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1、,Medical Microbiology,Department of Microbiology,HMU,第二篇 致病性细菌,第24章布鲁菌属Brucella 微生物学教研室 钟照华教授 商庆龙讲师,教学大纲,掌握内容掌握主要生物学性状（抗原构造与分型）熟悉内容熟悉布鲁菌的免疫性及微生物学检查法 了解内容了解布鲁菌的防治原则,问题,布鲁菌抗原构造与分型？布鲁菌是如何致病的？布鲁菌引起的免疫反应如何？,布鲁菌属 Brucella,引起人类、家畜和其它动物布鲁菌病分6个生物种羊布鲁菌 B.melitensis牛布鲁菌 B.abortus猪布鲁菌 B.suis鼠布鲁菌 B.meotomae绵羊布鲁菌
2、 B.ovis犬布鲁菌 B.canis,生物学性状,革兰阴性小杆菌无鞭毛，不形成芽胞，光滑型菌株有微荚膜,专性需氧生长缓慢分解葡萄糖，产生少量酸过氧化氢酶阳性，氧化酶阳性产生H2S,B.melitensis,流行环节,易感者人和动物传染源牛、羊、猪是本菌的主要自然宿主传播途径直接接触间接接触,流行环节,分泌物、乳品,消化道、呼吸道粘膜、皮肤及眼结膜,人,菌血症,16W潜伏期,（70）,发热、出汗、关节痛和全身乏力,内毒素,进入肝、脾、骨髓（发热消退）,繁殖入血,菌血症,（体温再次上升）,波浪热,致病性,致病物质内毒素、透明质酸酶、荚膜,所致疾病,母畜流产赤藓醇胎盘、绒毛膜含量高,波浪热 Und
3、ulant fever,微生物学检查法,分离培养与鉴定血清学试验凝集试验补体结合试验抗球蛋白试验IgA不完全抗体干扰试验皮肤试验布鲁菌素（brucellin）试验,防治原则,严格管理病畜，消灭动物感染预防接种家蓄易感人群牧区、屠宰场工作人员急性期抗生素治疗四环素、青霉素,Brucella species,Summary,Biology,Small gram-negative rods without capsuleObligatory aerobicGrows slowly in enriched culture media with 10%CO2H2S+,Pathogens,Human pa
4、thogen Animal reservoirsBrucella melitensis goat,sheepBrucella abortus cattleBrucella suis pig,Transmission,Enter human body by Ingestion of contaminated milk productsThrough the skin directly contact in an occupational setting such as abattoir,Pathogenesis,Brucella localized in the reticuloendothel
5、ial system(lymph nodes,liver,spleen,and bone marrow)Cause granulomatosis,abscess,and caseationNo exotoxin is produced,so endotoxin is the major virulent factor,Disease:Brucellosis,AnimalAbortionHumanWeakness and fatigueEnlarged lymph nodes,liver,and spleenUndulant fever(rising-and-falling fever)Occu
6、rs in a few patients,Diagnosis,IsolationSample:blood,bone marrowSerological examinationAgglutination testComplement fixation testCoombs test Skin test,Prevention&Therapy,Pasteurization of milkImmunizationAnimalsOccupational high-risk personsSlaughtering of infected animalsTreatment with tetracycline and penicillin,
