorkshire in 1810.,Jockeys the riders,Polo is a team sport played
36、on horseback in which the objective is to score goals against an opposing team.,China,Tang Dynasty,A game first played in Persia/Iran at dates given from the 6th century BC,Fox hunting originated in the United Kingdom in the 16th century,Red Fox,An English foxhound,Mass Media,British Broadcasting Co
37、mpany(BBC)Sponsored by the national governmentRadio and television programs“BBC English”British people spend much time watching TVUsed to be a nation of readers,but now replaced by TV and computers,British Sports,Sports clubsSoccer(Premier League),Rugby(Super League),Tennis(Wimbledon),Lawn bowling,c
38、ricket Amateur and the gentlemen vs.professional and the playersThe sports like soccer,tennis,rugby and golf are originated in BritainSports spiritsIn UK,“it doesnt matter if you win or lose its how you play the game”In US,“winning isnt everything it is the only thing!”The competitive edge that is n
39、eeded to play world-class sports has never been a part of the British upbringing.Olympics Game 2012,LondonGreat Britain won a total of 47 medals and 19 gold in Olympics 2008,Beijing(the Chinas numbers?),100 and 51,The Championships,Wimbledon,held in late June and early July,one of the four Grand Sla
40、m tennis tournaments,Live Entertainment,Repertory theaterGlobe TheaterShakespeares playsSymphony orchestra Choral societyJazz ensemblesAmateur dramatic groupsAmusing musical worksGilbertSullivanStand-up comicsNight clubs featureFilms,Easter Good FridayEaster SundayEaster MondayBank HolidaysBeing so
41、called because banks are shut on these days(but not necessary in fact)A Monday at the end of MayAnd a Monday at the end of AugustGuy Fawkss Day(Nov 5th)The guy who planned to blow up the house of Parliament in 1605(religion conflict)Celebrate by burning self-made Guys with old clothes and stuffed wi
42、th strawTar Barrel RollingChristmas(Dec 25th)Boxing Day(Dec 26th,27th or 28th)The day after Christmas,but not always Dec 26A charity day in earlier time,but now becomes the biggest shopping day of the year in UKNew Year(Jan 1st)A big celebrationFirst footing,especially observed by Scots,British Holidays,
