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1、Unit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes,Text A The Freedom GiversText B The Dream,the Stars and Dr.King 外研03 M0352010 孙丹丹,Part I Pre-reading Task:Abraham,Martin and John Enjoy a piece of music(originally sung byDion,the chief singer of the Belmonts),Text A:The Freedom Givers,Abraham,Martin and John,Has anybody h
2、ere seen my old friend Abraham?Can you tell me where hes gone?He freed a lot of people,But it seems the good die young,But I just looked around and hes gone.Has anybody here seen my old friend John?Can you tell me where hes gone?He freed a lot of people,But it seems the good die young,But I just loo
3、ked around and hes gone.,Has anybody here seen my old friend Martin?Can you tell me where hes gone?He freed a lot of people,But it seems the good die young,But I just looked around and hes gone.Didnt you love the things they stood for?Didnt they try to find some good for you and me?And well be free.
4、Someday soon,its gonna be One day.Has anybody here seen my old friend Bobby?Can you tell me where hes gone?I thought I saw him walkin Up over the hill,With Abraham,Martin and John.,Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:,1.Can you guess who Abraham,Mar
5、tin,John and Bobby are?2.What did these people stand for and their special contributions?3.Do you know why they all died young and who killed them?4.Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?,1.They are Abraham Lincoln,Martin Luther King,President John F.Kennedy and Bobby Kenne
6、dy,John Kennedys brother.2.They stood for the civil-rights leaders,who advocated black civil-rights.3.They were assassinated young because they fought for the civil-rights,which resulted in making many enemies.4.The texts in this unit are going to talk about the civil-rights and its givers.,Part II
7、Background Information1.Knowledge of American geography,The Southern States(marked with blue and green):Al:Alabama,Ar:Arkansas;F:Florida;G:Georgia;L:Louisiana;M:Mississippi;N:North Carolina;S:South Carolina;Ten:Tennessee;Tex:Texas and V:VirginiaThe Deep South states are marked with green.,2.Freedom
8、and rights:,Freedom of the individual is considered one of the essential features of western civilization,which is itself sometimes called the Free World.This freedom is often expressed in terms of rights to do certain things or to be treated in a particular way.When a person does something that oth
9、ers think strange,British and American people will often say,“Its a free country,”meaning that although thy disagree with the choice they recognize the other persons right to make it.,3.The civil rights movement,(in the US)the national campaign by African-Americans for equal rights,especially in the
10、 1950s and 1960s.The campaign included boycotts(=refusals to buy particular products),the actions of freedom riders,and in 1963 a march to Washington led by Martin Luther King.It succeeded in causing the introduction of bussing and affirmative action.The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Right
11、s Act of 1965 were also introduced as a result of the civil rights movement,which has helped to change the attitudes of many white Americans.,4.The Underground Railroad,A secret system used in the US before the Civil War for helping thousands of slaves to escape to the free northern states or Canada
12、.The slaves were called“passengers”,the people who helped them were“conductors”,and the slaves hid in“stations”(safe houses)along the way.,.,5.Josiah Henson,He was born a slave on 15th June,1789 in Charles County,Maryland.He was sold three times before he reached the age of eighteen.By 1830,Henson h
13、ad saved up$350 to purchase his freedom.After giving his master the money he was told that the price had increased to$1,000.Cheated of his money,Henson decided to escape with his wife and four children.After reaching Canada,Henson formed a community where he taught other ex-slaves how to be successf
14、ul farmers.His autobiography,The Life of Josiah Henson(1849)was read by Harriet Beecher Stowe and inspired her best-selling novel,Uncle Toms Cabin.,6.Levi Coffin,He was born in Greensboro,on 28th October,1798.Later he became as a member of the Society of Friends,Coffin attempted in 1821 to start a s
15、chool for slaves but their owners refused to allow them to attend.In 1826 Coffin moved to Newport,Indiana.This was on the route where fugitive slaves made their way from the South to Canada.Coffin soon became involved in helping the runaways and it has been estimated that over 3,000 slaves stayed at
16、 his home during their journey.,Built in 1827 and now a National Historic Landmark,this house was owned by Levi Coffin(1789-1877),a Quaker abolitionist.Because of his outstanding role in the operation of the Underground Railroad,Coffin has been termed its president.It is believed that Coffin and his
17、 wife Catherine helped more than 2,000 fugitive slaves escape to freedom,using this house as a principal depot.http:/www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/in2.htm,7.John Parker,John Parker was born into slavery in Norfolk,Virginia in 1827.He bought his freedom for$1,800 and in 1849 he and his wife mo
18、ved to Ripley where he worked in the ironworks.Parker was an integral part of the Underground Railroad;he helped fugitive slaves cross the Ohio River from Kentucky as they went north to freedom.For nearly fifteen years Parker risked his life and his own freedom by hiding in coffins,diving off a stea
19、mboat into the river with bounty hunters on his trail as he fought for the freedom of the enslaved.,The John Parker House in Ripley,Ohio,Part III Comprehension Questions:,1.Why did Barbara Carter speak proudly of her great-great-grandfather?2.Why did the author travel to Hensons last home?3.What was
20、 the Underground Railroad?Who forged it?4.Why did the author want to tell the readers the stories of the heroes of the Underground Railroad?5.How did John Parker win his freedom?6.Why did some people try to capture John Parker?7.Why did Levi Coffin,a white man,help black slaves to freedom?8.What ris
21、ks did Coffin run while helping slaves?9.What difficulties did the slaves have in traveling the Underground Railroad to freedom?10.Why did many slaves go to Canada?11.Why did Henson decide to escape?,Keys1.For her great-great-grandfather,Josiah Henson has lived on through the character in American f
22、iction that he helped inspire:Uncle Toms Cabin.(L9-10)2.To know more about the man.(L15-17)3.(See to the culture note Josiah Henson and other courageous men and women together forged the Underground Railroad.(L20-21)4.Because the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered and th
23、eir exploits are still kept unknown.(L29-31)5.He saved enough money to buy his freedom.(L40-41)6.Because he was a guide who helped people not to be captured by slave hunters.(L42-44),7.Because he believed in Christianity that they should help those who were hungry and had no clothes to wear,no matte
24、r what color they were.(L59-61)8.He was the risk of getting his store and home burned and even thrown to prison.9.They had to march a journey of hundreds of miles,during which there were no signs and few maps.(L77-79)10.Because slavery had been abolished there early in 1833.(L87-88)11.Because he fac
25、ed the situation of being separated from his family.,Part IV Language Points:,1.Slender:(of people)slim;not very wide but comparatively long or high Examples:Although her face was quite plain,she had long,slender expressive hands,like a concert pianist.King crabs have long,slender legs,with a span o
26、ver 1 meter(3 feet).Synonym:lean,narrow,slight,thin;fragile,spindly,skinny Anonym:fat,obese,plump,paunchy,chubby,stout2.Settlement:a place where people have come to settle Examples:Manhattan was the site of the original Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam.The village is a settlement of fifty houses.Sy
27、n:Community,colony,camp,outpost,3.Confident:feeling or showing thrust in oneself or ones ability(usu.Followed by about/of/that clause)Examples:Michael was confident that he would be enrolled by Harvard University.The more familiar you are with this machine,the more confident you will be about using
28、it.The soccer team is quite confident of being able to win this important game.4.Give up:abandon an attempt to do sth.Examples:Hes given up smoking since his illness.The rescue team had given up all hope of finding the two divers alive.She was working part-time but she suddenly gave up.Syn:abandon,g
29、ive up,quit,desert,discard,5.Ironically:it seems ironic(that)Examples:Ironically the widespread use of antibiotics seems to be causing a lot of unexpected health problems.Ironically it is often the poorer people who give the most.Ironically,most people came to watch the match on the day it poured wi
30、th rain.6.Racial:relating to a persons race,or to different races of people Examples:Slavery is closely associated with racial prejudice,the belief that one race is superior to another.Mandela was elected President in South Africas first multi-racial elections,held in 1994.c.f.:ethnic:of a nation,or
31、 tribal group that has a common cultural group.ethnic minorities/groups/communities Example:In China,there exists ethnic problems rather than racial problems.,7.Stand up(for sb./sth.):speak,work,etc.in favour of sb./sth.;support sb./sth.Examples:You have to be prepared to stand up for the things you
32、 believe in.Dont be afraid to stand up for yourself.Always stand for your friends.8.Historic:famous or important history Examples:In his book,Churchill recalls that historic first meeting with Roosevelt.More money is needed for the preservation of historic buildings and monuments.C.f.:historical,9.S
33、ite:place where a building,town,etc.was,is or will be situated Examples:The local government hasnt yet chosen the site for the new skyscraper.There are many archaeological sites in southern England.This monument marks the site of the battle.Rescue workers rushed to the site of the plane crash.10.Mis
34、sion:particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group Examples:Some delegates were immediately sent to Israel.Their mission was to negotiate a ceasefire.The five young people have been on a mission to help the Cambodians.My mission in life is to help poor people.,11.Forge:(fig):create
35、by means of much hard work Examples:The two countries agreed to forge closer economic ties.She forged a new career for herself as a singer.Syn:mould,cast,shape12.Underground:in or into secrecy or hiding Examples:His mother took him to Hong Kong where she worked in the underground communist movement.
36、For about thirty years the African National Congress(ANC)operated as an underground organization.13.Web:network of fine threads spun by a spider or some other spinning creature;complex series or network Examples:The little boy was frightened by the spiders web in the window.,Every day thousands of w
37、e surfers flock to this popular site,posting messages.Other usage:WWW:World Wide Web14.Liberate:set free Examples:The new Afghan government is trying to liberate its people from poverty with international help.Many commercial and public organizations now have their own Web site and publish a“home pa
38、ge”,giving information about the organization.The troops aim is to liberate the country by the end of the year.Other usage:Liberty,Equality,and Fraternity15.Authorize:give approval or permission for(sth.);give authority to,Examples:The central government authorized$200 billion to construct new dams
39、to generate cheap hydroelectric power.The President requested that Congress authorize the presence of US troops in the eastern region.He was obliged by the arguments of the Minister of Labor to authorize a 23 per cent general wage increase.Syn:legalize,allow,approve,entitle16.Exploit:brave or advent
40、urous deed or action Examples:The generals wartime exploits were later made into a film and a television series.My grandfather entertained us with stories of wartime exploits.17.Be intent on doing sth.:be eager and determined to do sth.Examples:Working day and night,Janet seems intent on breaking th
41、e record in the Guinness Book of Records.,18.Peer:look closely or carefully,esp.as if unable to see well(followed by at/through/into,etc.)Examples:Stephen had been peering at a computer printout that made no sense at all.Hawking was a typical grind,underweight and awkward and peering through eyeglas
42、ses.Syn:stare,gaze,glance,gawp,gape19.Decade:period of ten year Examples:Many countries were involved in Antarctic exploration during the first decades of the 20th century.Education budgets have been increased over the last decade in China.Other usage:deca-十；mono-一;dual-二;tri-三;quad-四;penta-五;hexa-六
43、;hept-七;oct-八;,20.On the side:as an additional job or source of income;secretly Examples:Some teachers have to find ways of making some money on the side.In order to earn money to send his children to school,he makes a little money on the side by cleaning windows in his spare time.21.Capture:capturi
44、ng or being captured Examples:Rebel forces captured the city after a week-long battle.Some of the terrorists who were involved in the 9.11 event captured by the FBI.The whole town celebrated when two tanks were captured.,22.Close in(on/around):come near to,esp.in order to attack from several directi
45、ons;surround Examples:At one time Peter took part in the capture of three thieves.The International Whaling Commission permits the capture of only 400 whales annually for scientific purposes.Vt.Examples:Hitler committed suicide as Soviet forces were closing in on Berlin.Right after the suicide explo
46、ration,Israel troops began to close in on the Palestinian city.23.Painful:causing pain,hurting Examples:Symptoms of pneumonia include painful cough,fever,difficulty in breathing,rapid breathing and chest pain.The old photograph brought back painful memories of his childhood.,24.Religious:of religion
47、 Examples:Daoism(Taoism)is one of the three main Chinese religious and philosophical traditions,the others being Confucianism and Buddhism.The local government wants to increase the amount of religious education in schools.25.Conviction:firm opinion or belief Examples:The old woman had a firm convic
48、tion that there would be a better life after death.A non-believer,Tom doesnt have any religious convictions.It is her personal conviction that all corruption should be exposed and dealt with according to relevant laws.,26.Terminal:(building at the)end of a railway line,bus route,etc.;a piece of equi
49、pment,usu.Consisting of a keyboard and a screen,which connects the user with a computer system.Examples:Most large airports have shops,restaurants,and banks in the terminal building,plus special lounges for departing passengers.All staff have terminals attached to the companys main computer.27.Impos
50、e:1)place a(penalty,tax,etc.)officially on sb./sth.Examples:The government has made a decision to impose a further tax on wines and spirits.The local government tried to impose fines on the factories,which poured untreated waste into the river.,2)try to make sb.Accept(an opinion or a belief)Examples
