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1、Background of the material Food waste in America,NRDC reported that U.S.per capita food waste volume is 10 times more than the Southeast Asian countries.Kitchen waste make up the largest share of solid waste,50%more than which in the 1970s in quantity.自然资源保护委员会的报告说，美国人均食物浪费量是东南亚国家的倍。厨余垃圾在固体垃圾中所占比例最大
2、，比上世纪年代时数量增加。The situation is particularly prominent in agricultural waste.Surveys show that farmers markets and grocery stores rotten fruits and vegetables cause$15 billion loss per year;and restaurants and home kitchens are also important places to cause waste of agricultural products.农产品浪费情况尤为突出.
3、调查显示，农 贸市场和食品杂货店腐烂的水果蔬菜造成每 年亿美元损失；而饭馆和家庭厨房同 样是造成农产品浪费的重要场所。,A survey from nonpartisan and nonprofit environmental protection organization shows an American family of four waste 9 Kg food per person per month on average,and$2,275 worth of food waste per year.美国一家非盈利性无党派环境保护组织的调查显示，一个美国四口之家平均每人每月浪费公斤食
4、物，全年浪费价值美元的食物。There are two factors behind Americans food waste:First,food expenditures in the United States make up a small share of household spending,wasting food does not affect the lives of Americans;Second,in economic terms,the more food consumers waste,the more sellers sell.What downstream co
5、nsumers waste just raise the sales of upstream sellers.美国人浪费食物背后有两大因素：其一，饮食 支出在美国家庭支出中所占份额小，浪费食物不会 影响美国人生活；其二，从经济角度考虑，消费者 浪费越多食物，销售商就能卖出更多。下游消费者 的浪费恰恰提高了上游销售者的销售业绩。,Background of the material Food waste in America,原文 Food waste has been a chronic problem for restaurants and grocery stores-with milli
6、ons of tons lost along the way as crops are hauled hundreds of miles,stored for weeks in refrigerators and prepared on hectic restaurant assembly lines.But the historically high price of commodities is making it an even bigger drag on the bottom line.,译文 食品垃圾对于餐厅和杂货店来说已成为一个长期问题。由于农作物是从几百英里外托运而来，在冰箱里
7、储存几周，然后才在忙碌的餐厅流水线上准备好，在这一过程中，成千上万吨的食物被扔掉。但是，食品居高不下的价位使食品垃圾在下游产业中变成更大的问题。,原文 Restaurants,colleges,hospitals and other institutions are compensating for the rising costs of waste in novel ways.Some are tracking their trash with software systems,making food in smaller batches or trying to compost and c
8、ut down on trash-hauling costs.,译文 餐厅、大学、医院以及其他机构正在用新的方式对越来越高托运垃圾成本作出补偿。一些机构用软件系统来追踪垃圾的去向，把食品做成更小的包装，或者尝试着堆肥以降低托运垃圾的成本。,原文 We have all come to work with this big elephant in the middle of the kitchen,and the elephant is this Its okay to waste belief system,said Andrew Shackman,president of LeanPath,
9、a company that helps restaurants cut back food waste.The interest level in cutting food waste has just skyrocketed in the last six to nine months,he said.,译文“我们都得对付这个厨房中的大麻烦，而这个大麻烦就是浪费没事儿的观念。”一家协助餐厅减少食品垃圾的公司LeanPath的总裁安德鲁沙克曼表示。他还说道，人们对减少食品垃圾的积极性“在过去的六到九个月里才骤然提升”。,原文 Freshman students at Virginia Tec
10、h were surprised this year when they entered two of the campuss biggest dining halls to find there were no cafeteria trays.You have to go back and get your silverware and your drink,but its not that different,said Caitlin Mewborn,a freshman.Its not a big hassle.You take less food,and you dont eat mo
11、re than you should.,译文 今年弗吉尼亚理工大学的大一新生在进入校园里两家最大的餐厅时，很惊奇地发现那里没有餐具托盘了。“你不得不回去拿你的餐具和饮料，但这没有什么不同，”新生凯特林缪伯恩说道，“这不是一件麻烦事儿。你取的食物更少了，你也就不会吃掉超过你食量的食物了。”,原文 Getting rid of trays has cut food waste by 38 percent at the cafeterias,said Denny Cochrane,manager of Virginia Techs sustainability program.Before the program began,students often grabbed whatever looked good at the buffet,only to find at the table that their eyes were bigger than their stomachs,he said.,译文 取消托盘已经使自助餐厅的食品垃圾减少了38%，弗吉尼亚理工大学的可持续发展项目的经理丹尼尔克莱恩说道。他表示，在这个项目开始之前，学生们常常在自助餐厅中快速拿走看起来不错的食物，最后在餐桌上才发现他们眼睛大胃口小。,
