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1、Chinese-English Translation,汉英翻译,之,主语的处理,分析下列句子的主谓结构，再将其译为英语。,1.这件事你不用操心。2.全市都在兴建新的住宅。3.发明计算机是人类历史上的一大奇迹。4.应当强调指出(emphasize),激光并不是一种能源。5.一见到他我就恶心。6.人生也许就是不断地放下，然而令人痛心的是，我都没能好好地与他们道别。(少年派的奇幻漂流）All of life is an act of letting go,but _.,1.这件事你不用操心。You dont have to worry about this.2.全市都在兴建新的住宅。New hou
2、ses are being built all over the city.3.发明计算机是人类历史上的一大奇迹。The invention of the computer is a marvel in human history.,4.应当强调指出(emphasize),激光并不是一种能源。It should be emphasized that the laser is in no sense an energy source.5.一见到他我就恶心。The sight of him disgusts me.,6.人生也许就是不断地放下，然而令人痛心的是，我都没能好好地与他们道别。(少年派的
3、奇幻漂流）All of life is an act of letting go,but _.All of life is an act of letting go,but what hurts the most is not taking a moment to say goodbye.,主语的处理,1.汉语“topic+comment”结构译为英语主谓结构,2.改变原句主语,3.汉语无主句译为英语主谓结构,4.主语译为从句、分词或不定式结构,5.人称主语有时可译为非人称主语,1.汉语“topic+comment”结构译为英语主谓结构,1.这个问题我们以后再说。A.This problem,
4、well talk about later.B.Well talk about this problem later.2.将来的生活我们无法预料。A.As for the future life,we can not foresee.B.We can not foresee our future life.,2.改变原句主语,昨天他们表演得很成功。They performed very successfully yesterday.Their performance yesterday was very successful.她从来没想到他是个不诚实的人。She has never thoug
5、ht that he is a dishonest man.It never occurred to her that he was a dishonest man.,3.汉语无主句译为英语主谓结构,利用煤和石油可以制成各种各样有用的东西。All sorts of useful things can be produced from coal and oil.有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar.,4.主语译为从句、动名词或不定式结构,吃得太多，并不会使人更健康；相反，吃得太多，尤其是吃含脂肪多的食物
6、，会对人体的健康有害。因此，节食是可取的。(preferable)Eating too much will not make people healthier;on the contrary,too much food,especially fatty food,will do harm to peoples health.Therefore,to be on a diet is preferable.,5.人称主语有时可译为非人称主语,英语比较注重客体思维，常用非人称的物体或是抽象概念充当句子的主语。汉语则比较注重主体思维，常用人称作主语。基于这一差异，翻译时可做相应转换。计算机产业在过去十
7、年里取得了巨大的进展。The last decade has seen the great advance in computer industry.,选择不同主语翻译下面的句子,只有在显微镜下才能看见红血球。(microscope,red cells)a)Only under the microscope can we see red cells.b)Red cells can be seen only under the microscope.c)A microscope is needed(for us)to see red cells.,主语的确定应遵循的原则：,1.必须添加必要的主语
8、2.必须符合句中应突出的信息3.必须符合英美人的思维方式4.必须符合句中的逻辑关系5.必须符合行文连贯的需要,电影台词：武状元苏乞儿King of Beggars,1.I know that one,too.2.Listen,kid.Ill teach you some manners.3.So youve broken the law,you should be arrested.4.Its my duty to arrest anyone who breaks the law.5.According to Qing law,we must all wear a plait or face
9、death.,6.Ive put poison in all the food.7.Now,finally,well take our revenge.8.Oh,youre my kind of woman.9.Im willing to marry Miss Snow and love her for the rest of my life,or my nose will grow.10.and to prove Im the best wont take very long.,1.上海曾经发生过很多重大的历史事件。（witness）2.墙壁和天花板使用了吸音材料。(sound absorbing material)3.利用煤和石油可以制成各种各样有用的东西。4.要创造新物质,就需要一个超热和高能的环境。(an exceedingly hot and energy-dense environment)5.一想到要吻它我就恶心。（青蛙王子）（thought）,Thanks!,
