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1、conversation. A new play is coming to The Globe soon, I said. Will you be seeing it ? No, she answered. Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year ? I asked. No, she answered. Will you be staying in England? I asked. No, she answered. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her din
2、ner. Young man, she answered, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner ! lesson41 Do you call that a hat? 你把那个叫帽子吗？Do you call that a hat ? I said to my wife. You neednt be so rude about it, my wife answered as she looked at herself in the mirror. I sat down on one of those mo
3、dern chairs with holes in it and waited. We had been in the hat shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the mirror. We mustnt buy things we dont need, I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying it almost at once.You neednt have said that, my wife answered. I need not remind you of that
4、terrible tie you bought yesterday. I find it beautiful, I said. A man can never have too into the cave hoping to find buried treasure. The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machine showed that there was gold under the ground. Very excited, the party du
5、g a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless. The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly but did not find anything except an empty tin trunk. In spite of this, many people are confident that The Revealer may reveal something of value fairly soon.Less
6、on56 Faster than sound! 比声音还快！Once a year a race is held for old cars. A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheel
7、s. Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. After a great many loud explosions, the race began. Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them ! A few cars, however, completed the race. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles
8、an hour-much faster than any of its rivals. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it. The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting. Lesson57 Can I help you, madam? 你要买什么，夫人？A wom
9、an in blue jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold. The w
10、oman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. After seeking out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who sh
11、e was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time with great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said s many ties.And a woman cant have too many hats, she answered.Ten minutes later we walked out of the shop together. My wife was wearing
12、 a hat that looked like a lighthouse !Lesson42 Not very musical 并非很懂音乐As we had had a long walk through one of the markets of Old Delhi, we stopped at a square to have a rest. After a time, we noticed a snake-charmer with two large baskets at the other side of the square, so we went to have a look a
13、t him. As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets. When he began to play a tune, we had our first glimpse of the snake. It rose out of the basket and began to follow the movements of the pipe. We were very much surprised when the snake c
14、harmer suddenly began to play jazz tunes and modern pop songs. The snake, however, continued to dance slowly. It obviously could not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz!Lesson43 Over the South Pole 飞越南极In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.
15、 E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It could only get over
16、the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in
17、 sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty. Lesson44 Through the forest 穿过森林Mrs Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge of a fore
18、st with her children and tried to steal her handbag. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees. Mrs Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run. When she caught up with th
19、em, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away. The strap needs mending, said Mrs Sterling later, but they did not steal anything.Lesson45 A clear conscience 问心无愧The whol
20、e village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post-office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one
21、morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 5o per cent a thief! Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: Only 25 per cent a
22、thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The last note said: I am 100 per cent honest now!lesson46 Expensive and uncomfortable 既昂贵又受罪When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could accoun
23、t for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of woollen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. Aft
24、er he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over ten hours. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is &230 !Lesson47 A thi
25、rsty ghost 嗜酒的鬼魂A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale. Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted. He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had be
26、en blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr Thompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must
27、 have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn even if he gives it away. Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something? 你想对我说什么吗？Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled o
28、ut one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected birds eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to these ques
29、tions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anything. When the dentist at last removed the cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wro
30、ng tooth. Lesson49 The end of a dream 美梦告终Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the r
31、oof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a 彬县圣果果品有限责任公司二期2100吨苹果气调库扩建项目可 行 性 研 究 报 告陕西省农业工程勘察设计院二0一一年六月目 录第一章 总论 4项目提要4第一节 可行性研究报告编制依据 6第二节 综合评价和认证结论 6第二章 项目背景及必要性 8第一节 项目背景 8第二节 项目建设的必要性10第三章 市场分析与销售方案 15第一节 市场分析15第二节 销售方案 18第四章 建设条件 20第一节 项目建设地点选择20第二节
32、 项目区概况20第三节 项目实施的有利条件22第五章 建设单位的基本情况 25第一节 公司简介25第二节 技术来源25第六章 项目建设方案 27第七章 项目实施进度安排 31第八章 生产技术方案及工艺流程 32第九章 投资估算与资金筹措 36第十章 财务评价 38第十一章 环境影响评价42第一节 项目建设及生产对环境的影响42第二节 环境保护与治理措施43第三节 环境影响评价44第十二章 项目组织与管理45第一节 项目实施的组织管理45第二节 项目建成后的运行管理46第十三章 可行性研究结论与建议49 附 表：1、财务评价主要数据与指标汇总表2、建设投资估算表2-1、土建投资估算表2-2、设备
33、投资估算表2-2-1、2100吨气调库及配套设备清单3、流动资金估算表4、资金筹措与使用计划表5、总成本费用估算表6、固定资产折旧、无形资产和其他资产摊销估算表7、利润及利润分配表7-1、营业收入、营业税金及附加和增值税估算表8-1、项目投资现金流量表8-2、项目资本金现金流量表第一章 总 论第一节 项目提要一、 项目名称彬县圣果二期2100吨苹果气调库扩建项目二、 建设性质扩建三、 项目建设单位、法人代表、所有制形式项目建设单位：彬县圣果果品有限责任公司法人代表：潘军强四、 项目建设地点、内容与规模1、 建设地点：彬县西坡乡西坡街2、 内容与规模（1） 土建工程生产性土建工程：扩建2100吨
34、气调库，库体1000m2，月台520m2，制冷站120m2，机修车间。公用配套工程土建：新建办公楼276 m2，蓄水池204m3，交配电房80 m2，地磅房、门房等40 m2，厂区消防建设，新修道路2200 m2。（2） 仪器设备生产设备：2100吨苹果气调库及配套设备1套。公用配套设备：办公设备1套。五、 建设期：6个月六、 投资规模及资金构成 项目总投资949.93万元，包括建设投资689.29万元，铺底流动资金260.64万元。七、 资金筹措 本项目企业自筹资金449.93万元，申请项目扶持资金100.00万元。八、 主要技术经济指标序号指 标单位数量备 注一达产年产量1库存苹果吨210
35、02鲜苹果吨5000二达产年销售收入万元5800.00三财务评价1年均销售收入万元5568.572年均销售税金及附加万元17.093年均总成本万元4334.844年均利润总额万元616.645年均所得税万元104.166年税后利润万元412.487投资利润率%20.288投资利税率%23.739财务内部收益率%21.98税后10财务净现值万元2122.28税后11静态投资回收期（含建设期）年3.00税后第二节 可行性研究报告编制依据项目可行性研究主要依据以下文件：1、全国苹果优势区域发展规划;2、国务院西部开发办关于西部大开发若干政策措施的实施意见;3、2008年1月中共中央国务院关于切实加强
36、农业基础建设进一步促进农业发展农民增收的若干意见;4、陕西省省委、省政府加快农业产业结构调整的意见;5、陕西省苹果优势区域发展规划;6、建设单位提供的有关资料。第三节 综合评价和认证结论 该项目的建设符合彬县农业产业结构调整战略，项目承担单位有较强的技术、经济实力，具备建立气调库及果品分选线的基础。项目建成后，可充分发挥项目的示范带动作用，带动当地苹果产业化的发展，可保证果农的稳定收入，保护果农的生产积极性，为果业的持续发展和果农收入的增加，为彬县苹果大县和陕西苹果大省建设，将起到积极的促进作用。 本项目的建设，对促进西部生态环境建设、再造秀美山川，增加农民收入，振兴地方经济也具有积极推动作用
37、。本项目的实施，对促进地方农业结构的优化调整和农业产业化发展具有重要意义。该项目选项准确、规模适度、工艺先进、选址合理、投资节约、方案切实可行，具有良好的经济效益和社会、生态效益。第二章 项目背景及必要性第一节 项目背景近年来，彬县按照市委、市政府关于大力发展苹果产业的总体部署，围绕“兴果、富民、强县”的目标，按照创建“优质绿色果品生产基地县”的要求，坚持以果为业的定位，抓栽植上规模，抓管理增效益，抓龙头带基地，抓市场促营销，抓质量创品牌，促使苹果产业开发迈上了新台阶。从2007年开始，彬县以创建“优质绿色果品生产基地县”为目标，按照“每年栽果5万亩，3年实现人均1亩果”的总体要求，教育引导群
38、众把增收致富的重点转移到果产业开发上来。县上与各乡镇签订了果园建设目标责任书，全面推行了县级领导包乡、林业技术人员包基地、乡镇领导包片、干部包村的“四包”责任制，县财政多方筹措资金600多万元，无偿为群众提供苗木400万株，并对果业生产重点户在节灌配套、果窖建设、技术服务、能源沼气等方面给予优先扶持，调动了农民栽果积极性。目前，全县果园面积达到30万亩，其中苹果25万亩，挂果面积15万亩，实现人均1亩果，今年全县果品总产量达到4万吨，产值1.2亿元，农民人均果品收入600元左右。充分证明了发展苹果产业的重要性。彬县是国内42个苹果最佳栽培区之一，苹果已成为彬县富民强县的支柱产业。全县现有苹果面
39、积25万亩，由于自然条件优越，所产苹果个大色艳、香味 浓郁，含糖量高，硬度大，耐贮运，2005年被国家认证为绿色苹果生产基地。近年来，彬县苹果以其良好的品质占领了国际国内市场，不仅畅销国内各个省区，而且走出国门，远销日本、泰国、越南、新加坡、马来西亚等20多个国家，2005年被国家确定为公有制苹果出口基地，2008年被中国果品流通协会授予“中国优质果品基地重点县”。彬县苹果内在品质在国内属上乘水平，与国际市场差距也不大，但外观、包装质量与山东、辽宁主产区及国外相比仍有较大的差距，优质商品率偏低，不到国外的三分之一，尤其是产后处理和加工贮藏环节薄弱，果品产后消毒、清洁、分级、打蜡、包装、冷藏到销
40、售等一系列产后处理技术较低，严重影响着果品的贮藏寿命、货架期和增值效率。这些因素制约着彬县苹果产业的进一步健康发展。急需建立大型现代化的果品加工厂和果品保鲜贮藏库，改变果品产后处理尚处于起步阶段现状。本项目将建设高标准气调库，充分发挥彬县的资源优势和科技优势，面向国内国际两个市场，依靠科技进步，立足农民增收，调整优化结构，延长产业链条，强化销售，促进出口基地建设，壮大龙头企业，提高彬县果业整体素质和竞争能力，实现果业强省的战略目标。彬县圣果果品有限责任公司围绕加快地方经济发展，促进农民增收致富的总目标，实施建设的在苹果生产上具有超前性、技术上具有先进性、产业上具有带动性的气调库及果品分选线建设
41、生产项目，项目符合国家的产业政策，而且对促进项目区农业生产结构优化，带动彬县苹果生产优质高效发展具有十分重要的意义。第二节 项目建设的必要性一、加强苹果产后标准化处理是彬县果业扩大市场和增值的必然选择。在国内水果市场严重供大于求、竞争日益激烈的今天，在中国加入WTO后苹果进口关税的降低和配额的取消，会使更多洋水果进入中国，在这样严峻的现实面前，彬县怎样实现从果业大县变为果业强县，加强苹果产后标准化处理是需要加快实施的一项重要措施。加入WTO后，具有比较优势的园艺产品(包括果品、蔬菜、花卉)，面临着如何根据国际市场的需求及时调整产品结构，尤其是如何使园艺产品的贮运、保鲜技术、贸易水平得到提高、增
42、加国际市场的竞争优势、赢得入世后的市场开发主动权，是我国园艺产品的当务之急。国外果品的采后处理、包装上市，普遍执行健全规范的工艺流程和国际标准，所有果品全部经生产线清洗、打腊、分级、贴标后才能装箱，然后采用气调贮藏、冷链运输。这种严格的质量管理，使果品到达消费者手中时，硬度、脆度、品味几乎不变。欧美各国大力普及气调贮藏技术，冷藏量已占总产量的80%，气调量又占总贮量的80%。而我国贮藏能力仅占总产量的15-20%，其中冷藏量不足10%，气调贮藏量只占1%。1999年全国果品种植面积846.7万公顷，总产量达5452.9万吨，正规贮藏量不足15%，仅有700万吨左右。因技术落后，储藏运输设备不足
43、，每年大约有20%-25%的水果腐烂。陕西省苹果基地县苹果贮藏基本都以土库和冷藏为主，气调贮藏能力低下。采后商品化处理是提高果品商品质量、增强市场竞争力的又一重要手段，也是提高产品附加值的重要环节，我国水果大都未经任何处理，包装简陋，外观质量很差，缺乏市场竞争能力。国内目前已有从澳大利亚、美国、意大利等国引进的清洗、打蜡、分级流水线30多条，主要分布在山东、辽宁、河北、山西、陕西、浙江、广东、福建、江西、广西等省的苹果和柑桔产地，采摘后进行商品化处理的水果仅占总产量的1%左右。我国苹果总贮藏能力仅为总量的20%左右。并且大多是以土窑洞、冷凉库等土法贮藏为主，普通冷藏约占总贮藏量的20%。气调贮
44、藏仅有3%-5%。目前，陕西省果品贮藏库中80%以上为土窑洞简易储藏，只能作为暂时性果品储藏使用，达不到大型水果超市和出口水果标准。同时果品自动清洗、分级、打蜡、包装、冷链贮运等一系列产后处理几乎空缺，严重影响了苹果的商品性和货架形象，给果农造成了经济损失。彬县的果品产业正处在数量效益型向质量效益型转变的关键历史时期，为使彬县苹果提升产业优势、由大变强，彬县急需加速苹果产业化，使苹果产、贮、加、销各环节有机结合协调发展。该项目的建设突出解决果业产业升级冷藏、气调、分选、包装等关键环节与国际市场接轨的问题。这不仅提高了企业的经济效益、扩大果品出口规模，而且对实现果农和地方政府的增产增收、促进该县
45、经济的发展具有重要意义。二、提高果品质量安全检测能力，是增强果品国际竞争力的重要措施。由于世界环境问题，在国际贸易中，许多国家和地区从各自利益出发，以标准的形式筑起各种技术壁垒限制进口产品入境，绿色壁垒已成为当前国际贸易中重要的壁垒之一。发达国家技术比较先进，环保意识比较强，环保标准也更为严格。而发展中国家由于受诸多方面因素的限制，其环境水平和标准在近期内不可能与发达国家同日而语。我国是一个发展中国家，环保水平还比较低，果品的生产和加工的过程与方法、包装储运等诸多方面存在不利于环保的因素。随着我国加入WTO，果品的出口又面临着前所未有的挑战，我国果品进入国际市场最大的阻力是食品安全问题。由于农
46、业投入品的不合理使用，农产品的不科学收获，工业“三废”、城市垃圾的不合理排放，导致食品有毒有害物质超标，农产品引发的人畜中毒事件时有发生，出口农产品与加工农产品经常出现因农药残留超标被拒收、扣留、退货、索赔、终止合同、停止贸易交往的现象。农药残留、黄菌毒素超标、产地不明等因素是导致我国果品遭受退货和索赔的主要原因。中国优质的国产苹果新鲜度、口感都比进口好，但价格却不及进口苹果的十分之一，其主要问题是生产标准和绿色技术壁垒带来的产品附加值含金量差距。果品的安全质量主要解决农药残留和生长激素滥用问题。一方面，要建立与国际市场接轨的果品质量检测、检验标准体系，按国际标准指导生产；另一方面，要配置必要的果品质量安全检测设备，建立健全与绿色有机食品相配套的检测监督机构与机制，以此实现我们果品生产的优质优价，提高果品出口的信誉度，为快速增加出口量创造条件。该项目建设与国际接轨的高标准气调库，增加苹果商品化处理分选线，搞好产后处理，规范分级包转，进行采后清洗打蜡，及时入库贮藏。改善冷藏运输条件，促
