《对成渝经济区现状分析及一体化的建议.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《对成渝经济区现状分析及一体化的建议.doc（10页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、 对成渝经济区现状分析及一体化的建议摘 要：通过对成渝经济区的构想和四川、重庆两地经济现状的比较，阐述了成渝经济区区域的经济现状，分析了目前存在情况的原因，并提出一些建议和看法。 关键词：成渝经济区；行政壁垒；产业集群；城市群；一体化 1 对成渝经济区的现状分析 1.1 经济区内经济现状及产业的分布、类型、梯度对经济合作的障碍 2007年四川省常住人口8127万人,全省常住人口中，城镇人口2893.2万人，乡村人口5233.8万人，人口城镇化率为35.6%，全年城镇居民人均可支配收入11098元，增长18.7%，全年农民人均纯收入3547元，增收544元，增长18.1%。全省生产总值10505
2、.3亿元，其中，第一产业增加值2092.1亿元，增长4.4%；第二产业增加值4595.5亿元，增长19.1%；第三产业增加值3817.7亿元，增长13.0%。三次产业对经济增长的贡献率分别为5.6%、59.5%和34.9%。但整个四川农业基础仍旧非常脆弱，农业劳动生产率低、效益差。作为人口大省，农业结构调整艰难，农业产业化水平处于初始状态，农村剩余劳动力就业困难；四川工业属于资源开发、速度效益型，重工业多于轻工业、国有及国有控股工业企业多于非公有制工业企业、劳动密集型企业多于资金技术密集型企业、企业产销率较低，创新能力不强；四川服务业在GDP中的比重仍很低，服务业中低层次和传统行业多、高层次和
3、现代产业少、从业人员素质低。 2007年重庆全市常住人口2816万人，其中，城镇人口1361.35万人，城镇化率48.3%。全年农村居民人均纯收入3509元，比上年增加635元，增长22.1%。全年实现地区生产总值4111.82亿元，比上年增长15.6%。其中，农业生产恢复性增长，第一产业实现增加值531.65亿元，增长9.5%；第二产业实现增加值1832.22亿元，增长20.3%；第三产业实现增加值1747.95亿元，增长12.8%。三次产业增加值比例为12.9：44.6：42.5。整个重庆产业结构有三个方面的矛盾：劳动力向第二、第三产业转移趋势与第二、第三产业大量冗员之间的矛盾；高投入与低
4、产出之间的矛盾；资本闲置和资本短缺的矛盾。 1.2 经济区内城市群的构成，城市间的巨大差异 如果用城市首位度指标来衡量，四川的首位度是畸形的。川西平原城市圈几个城市中仅成都市一城独大，缺乏第二三层次城市，多属于规模小、农业比重大、经济实力弱的畸形断层结构。如果从川西平原城市圈的总量上看，这一区域的带动作用毋庸置疑，毕竟这里以占全省15%的国土面积，提供了全省60%以上的国内生产总值。但一个不容忽视的问题是，成都市的生产总值占到了该区域的80%强，即使在整个四川省，成都市2007年的地区生产总值按3000亿算也占到了全省的31%左右。其实，成都不仅是在地区生产总值上一城独大，在其他指标上也是如此
5、，从2006年的最新统计了解到，虽然成都市的面积只占经济圈的14.76%，但其地方财政收入却占 到了66.9%，工业增加值为63.5%，社会固定资产投资总额为60%。 同样2005年重庆直辖市完成固定资产投资2006.32亿元,主城九区（幅员面积5468平方公里、常住人口640万）1002.62亿元的固定资产投资占整个重庆直辖市的50%,创造重庆直辖市42.2%的GDP。渝西经济走廊完成固定资产投资437.89亿元,占整个重庆直辖市固定投资总额的21.8%,创造了重庆直辖市28.3%的GDP。三峡库区生态经济区完成固定资产投资565.81亿元,占整个重庆直辖市固定投资总额的28.2%,创造了重
6、庆直辖市29.5%的GDP。2006年重庆直辖市完成固定资产投资2451.84亿元,其中都市经济圈（主城九区幅员面积5468平方公里、常住人口645万）完成固定资产投资1279.29亿元，占整个重庆直辖市固定资产投资总额上升到52.2%,完成了重庆市43.3%的GDP。渝西经济走廊完成固定资产投资505.60亿元,占重庆直辖市固定资产投资总额的20.6%,完成了重庆市27.5%的GDP。三峡库区生态经济区完成固定资产投资666.95亿元,占重庆直辖市固定资产投资总额的27.2%,完成了重庆市29.2%的GDP。 我们看到成都和重庆在四川区划调整和重庆直辖前后都一直保持着两城独大的状况，无论是在
7、经济、产业、社会建设发展乃至城市规模档次等一系列指标上，都保持着绝对的优势，在相当长一段时间内，区域内的其他任何城市是无法与其匹敌更不用说超越了。 2 对成渝经济区一体化的建议 2.1 打破行政壁垒，加强两地合作的政策 历史上成渝本就是一个经济共同体，产业结构的互补性很强。重庆成为直辖市后，过去长期形成的密切关系疏远，其行政壁垒反而削弱了成渝经济的互补与合作，关键是都有自己的地方利益。事实上，重庆直辖10年也是双方对峙的10年，有很大程度上的重复建设。双城之间的资源争夺最为激烈，恶性竞争带来的是双方都没有利益的负面影响。成渝经济区若想成长为长三角、珠三角、京津冀那样大规模的经济区，川渝必须加强
8、实质性的合作，统一规划，协调产业布局，并在政策上一视同仁，彻底打破行政壁垒。 成渝间存在的问题是目前两地的合作意识都不强，合作面较窄，规模不大，层次也较低。川渝合作几乎没有实质性的措施和成果，障碍不仅表现在民间，更表现在政府有关部门。因此，成渝经济区的发展和一体化必须打破两地行政壁垒的限制，加强互补与合作，寻求错位发展、差异化竞争，把两地经济纳入一个统一的体系，以经济的融合与双方的共同发展作为考核的标准、摒弃狭隘的单方面的用G D P 、财政收入考核官员的评价体系，把行政效力建设的目标与重点放在双方合作上，两地政府共同建设服务于成渝经济区整体的服务型政府而非各自为阵，并且可以争取行政管理班子的
9、交叉和轮换，以人事的互动带动经济思想的互动。要建立开放、规范、竞争、有序的商品市场；破除行政壁垒，实现交通、物流的免费互通；促进产品在整个经济区的自由流通；建立有利于人口合理流动的劳动力市场，取消两地的就业户籍限制，建立流动人口“便参保、易转移”的社会保障体系。同时，要在经济区内促进产品的互惠贸易，构建无障碍的贸易流动机制，促进产业互动、利益共享；构筑企业合作的绿色通道，进一步放宽民营经济投资领域，消除民营经济进入市场的障碍。 2.2 进行产业集群的深入合作，使成渝经济区的经济真正成为一个体系，密不可分，互为补充，互为发展 产业集群有利于中小企业转变经济发展方式，走 “专、精、特、新” 道路，
10、有利于加强与大企业的协作配套，促进区域经济发展，积极倡导产业集群战略。在尊重产业集群发展规律基础上，积极倡导和实施集群战略，对于成渝经济区区域经济、中小企业发展和建立统一开放的大市场具有重要的现实意义。 目前成渝经济区内的产业集群发展存在着技术水平不高、专业化服务不足、品牌建设滞后等问题。成渝经济区的产业集群发展必须突出区域优势特色，提高1专业化协作水平，增强自主创新能力，加强公共服务平台建设，大力实施品牌战略，促进产业集群的转型与升级，将成渝经济区的产业打造成一个整体的影响全国的区域性品牌。 对比川渝产业，相对于四川，重庆有三个明显的强势产业，仪器仪表及机械制造、交通设备制造、机电产品；四川
11、强势产业则在食品饮料、计算机电子产品、住宿餐饮等方面；在医药制造、通讯设备、房地产方面，两地实力相当，这九个方面的产业，有的可以联合，有的可以互补，合作的空间很大，两地应加快发展高新技术产业，增强高新技术产业对经济社会的辐射带动作用。双方打造清洁能源基地有利于中小企业加强科学规划、集聚发展、资源综合利用和发展循环经济、推广节能减排技术，发展生态型工业，加强环境污染的集中治理，提高可持续发展能力。 2.3 积极发展几个重点城市，带动区域内整个城市群的发展 成渝经济区协议提出的城市群的建设，应该不仅仅局限于地理意义上的。如果只是若干城市在空间上密集分布，或者由于资源和交通条件形成点状或带状格局，而
12、没有一个集聚中心及中心与相邻城市的紧密经济联系，那么这样的城市群只能说较多具有地理空间的属性而较少具有经济学空间的属性。按目前现状来看，成渝经济区内的城市从地理空间看已经算是一个比较密集的城市群体了，但是从经济学来看却远未达到一个真正经济意义上的城市群应该有的标准。城市群发展水平的几个因素包括：中心城市的数量和规模；城市密度与城镇用地比率；区域社会经济特点及城市间的经济联系程度；人口城市化水平；人口密度。我国现已存在的长三角、珠三角、环渤海三大城市群里中心城市的数量和规模都达到了一定发展水平，城市密度和城市间的经济联系程度、人口城市化水平都相对发展较完善。如北京与天津、大连、沈阳等，广州与深圳
13、、佛山、东莞、珠海、中山等，上海与苏州、杭州、无锡、宁波、南京、绍兴、嘉兴等。而成渝经济区内中心城市仅有成都和重庆，没有一个可以与成都、重庆在经济上可以相提并论的城市，并且其他城市与成都和重庆的经济联系还比较弱，人口城市化水平还很低；从前面的表格的GDP和柱状图里便可以看出之间的巨大差别。所以成渝经济区内应该积极发展几个重点城市，依次来带动区域内整个城市群的发展，成渝经济区内的绵阳、自贡、南充、涪陵、江津、合川、永川等相对来说是经济基础和产业发展较好的城市，应该重点发展这些城市，积极将成渝两城的产业转移对接这些城市，各自重点培育特色的产业集群，形成合理分布、各具特色、互为补充的产业地带，以产业
14、带动这些重点城市的发展，从而达到带动整个区域城市群发展的目标。 参考文献 1埃德加oM.胡佛著；王翼龙译.区域经济学导论M. 北京：商务印书馆,1990. 2陈秀山；孙久文.中国区域经济问题研究M.北京：商务印书馆,2005. 3重庆市人民政府四川省人民政府关于推进川渝合作共建成渝经济区的协议R.成都,2007. 4四川省2007年国民经济和社会发展统计公报R.成都,2008. 5重庆市2007年国民经济和社会发展统计公报R.重庆,2008. 6李敦瑞.产业集群发展与区域城市化的互动作用J.经济导刊,2007. 7李善同.西部大开发与地区协调发展M.北京：商务印书馆,2003. 8李廉水.Ro
15、ger. R. Stough（美）等.都市圈发展M.北京：科学出版社,2006. BRorganization system and working mode, the selection of a number of municipal strengthening group to build innovation and strengthen the organization of the basic level organizations advanced model.(seven) the manual work of the Communist Youth League Organi
16、zation published and League branch of manual work, to promote the use of two manuals in the citys organizations at various levels. The county committee, directly under the group (work) is under the jurisdiction of grassroots League and group (total) using branch ratio shall not be less than 70%.Thre
17、e, to further strengthen the groups leadership and team building(a) to strengthen the leagues leadership at all levels of construction. Continue to do a good job of municipal Party Committee Organization Department on the strengthening of the Communist Youth League cadres management opinions impleme
18、ntation. To promote the group counties (autonomous counties, cities) Commission and city directly under the group (workers) appointed to carry out the Five team building activities. Improve the League Association Department working mechanism. Conscientiously fulfill the duties of CO, combined with t
19、he city group directly under (the) Committee of the general election and the adjustment, actively jointly with the unit where the party organization department good group leadership selection with the work. Do a good job in municipal Party committee assistant committee leadership and leading cadres
20、of the annual assessment work, adhere to and improve the assistant secretary of the Communist Youth League talk system group To weave individual conversation and collective conversation, to strengthen the committees of all levels, the Standing Committee of the Standing Committee, the establishment o
21、f a sound system of central group learning, the system of investigation and study, the system of important issues and the reporting system.(two) to strengthen the work of education and training of cadres to conscientiously implement the Central Committee. On the implementation of grassroots cadres t
22、raining project and opinions on carrying out the mission municipal CYL Cadres training project implementation opinions, full implementation of the project of the City Youth League cadres training education. Focus on the county grassroots cadres and workers focused on training, the new school system
23、vocational training League cadres, for the Municipal Organization Department jointly held the third session of the Communist Youth League system training cadres in party. Focusing on the construction of new socialist countryside, strengthening village cadres and rural construction team group member
24、of the young team, the county organizations at various levels throughout the year is expected to train 100 00 rural grassroots cadres, plans to train 1000 village secretary of the village Party branch.(three) actively promote grassroots cadres election work. Under the unified leadership of the party
25、 organization, to strengthen grassroots organizations direct work, standardize the election work rules and procedures, in the designated candidate, open competition to democratically elected branch secretary at the same time, actively and steadily the development of Township, streets and other grass
26、roots organizations in the direct election of the pilot work, on the basis of summarizing the experience and gradually expand the scope of the pilot, and gradually formed a set of measures and cadres election system.(four) to strengthen the cadres testing exercise. To study the development of XX cit
27、y from 2006 to 2008 cadres testing exercise planning. To select outstanding cadres to the central mission in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other central organs and sending work in developed areas. With the Central Committee the implementation of the western region and ethnic minorities cadres tra
28、ining plan . To carry out the eighth batch of municipal organs attachment cadre management, selection, training work. The outstanding cadres to start the National Development Bank XX branch testing exercise.(five) to strengthen the group construction. The main position to play the role of Youth Leag
29、ue cadre education and training as the city, in accordance with the requirements of post training, further curriculum scientifically and rationally, adopt arrangement menu course, basic theory includes group work, focus, hot and difficult issues, to enhance the content and practice; to strengthen th
30、e construction of teaching staff, the integration of teachers, establish a quality teacher training team, establish and implement course evaluation system; take delivery of training to the countryside, on-site training, and increase the rural grassroots cadres training efforts.Four, efforts to stren
31、gthen the work of young talent(a) to tenth XX young 54 medal in recognition of the publicity, and actively explore the XX youth service. 54 Medal of institutionalization, standardization and socialization mechanism. Give full play to the XX award in recognition of 54 youth medal Association, Youth A
32、ward winner in the 54 chapter, investigation activities. Who won the Youth Service medal, dedication to the society to create conditions, build the stage. During the 54, named in recognition of the tenth XX young 54 medal. The association of XX editing of young talent , the exchange of information a
33、nd communication platform for the XX of outstanding young talents.(two) the establishment of municipal Party committee of young talent information database. In accordance with the feasible, effective, classification management, implement step by step principle, the establishment of municipal Party c
34、ommittee of youth talent database; guiding organizations at various levels generally established the young talent database, construction of city, county (directly under the Communist Youth League), grassroots organizations three young talent information database the relevant information collection s
35、ystem, and gradually establish the citys young people, the Communist Youth League youth talent information network, provide information platform for young talent resource development.Five, take effective measures to strengthen the mission management(a) to strengthen the mission management work. Stre
36、ngthen the dues collection and management, continue to adhere to the dues collection regularly reporting system, the annual comprehensive award in recognition of the tour and the tour one vote veto system audit system. Do statistical work in the group. The group service award in recognition of the a
37、dvanced units, standardization, promoting group management work institutionalized.(two) to strengthen the organization of research and information exchange efforts. Grassroots carry out research, efforts to form a number of theoretical results. Make full use of the network carrier, to explore the es
38、tablishment of electronic group service system, promote the work of Communist Youth League information.Attachment 4:XX municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department of the Communist Youth League work pointsIn 2006, the Communist Youth League propaganda ideological work XX to Deng Xiaoping theory a
39、nd the important thought of Three Represents as guidance, study and implement the partys sixteen and the spirit of the the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee implementation of the eight plenary session of the two committee, the citys cultural work conference, the Propaganda Depa
40、rtment of the meeting and the the fourth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee permanent mission spirit, closely around 11th Five-Year XX the goal of full implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, keep pace with the times, close
41、 to reality, close to life, close to the young, persevere grasp orientation, grasping deepening, grasping construction innovation, further improve the groups propaganda and ideological work ability, unity To guide the majority of members of the youth to achieve the 11th Five-Year planning tasks, the
42、 overall construction of a well-off society, building a socialist harmonious society to make new contributions.One, adhere to the Three Represents important thought and Scientific Outlook on Development education to guide the youth, to further strengthen the ideological and political education of yo
43、uth(a) armed with youth science theory. Unremittingly with Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of Three Represents armed members of youth education, to promote the study and implement to expand the depth and breadth. To study and implement the important thought of Three Represents with th
44、e establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development combine with the implementation of the requirements of constructing socialist harmonious society with Scientific Outlook on Development, carry out education as an important part of the theory of armed youth in the new period, st
45、rengthen the establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development education, educate and guide the youth to fully understand the great significance of establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, in-depth understanding of the Scientific Outlook on Developme
46、nt era back The king, the practice foundation, basic connotation, historical status, spirit and practice requirements, a profound understanding of Scientific Outlook on Development with Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, inheriting and developing relationship between Deng Xiaoping theory and the
47、important thought of Three Represents, to help young people establish and consciously practice Scientific Outlook on Development. Persist in learning, grasping the backbone, grasp the practice, grasp the opportunity. Catch club, effective way to grasp the network, with the group of cadres, young stu
48、dents and young backbone fronts as the focus, to promote the work of the armed youth theory to develop in depth, to help the youth continue to firm ideals and beliefs, to build a powerful spiritual pillar. To carry out the study and implementation of the partys sixteen session of the five Eight plenary session of the two plenary session of the Central Committee and the party spirit, to the citys Youth League members thinking into the spirit of the meeting, to achieve the goal of national consciousness and XX economic and social development in 11th Five-Year period. Contribute
