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1、动词专题复习,A、考点:一、七种时态(过去、现在、将来?一般、进行还是完成?）一般现在时(及被动语态)现在进行时现在完成时一般将来时(及被动语态)一般过去时(及被动语态)过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时（不单独考察,但阅读理解会有）,1、动词时态（1）一般现在时表示现在经常做的事，习惯性动作，现在的状态，或者客观真理。注意动词的第三人称单数形式。（2）现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。构成：am,is,are+现在分词（动词的ing形式）（3）现在完成时。结构：have/has+过去分词现在完成时的两个含义：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。（着重现在的结果。）现在完成时表示过去已
2、经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。用延续性动词。,（4）一般将来时表示从现在看将要发生的事（将会怎么样），或计划打算做某事。结构：will+动词原形，be going to+动词原形（5）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作。动词要用过去式。（6）过去进行时指过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，也表示一个动作进行时，另一个动作突然发生，或者一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。结构：was/were+现在分词（动词的ing形式）,（7）过去将来时是指从过去的某一时间看，将要发生的事，或某人说过他要干什么。结构：would+动词原形（8）过去完成时是指到过去的某个时间为止已经完成的动作，或者指过去的某个时
3、间之前已经发生或完成的动作（过去的过去）。结构：had+过去分词。,2、时态一致原则：（1）在宾语从句中，如果主句是现在时，从句的动词可根据意义，用所需的任何时态。（2）在宾语从句中，如果主句是过去时，从句的时态一般要用过去的某个时态（客观真理除外）。在宾语从句中，如果主句是过去时，从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，要用过去完成时（过去的过去）。在宾语从句中，如果主句是过去时，从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，要用过去将来时：would+动词原形（3）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中（或在让步状语从句中），如果主句是一般将来时（或祈使句，或含情态动词can,may,must），从句要用一般现在时表示将来
4、。,二、动词形式（1）原形（除“一般现在时的第三人称单数”外的一般现在时、祈使句、不带to的动词不定式，助动词will/wont/do/dont/does/doesnt/did/didnt等后接动词原形，情态动词+动词原形等）（2）带to的动词不定式(to+动词原形)（3）动词的-s形式（用于一般现在时的第三人称单数）（4）动词的ing形式（动名词，现在分词）（5）过去式（用于一般过去时）（6）过去分词（构成完成时和被动语态）,1、动词原形（1）一般现在时除单三形式都用原形。（2）祈使句：动词原形开头,可加please,let。否定祈使句 Dont+动词原形（3）助动词do,does,did帮
5、助构成疑问句后用动词原形，dont,doesnt,didnt,will,wont+动词原形（4）情态动词can,could,cant,couldnt,may,must,mustnt,should 等+动词原形,（5）had better do sth,had better not do sth.（6）why not do sth?（7）would you please do sth?would you please not do sth?（8）prefer to do sth rather than do sth else,（9）不带to的动词不定式使役动词let,have,make sb.d
6、o sth(改为被动语态要加to)感官动词 see,hear,watch,feel,notice(注意到)sb.do sth.(改为被动语态要加to)(看到，听到，感到，注意到某人做了某事)注意：see,hear,watch,notice sb.doing sth(看到，听到，感到，注意到某人正在做某事),2、带to的不定式动词不定式的否定Mother told me not to go out alone at night.跟动词不定式的动词want(sb)to do sthask(sb)to do sth.tell(sb)to do sth.seem to do(be)wish to do
7、 sthhope to do sth,agree to do sthexpect(sb)to do sthrefuse to do sthdecide to do sthmake a decision to do sthafford to do sthhave enough to do sthlearn to do sthtry to do sthfail to do sthfind sb.to be.,动词不定式作定语Lets get something delicious to eat.Its ones duty to do sth.wait for ones turn to do sth
8、.动词不定式表目的use sth.to do sth be used to do sthdo(try)ones best to do sthHe flew to Beijing to spend his holiday.He came to give us a talk yesterday.,形容词+动词不定式be enough to do sthbe afraid to do sthbe sorry to dobe glad to doBe careful to do sthIts(for sb.)to do sth.Its(of sb.)to do sth.too to结构,疑问词+动词不
9、定式where to go,what to do,how to do it,how to answer the question下面的半情态动词含toused to do sth would like to do sthbe able to do sthhave to do sth,3、动词的-ing形式-动名词动名词做主语Traveling by air is very exciting.Taking care of our environment is very important.动名词做宾语keep doing sth.practise doing sthenjoy doing sth
10、 finish doing sthbe worth doing sth give up doing sthkeep on doing sth carry on doing sthfeel like doing sth,介词+动名词作宾语be good at doing sthdo well in doing sthinstead of doing sthstop sb.(from)doing sthprevent sb.(from)doing sthkeep sb.from doing sth(阻止某人做某事)keep sb.doing sth（使某人不断做某事）,4、既可以跟动词不定式又可以
11、跟动名词的动词like,love,hate(恨，讨厌）,begin,start5、下列动词跟动词不定式和跟动名词意思不同remember doing sth 记得做了remember to do sth 记着要做forget doing sth 忘记做过了forget to do sth 忘了要做stop doing sth 停止做某事stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事go on doing sth 继续做go on to do sth 接下来做,6、动词的-ing形式-现在分词现在分词表伴随动作be busy doing sthBeethoven worked all night
12、 writing down the new piece of music.friends get together and go from house to house singing Christmas songs.现在分词用于进行时:现在进行时:am/is/are+现在分词 过去进行时:was/were+现在分词,7、过去分词（规则变化+ed,不规则变化）过去分词构成完成时、被动语态 现在完成时:have/has+过去分词 被动语态一般现在时:am,is,are+过去分词 一般过去时:was,were+过去分词 一般将来时:will be+过去分词 含情态动词:can/may/must b
13、e+过去分词,B、做题方法：1、根据上下文和关键词（信号词）判断时态。2、注意动名词、不定式、原形3、注意单、复数4、想着被动语态,04年真题 A Jim is a lovely boy,but he 81(have)a bad memory.Last Sunday morning.Tom 82(play)in his bedroom when his mother asked him 83(go)shopping.She told him not to forget to buy six oranges,ten eggs and some meat.Mum,I 84 _(remember).
14、Tom answered with a smile.When he 85(return)home and saw his mother,his face turned red.He said,I am sorry,mum.I have forgotten to buy oranges and meat.I remembered to buy the eggs,but I dropped four of them.,has,was playing,to go,will remember/have remembered,returned,BDear Li Ping,I havent heard f
15、rom you for long.How are you 86(get)on with your work?I 87 _(finish)the exams already.I think I 88 _(be)able to pass them.Now I have much time 89 _(write)this letter to you.At school we are often 90 _(tell)that China is a beautiful country.Though it is far away from New York.I d like to go there one
16、 day.Please write back soon.,have finished,will be,to write,told,05年真题 AA:May I（81）_（speak）to Susan,please?B:Speaking.Is that you.Tom?A:Yes.it is.Im going to New York tomorrow.B.Oh,how lucky you are!How long（82）_you _（stay）there?A:Two days.Well,Susan,you（83）_（be）there several times.Can you tell me s
17、omething about the city?B:Id love to.We can have a talk this evening.A:Why（84）_（not come）over to dinner at my house at five oclock?My mother（85）_（cook）for us now.B:OK.See you at five oclock.A:See you.,speak,have,stayed,have been,not come,is cooking,BIn England nobody under the age of eighteen（86）_（a
18、llow）to drink in a bar（酒吧）.Everyone（87）_（know）it well.It was Jacks eighteenth birthday yesterday.Mr.Smith（88）_（take）him to his usual bar for the first time.They drank for half an hour,and then Mr.Smith said to his son,“Now,Jack,（89）_（listen）to me.You must always be careful（90）_（not drink）too much.”“
19、But how can I know I have had enough?”“Well,I will tell you.Do you see those two lights at the corner of the bar?When you see four there,youve had enough and should go home.”“But,Dad,”said Jack,“I can only see one light there.”,is allowed,knows,took,listen,not to drink,06年真题 AOne night,a 5-year-old
20、son(81)_(teach)by his mother about God.“Do you know that God(82)_(know)where everybody is,and exactly what they are doing.So if you do something wrong,he(83)_(get)angry.”The little boy(84)_(look)at his mother and said,“Wow!He must(85)_(have)a computer!”,was told,knows,will get,looked,have,BSummer(86
21、)_(come)now.If its a bright clear day outside,you had better(87)_(wear)a pair of sunglasses.They can help you stop the sunshine from(88)_(hurt)your eyes.If you(89)_already _(regard)sunglasses as a part of your summer life,thats good.If not,please(90)_(learn)to do so.,is coming,/has come,wear,hurting
22、,have,regarded,learn,A My little brother is a couch-potato(电视迷).He can keep 6_(watch)TV for a whole day without a rest.One day,when he7_(watch)TV,he8_(stop)by my mother.Mother said to him,“If you9_(watch)it for too long.Your eyes5_(become)bad!”,watching,was watching,was stopped,watch,will become,Exe
23、rcises:,B I think the children can _(1 share)some housework,its a big help because parents _(2work)hard every day.Last Sunday morning,I _(3 plan)to play football,but when I saw my mum _(4 get)ready for the washing.I decided to help her.So I told my friends _(5 play)football by themselves.Mum was hap
24、py to see that,she was proud of me.,share,work,planned,getting,to play,C Im busy working these days.I(1)_(not receive)any news from my family since last Sunday.Now I(2)_(send)an e-mail to them.My father(3)_(tell)me to buy him a new TV set.He enjoys(4)_(watch)TV plays.If I am free,Ill buy one for him
25、.I think he will be very happy(5)_(see)it.,havent received,am sending,told,watching,to see,DXiao Qing likes_(1play)computers games very much.He used _(2play)games in the Internet bar every day.But now he _(3study)hard.He said,“I _(4waste)a lot of time.I must work harder_(5catch)up with my classmates
26、.”Its never too late to study!,playing/to play,to play,is studying,have wasted,to catch,E All of my students think Im a good teacher.I(1)_(work)in the school since 1999.I am always nice to my students.I often(2)_(help)them with their school work.So I(3)_(regard)as their best friend.They love me very
27、 much and they often do something nice for me.One day before Teachers Day,some of my students(4)_(buy)me some presents.When they gave me the presents,they said“Thank you for teaching us so well and we(5)_(study)harder than before.”How nice my students are!,have worked,/have been working,help,am rega
28、rded,bought,will study,FThe 2008 Olympic Games _(6 hold)in Beijing.So more and more people _(7 learn)to speak English.Gao Ming is a Junior school student,his English is good and he _(8 be)a volunteer(志愿者).These days,he _(9 be)busy teaching his neighbors English.“_(10 make)more contributions to the 2008 Olympic Games is essential”,he said.,will be held,are learning,is,is,Making,
