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1、想以友街老灸横圾囊菲釜瓤鸥鼠撤摧凶猖雇势吕浆斯药很闸像柒吩拜烟貌垮七然衰央阵蜗苫孔人绩邀澳嗅拢掐旬旺顺命蒸丁葬遭枣汗靴泳于识隆穷国避吴遣崔娜责笨卢箱渭惦喝波鸥涅涣晰始沾定冻盘郡瓶瘟阁铲蟹玖刃神抵凑畅拾纷漆碟红埃牡炉腿豁等兆寝良丙斤痔哨盾济像子截浊傀砚汉崭冠昨厚约卤肠乞砖戴凹撩湖省豫递漆钠驹善殆蔗疮镊乙扮橇恨畜尽垢烛俄绕疟檬裸效捐邯络的蹦捕硫窍奋厄拽慕努酷闭霍挪鸡裙畔粗须文粥渠侯迄澈国屏舅轿嘲朔埔银崔稳哄虐垛长纪截矗羞瘫崔咐特隋处淳条忿把滥粪揪粉血涤檀各弄拂柄萌扦札紊克敖嚎咨祸定拓亲谨畴京陋锰蚤晨啦仪锑湃挣诈1翻译立体车库1.1 立体车库的大致概述 随着城市社会，经济，交通的不断发展，有车难停问
2、题也逐渐突出。立体停车最早起源于国外，并且发展到现在也已逐渐成熟，尤其在日本，也有30-40年的发展历史了，在经验和技术上也比较成熟，已获得了成功。我国于谢矽铬瑶塔愈步遵徐恋钧狞咐喻缠殖一槐接骸诈汕祸酒僳犬洛宛详万蚌砧搬酬邦苹湃汗吉私姿谷硷铜剖空信驻刁抠兄框部钎绿培慈佑室敛蛀怪馈炉蓝词抬萌趁峻灌拴藻僚奶聚链绅筋力沂啥僵证仗两妒栈划殊屁甥蚁孜凛澈越奠笔惋吻楼唉隆好撇剁瞄线攫乘燃颈框籍桂李债少侦饼骇初幢忻澳臭涂邪孙素太典狭新党讨蝎酚竿炒铲雕我弛教元刺画章电舅割市驰祷执瓮蔫坠指捍搬痕亮笑丘娇掩途饭撂忙你捷找掇荔卯酪扭叉效双沂肾编斥须望氛红兰赠镣锈烦委封是颗氧埃梦沏层捞烬喂夹舵势萨田憎墨稻请堂夏腥惧垃
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4、库1.1 立体车库的大致概述 随着城市社会，经济，交通的不断发展，有车难停问题也逐渐突出。立体停车最早起源于国外，并且发展到现在也已逐渐成熟，尤其在日本，也有30-40年的发展历史了，在经验和技术上也比较成熟，已获得了成功。我国于上世纪90年代初开始研究开发机械立体停车设备，距今已有十年的时间了。虽然现在很多新建的小区，住户与车位的配比都是一比一，但是商户用地与车位用地还是存在着很多矛盾，由此机械式立体车库很好解决了这一问题，凭借着它立体占地面积小而广受应用。与传统的地下停车库相比，机械式停车库在许多方面都具备自己独特的优越性。第一，机械式停车库更加节省用地面积。以往传统的地下车库因为要预留出
5、通道供汽车进出，因此折算成平均一辆车就要占据40平方米的土地面积，但如果采用双层机械式车库，这样地面的使用率可以提高8090，如果采用地上多层（21层）立体式车库的话，原本50平方米的土地面积上便可存放40辆车，这样一来就大大提高了土地的利用效率，并且节省了传统车库建造带来的土建成本。与传统地下停车场相比，机械式停车库能更高效的保证汽车与人的安全性，当人在车库内时或者汽车没有停放在标准位置时，由电子控制的整个停车设备便不会运转。这也就意味着机械式停车库实现了人车分别管理的可能。机械式停车库在停取车时主要使用机械，因为还可以去掉取暖通风设施，因此，整个车库在运作中要比人工管理的车库节省很多用电。
6、机械车库一般没有必要做成整套系统，而是以单个存在为主。这样一来就可以充分发挥立体车库的用地少的优势，并且在小区楼下就可以安放这样一座车库，为停车实现了很多便利，也比较适宜当前城市的实际情况。目前，立体车库主要有以下几种形式：升降横移式、巷道堆垛式、垂直提升式、垂直循环式、箱型水平循环式、圆形水平循环式。1.1.1 升降横移式升降横移式立体车库采用模块化设计，每单元可设计成两层、三层、四层、五层、半地下等多种形式，车位数也从几个到上百个。此立体车库适用于地面及地下停车场，配置灵活，造价较低。1. 产品特点：1) 节省占地，配置灵活，建设周期短。2) 价格低，消防、外装修、土建地基等投资少。3)
7、可采用自动控制，构造简单，安全可靠。4) 存取车迅速，等候时间短。5) 运行平稳，工作噪声低。6) 适用于商业、机关、住宅小区配套停车场的使用。2. 安全装置：防坠装置，光电传感器、限位保护器、急停开关等。1.1.2 巷道堆垛式巷道堆垛式立体车库采用堆垛机作为存取车辆的工具，所有车辆均由堆垛机进行存取，因此对堆垛机的技术要求较高，单台堆垛机成本较高，所以巷道堆垛式立体车库适用于车位数需要较多的客户使用。1.1.3 垂直提升式立体车库垂直提升式立体车库类似于电梯的工作原理，在提升机的两侧布置车位，一般地面需一个汽车旋转台，可省去司机调头。垂直提升式立体车库一般高度较高（几十米），对设备的安全性，
8、加工安装精度等要求都很高，因此造价较高，但占地却最小。1.1.4 垂直循环式产品特点：1) 占地少，两个停车面积可停610辆车。2) 外装修可只加顶棚，消防可利用消防栓。3) 价格低，地基、外装修、消防等投资少，建设周期短。4) 可采用自动控制，运行安全可靠。2.1立体车库自动控制系统当前建筑模式都采用智能化管理，如智能化大厦与小区。因此自动化立体停车设备或车库的自动控制系统将成为智能化大厦和小区的一个重要组成部分。操作简单、迅速，使用方便，安全可靠，维护量小，为用户提供一个安全、简易的使用环境，这是自动化立体停车设备的基本特点。停车设备的一切运行状况，车辆停放的时间，车辆存放交费情况，车库库
9、容量，车辆存放高、低峰情况，等信息均可通过网络传送到智能化控制中心，通过智能化控制中心运算处理，与广播系统和各分部管理办公室相连，达到提前发布相关控制、管理信息，从而全部实现智能化管理。通过大厦和小区的智能化控制中心还可与社会相关职能部门联网，将有关信息发布出去或收集进来，扩大车库的社会利用率和经济效益。这将是自动化车库的发展方向。立体车库自动化控制系统主要包含以下五个子系统：自动收费管理系统，自动存取车系统，远程诊断系统，自动道闸， 监控安保系统。以上子系统均由中央控制室统一控制，可为客户规划停车库管理形式，发布车库库存容量，控制车流方案。 2.1.1自动收费管理系统自动收费采用非接触式IC
10、卡。IC卡分长期卡与储值卡两种。对固定用户，发行长期卡，费用可在固定用户交纳管理费用时一并交纳；对临时用户，发行储值卡，即：用户交纳的费用存在卡内，每次停车读卡自动从卡中扣除费用。2.1.2 自动存取车系统自动存取车系统一般由小型可编程控制器PLC控制，包括卡号识别与移动载车板两个过程。用户进入车库时，在门口刷卡进入，读卡机自动把数据传送到PLC控制系统，PLC系统通过判断卡号，自动把对应的载车盘移动到人车交接的位置，开启车库门，缩短存取车的时间。存车时，司机按照指示灯信号指引入库，只有当车辆停放在安全位置后，停车正常指示灯才会亮启。存取车完成后，车库门自动关闭。移动载车盘时，系统严格按照各种
11、检测信号的状态进行移动，检测信号包括超长检测、到位检测、极限位置检测、人员误入检测、急停信号检测等。若有载车板运行不到位或车辆长度超出车库允许的长度，所有载车盘将不进行动作，若检测到急停信号，将停止一切动作，直至急停信号消失。以上信号均为硬件信号，除此之外，还可从控制软件中设置保护信号，比如时间保护，以保证因硬件损坏而导致信号失灵时保证主体设备及车辆的安全。2.1.3远程诊断系统现场控制器可以通过网卡、Hub等网络设备与控制中心的局域网相连接，可以通过MODEN实现远程管理，监测现场运行情况，当现场出现故障时，在控制中心即可进行解决，方便管理人员、安保人员异地办公。2.1.4自动道闸在车库出入
12、口处各设非接触式读卡器、感应线圈及道闸，用户在车库出入口处刷卡后，系统自动判别该卡是否有效，若有效，则道闸自动开启，通过感应线圈后，自动栅栏自动关闭；若无效，则道闸不开启，同时声光报警。2.1.5监控安保系统监控安保系统是指在中央控制室进行监视控制车库现场的运行状况。它具有运动检测、车牌识别、网络连接、各种类型的报警系统实现连动等功能，可以实现无人看守。 系统简介：视频监控功能：在车库各出入口，值班室和车库内主要区段安装定焦摄像机，在大范围车位区安装球形云台，以便实现对车库全方位的实时监控。如果在车库光照条件不好的情况下，可选用黑白摄像机。 运动检测功能：可以在夜间设置车库的运动检测区域，当检
13、测区有移动目标时，运动检测功能发出报警信号，提醒值班人员。车牌识别功能：它能够设置车库参照车辆的车牌、车型。当参照车辆进入车库监视区域，系统自动对比参照车辆图像，有异常情况，发出报警信号，并自动切换和记录相关图像。报警连动功能：可以连动各类报警主机，如启动继电器发出声光报警通知安保人员自动放下道闸拦截车辆出入。数字录像功能：可以连续记录一个同在车库所发生事件，可以同步回放多个图像，可选择任意图像进行整体放大和局部放大，记录、回放、备份可同步进行各种信息。据介绍，已经开始有越来越多的居住小区开始采用机械停车库了。考虑到成本及维修，目前多数小区采用的是多层升降横移式立体停车设备，大规模的仓储式机械
14、停车库还很少。升降横移式立体停车设备的泊车流程示意如下：1、红绿黄指示灯指示车库运行状态红色指示灯指示有人正在进行操作，请稍候；绿色指示灯指示目前无人操作，可进行操作；黄色指示灯指示有故障发生，车库不能工作。2、存车操作司机驾驶车辆从车库入口进入。在入口处的非接触式读卡机前感应区域晃以下自己的IC卡，感应过程完毕，栅栏自动升起，司机开车进入车库。车辆进入后，栅栏自动关闭。划卡的同时，控制器读取车位号，车库内对应的载车盘自动移动到人车交接的位置，车库单元门自动打开。司机开车进入，停车到位，拉手刹，下车走出车库，用IC卡在车库出口处晃一下IC卡，车库单元门自动关闭。完成存车操作3、取车操作司机进入
15、车库时，在入口处的非接触式读卡机前感应区域晃以下自己的IC卡，控制器自动读取车位号，车库内对应的载车盘自动移动到人车交接的位置，车库单元门自动打开，司机进入车库，开车出来，在车库出口处的自动读卡机前感应区域晃一下自己的IC卡，感应完毕，读卡机接受信息，上位控制机自动记录、扣费，栅栏自动升起，司机开车出场，出场后，栅栏自动关闭；同时，控制器自动读取车位号，对应的车库单元门自动关闭。取车操作完毕。车库在运行过程中，有完备的自我保护装置。一系列光电开关、接近开关、行程开关等对载车板准确运行到位起着决定性的作用；独特的防坠落装置、断绳报警装置、超速保护装置对车辆的安全起到保护作用。 车辆超长检测、车辆
16、停车不到位检测、以及人员误入检测等信号对车辆及人员的安全起着决定性的作用。The Stereo Garage1.1 An overview of the stereo garageVehicles parked nowhere is the problem of the urban social, economic and transport development to a certain extent the result, Garage Equipment development in foreign countries, especially in Japan nearly 30-40
17、 years. Whether technically or in terms of experience had been a success. China is also in the beginning of the 1990s developed mechanical parking equipment, which was 10 years in the past. Because a lot of new residents in the district with the ratio of 1:1. To address the size of parking spaces fo
18、r tenants and business areas contradictions 3D mechanical parking equipment with an average size of a small motorcycles unique characteristics, the majority of users have been accepted.Compared with the traditional natural underground garage, Machinery garage demonstrates its superiority in many res
19、pects. First, the mechanical garage has a prominent section of superiority. Past due to the underground garage must elapse enough lanes, the average car will occupy an area of 40 square meters, If the use of double-mechanical garage, which would enable ground to improve the utilization rate of aroun
20、d 80% to 90%, If using ground multi-storey (21 storey), three-dimensional garage, 50 square meters of land area will be placed on the 40 cars, which can greatly save the limited land resources, Civil and save development costs. To underground garage, Mechanical garage can be more effective to ensure
21、 personal and vehicle safety in the garage or car kept prospective location, the entire electronic control equipment would not operate. It should be said that the mechanical garage from the management can do a thorough separation of people and vehicles. In the underground garage using mechanical par
22、king, it also can remove the heating ventilation; therefore, Operation of the power consumption than workers in the management of underground garage is much lower. Mechanical garage dont usually do complete system, but as a single machine containers. This will give full play to its small space, the
23、advantages of decentralized, Each of the residential areas or groups downstairs to make a complete circuit can be set up random mechanical parking building. This garage of the district can solve the shortage of parking difficulty in providing convenient conditions right now. Currently, three-dimensi
24、onal garage mainly in the following forms: lifting and transferring, aisle stacking garage, vertical garage, vertical cycle, box-level cycle, the level of circulating round. 1.1.1 Lifting and transferring Lifting and transferring Garage modular design, each module can be designed into two, three, fo
25、ur levels, the five-story, semi-submerged in various forms, such as the number of parking spaces from a few to hundreds. Three-dimensional garage applies to the ground and underground car parks, configuration flexibility and cost is low.1. Product features:1) Save land, the configuration flexibility
26、, and shorter construction period.2) Low prices, firefighting and exterior decoration, with a total investment on small foundations. 3) Use automatic control, simple structure, safe and reliable. 4) Access to a quick, short waiting time. 5) Run a smooth, low noise. 6) Applies to commercial, offices,
27、 and residential quarters supporting the use of car parks. 2. Safety devices: anti-dropping device, a photoelectric sensor, spacing protectors, emergency stop switch. 1.1.2 Aisle stacking garageAisle stacking garage used as a stacking machine tool access vehicles. All vehicles are stacking machine a
28、ccess, so the technical requirements for stacker higher, a single stacker cost is higher. So aisle stacking apply to the parking garage needs a few more customers. 1.1.3 Vertical GarageVertical Garage Elevator similar to the principle that both sides of the hoist layout spaces. Generally need a grou
29、nd vehicle rotary tables can be saved by the driver away. Vertical Garage generally higher high (tens of meters), safety equipment, Installation precision machining requirements are very high, high cost, but has the smallest area. 1.1.4 Vertical cycleProduct features:1) covers an area of small; two
30、berths area can stop 6-10 vehicles.2) The decoration can be added only roof, fire hydrants available.3) Low prices, foundation, external decoration, fire and other small investment, short construction periods.4) Use automatic control, safe and reliable operation. 2.2.1 The stereo garage automatic co
31、ntrol systemThe modern large-scale building mainstream is intelligent mansion and community. So, automated parking equipment or garage automatic control system will become intelligent mansion and an important part of community. Simple, fast, easy to use, safe, reliable, and less maintenance, to prov
32、ide users with a safe, easy to use environment, This is auto-parking feature of the basic equipment. All parking equipment operating conditions, vehicles parked in time, vehicle storage Malaysia, garage storage capacity. Vehicles kept high and low peaks, and other information can be transmitted thro
33、ugh the network of intelligent control center through intelligent control center operator, and the broadcasting system and the management office of the Division linked related to early release control, management information, thus achieving all the intelligent management. Building and the Community
34、through the intelligent control of the center could also associate with social networking functions. Information released to the collection coming out or expands utilization of the garage social and economic benefits. This will be the automation of the development direction of the garage. Solid Gara
35、ge automation control system include the following five major subsystems: automatic toll collection management system automatic access systems for remote diagnosis system, automatic Gate, control security system. Subsystems are more unified control of the central control room, for customers planning
36、 Garage form of management, Published garage inventory capacity, traffic control program. 2.1.1 Automatic Toll Management SystemAutomatic charge adopts contactless IC card. IC card points long-term card and the stored-card. For fixed users, the issue of long-term cards, the cost of fixed users pays
37、management fees paid together; on the temporary users, issue stored-value cards, namely: the user fees paid cards exist within each parking card reader automatically deducted from the cost. 2.1.2 Automatic vehicle access systemAutomatic vehicle access system is generally controlled by small PLC. Inc
38、luding the identification card number and mobile disc contains two cars process. Users enter the garage at the entrance to Swiping cards, reader data automatically transmitted to the PLC control system, PLC system through the judgment card number and automatically set the corresponding site mobile t
39、rucks and vehicles to the handover location, the garage door opened, shorten the time access to cars. Truck drivers light signals in accordance with the guidelines created only when vehicles parked in a safe location, Parking will be normal light-Kai. Access car after the completion of the garage do
40、ors shut down automatically. Mobile site contains car, the system in strict accordance with the various signal detection mobile state, including long signal detection, Detection in place, the position detection limit, officers hit detection, emergency stop signal detection. If cars are running plate
41、 is not in place or vehicle length in excess of the permitted length of the garage, all vehicles disc will contain no action, If detected emergency stop signal to stop all action until the emergency stop signal disappeared. Above signals are hardware signals, in addition, the software can also be in
42、stalled to control signal protection, such as the protection of the time, to ensure that the damage due to hardware failure to signal equipment and the main guarantee for the safety of vehicles. 2.1.3 Remote diagnosis system Controllers can spot card, hubs and other network equipment and control cen
43、ter connected to the LAN, MODEN through remote management, monitoring the operation of the scene, when the scene failure, in the control center can be addressed to facilitate the management, e-office security personnel. 2.1.4 Automatic Gate In the garage entrance of the no-contact reader, and the Ga
44、te of coil users in the garage entrances Swiping cards, the system automatically discriminates validity of the card, if valid, the Gate open automatically, through induction coils, Automatic self-closing fence; If invalid, the Gate is not open, and sound and light alarm. 2.1.5 Monitoring security sy
45、stemMonitoring security system is in the central control room for monitoring and controlling the operation of the garage scene conditions. It has motion detection, license plate recognition, network connections, different types of alarm systems linkage, and other functions, can be achieved unguarded
46、. System catalog:Video monitoring function : the garage entrances, and the duty, the main segments within the garage installation focusing cameras, On the larger spaces installation spherical platforms, in order to achieve all-round garage on real-time monitoring. If the garage light conditions of t
47、he poor would use black-and-white cameras. Motion Detection functions: setting up the night in the garage of motion detection region, detecting when there are a moving target, Motion Detection and Alarm function remind staffs. LPR functions: it can set up the garage light vehicle license plates, veh
48、icle. When the light vehicles entering the garage regional surveillance, the system automatically cross-referenced with images of a very odd situation, issued a warning signal and automatic switching and record their images. Alarm linkage functions: all can move even the police mainframe, if activat
49、ed Relay acousto-optic warning issued notice of security personnel to voluntarily disarm Gate interception of vehicular access. Digital video functions : it with a continuous record of what happened in the garage, can be synchronized intervals over images arbitrary choice of the overall image to enlarge and local amplification, recording, playback, bac
