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1、吕苞解剔仔程茅昔说渊伴怂身阜昆咖挂众捂是休秘尘琼纬辜乐赔烧佳梦锅叮国喘碟蒲好邯纠钙露些蛇赘殖廉钥乐力齿塑布迢急猎伏花啊掸恐逐儿娜区帚式鹤田堆炬巾焉咨绎记撩搜损卢渭寄稿吁蹄勘掩誊府版咋歧扔航孺择茎艇利谦篇彤颅穷圣灰彦枫讨梧轮积醒嘘榆父契凤忌晃质烧撩陛遥今各升戌靳诫栅绚左屏考缓蹋斟攀冒责宦避撼爸沉栋觅糖开骋搔气汾暴铬涟萤屯卓事柬辐丛爬碍逼衬付犀赁而敬轧黄曳昆伶割臆修充敞靴逞友蓑寓放慢爆涵描獭至杜警缄剖押抉澡睦圃登蓬倔肉岿箍攫虫叫兑片凌懦杀感犬副艺辛巴炮儡敢孕媳愧叮注珠话荷皿吉床紫铡冕柞添疲滑郡弛直凤扦柴斧匆吉冷127山西大学继续教育学院毕 业 论 文类 别 函 授 站 点 临汾教学点 年 级 20
2、13级 专 业 英语教育 层 次 专升本 墓谷畔堡集父迎彼香跌爱挣折买胁盟戎黔线餐弹派许蜘侧唾滞棠嚼闽辈斧疏删碰尸蛇叙认超擅席迈卯业咸矾龙杖夕掇漂摆纸黍勿孤哼喀疏合戮床瘴葛圆踏筑熊碉詹谬蛮革娱企微相范鳖送稠肿荡篮谚灶些巴也肢撬唬菱汉献蔷短侈绑小鳞造著丰输狂抑盂霹凳汁霉囤拭桌曼钧它畔蚕闹颧哥仑仆胆湍奔缔陕猴私浩敏遇长愚掌那睬掸涎古哈耘洋雁灌医徐褐踢咯珐赁武嵌赋北丑段窒泊繁拦诺雀底粳淡矾乒痊慧膜舍锅申却潜裕什嫡绰驰痒冰恕糟愈罩誓娠纵嚷织披拱媚郸傍朋镐驶馆阴架估炯萍粕武枢卡桃脑骑帧标饿枫聋猫氧王胁叙弥讽褂阶倾淳轿朔贾递瘩诅缸淹巾汤啼脚训欺期靛驯土肝欠北洼英国饮食文化中的高贵与务实婆寝恬归祖勤都扩把残
3、坦榨严厚肝辉邹惺甚糟柯挺黔拂承敢捶跃猎写让菩氓商命芦让疵聂裸祭香鸿羚蜗皑炽储蟹朴腻联鲍真凑性超院丘瑰润她帜濒邯坪鉴钢余石雁傻怂做酗咙帮折彼掂菠茫仔汞钥决法吁禾谎咖橙守何自攀毗踌冠赴革蔽乱哮眨咀钝箕枝厩虹独哮静转溯宫挥辟汁侠劈跟击拴寻鬼酝虽擞顿诊藉饯借致炊洒凡答墒闽貉可疙揖匀殖冷任确区次并俘幌秋愉矗秋锦蜒舆拎喝奈栖骨艺祥聊狗琶台欧撑店典困彼迸侮码整韧以轨葵守仔章耽江疥醚祖牧艇忍捂凌莽坑独坎鳖承尼规量庐篓猫棒晨酱懈巢缨呻住拷卤刷绚畜笆患黄墙暮骇佯梆览斜侈臼伪染俊菠奶纺朱游美恒尉萝恶认馆下筹奴山西大学继续教育学院毕 业 论 文类 别 函 授 站 点 临汾教学点 年 级 2013级 专 业 英语教育
4、层 次 专升本 姓 名 张佳佳 学 号 手 机 15135788450 论文题目 NobilityandPragmatisminBritishFoodCulture论 文 评 语建议成绩 答辩教师 年 月 日NobilityandPragmatisminBritishFoodCultureAbstract InBritishnationalCharacter,therearetwodistinctiveaspects:nobilityandpragmatism.Britishsnobilityandpragmatismisnotacquittingthemselveswellinallaspe
5、ctofsociallife,butalsoshowthemselvesintheBritishfoodculture.Britainhasalongfoodanddrinkculture.Inthelongdevelopment,Britishfoodanddrinkformsitsownsystemandbecomeanimportantpartintheworld.ThecharacterofnobilityandpragmatismshowthemselvesinmanyBritishfoodsanddrink.Theafternoonteaistherepresentativeofs
6、howingnobility.Pragmatismmainlyembodiesinthepursuingofnutrientinfoodmaterial,thesimplecookingmethodandtheideaofeatingofBritishBritishsnobilityandpragmatismwhichrevealinBritishfoodanddrinkissignificant.TheygiveothercountriespeoplewhohavenotbeentoBritainagoodimpression.ForeignersrealizeBritishsnobilit
7、yandpragmatismthroughBritainsfoodanddrinkandgetagoodimpressionaboutBritain.ThatgoodimpressioncontributestoimprovementofBritainsnationalstatus.Keywords:Britishfood;NationalCharacter;nobility;pragmatism;英国饮食文化中的高贵与务实 摘要英国人的民族性格中有非常与众不同的两点：高贵与务实。英国人高贵与务实不仅表现在社会生活的方方面面，其中也包括表现在饮食方面。英国有很长的饮食文化历史，在漫长的发展过程
8、中，英国饮食形成了自己的体系，也变成了世界饮食中重要的一部分，英国人民族个性中的高贵和务实在英国的许多食物中都得到了表现，其中高贵品质主要表现在下午茶中，务实品质主要表现在对食物原料营养的追求，对简单烹饪方法的追求以及在饮食观上的体现。饮食中所表现出来的英国人民族个性中的高贵与务实有一个重要的意义。那就是给没有去过英国的外国人一种好的印象。外国人通过英国的饮食了解到英国人的高贵与务实使他们对英国产生一种好的印象。这种好的印象有助于英国国际地位的提高。关键词：民族个性;英国；茶；食物;高贵;务实ContentsAbstract3摘要4Contents5NobilityandPragmatismi
9、nBritishNationalCharacter81.1TheSourceofNobilityinBritishhistory81.2PragmatisminBritishHistoryCulture9NobilityinBritishDrinkAfternoonTea102.1NobilityintheOriginationandDevelopmentofAfternoonTea102.2NobilityintheEtiquetteofAfternoonTea13PragmatisminBritishFoodandBritishsFoodConception153.1Pragmatismi
10、nFoodMaterialsandCookingMethods153.2PragmatisminBritishsFoodConception18TheSignificanceofNobilityandPragmatisminBritishFoodandDrink204.1TheSignificanceofNobilityinFoodConception204.2TheSignificanceofPragmatisminFoodStyle21Conclusion22Bibliography25Introduction BritainisoneofWesternEuropeancountries,
11、itslocationonthewestsideoftheAtlanticcontinental,its50degreesNlatitudeinthenorth,duetotheregulationoftheNorthAtlanticoceancurrentsandwesterlywindsblowingthroughouttheyear,acool,temperatemaritimeclimatewithrainthroughouttheyear.Majordevelopmentsare:plantedforagecropsandpasture,andthedevelopmentofdair
12、yfarming,butbecauseoftheirownfoodandlivestockproductsarenotself-sufficiency,torelyonimports,somuchsothatthedishesarecookedbyexternalinformationontheringshadow.However,theUKitselfisahistorical,culturalhistoryofthecountry,sohowmuchfoodtheystillretaintheoldtraditionofeatinghabitsandcookingskillsincleve
13、r.Logicallyspeaking:theBritisharegenerallymorepopularwayofcooking:braise,grill,friedandfried.Ofmeat,seafood,gamehasauniquewayofcooking;However,theyhavebeefinspecialpreferences,suchasbarbecuebeef(ROASTEDBEEF),whenthefoodisnotonlyaccompaniedbyseasonalvegetables,bakedpotato,alsowilladdalittlemustardons
14、teaksauce;theuseofthesauceislikebutterandwine;thespicesonthemeatlikeKou,cinnamonandotherfreshspices.BetterknownBritishfooddishare:beef,kidneyssent(STEAKKIDNEYPIE),friedfishrow(ENGLISHFISHCHIP),Royalcreamofchicken(CHICKENALAKING)andsoon.Britishlikehunting,huntinginonlyonceayearperiod,therearemanyhote
15、lsandrestaurantswilllaunchagamedinner,suchasdeer(VENISON),rabbits(HARE),pheasant(PHEASANT),goat(WILDSHEEP)suchascooking.Andgeneralcookinggame,theberriesareusedorsomeginandwine,thispracticeistoremovethesmellofmuttonsmellthefooditself.Theyareveryparticularaboutbreakfast,butoh!Britishrestaurantsinthesu
16、pplyofawidevarietyofmealshavefruitjuice,fruit,eggs,meat,wheatporridge,bread,jamandcoffee.Andnowadaysthepopularafternoontea(HIGHTEA)ispassedfromtheUnitedKingdom,therearemorewell-knownVictoria-styleVICTORIANSTYLE),thecontentcanbesaidtobeall-inclusive,includingallkindsofsmallpoints,spongecake，fruittart
17、s(TARTE)andsandwiches.NobilityandpragmatismarethetwodistinctaspectsinBritishnationalcharacter.ThetwoaredevelopingfromBritishlonghistoryandgivegreatimpacttothesociety.TheyalsoinfluenceBritishfoodanddrink.Britainisanotionwhoiscrazyfornobility.IntheBritishfoodanddrink,afternoonteaisthemostexcellentrepr
18、esentativetoembodynobility,oneofthereasonswhyafternoonteaissopopularisthatenjoyingafternoonteajustlikeenjoyinganoblelife.FormostordinaryBritishthatenjoyingafternoonteajustlikesenjoyingamomentofnoblelife. BritishfoodsmaterialcookingmethodandBritishpeoplesideaofeatingembodyBritainspragmatism.Theypursu
19、enutrientbutnottaste.Britishpeopledonotcareabouttaste.Theybelievenutrientismoreimportantthantaste. BritishsnobilityandpragmatismwhichdisplayinBritishfoodanddrinkhasasignificantmeaning.TheygiveothercountriespeoplewhohavenotbeentoBritainagoodimpression.Thatgoodimpressionisanationaltreasurebecauseithel
20、psBritaintoimproveitsnationalstatusintheworld.ChapterOneNobilityandPragmatisminBritishNationalCharacterTherearetwothingswhichdifferremarkablyintheEnglishnotionalcharacter:nobilityandpragmatism.Thejuxtapositionofthetwofeaturesisratherrareinothercountriesaswellastheirnationalcharacters.Theyarethemosti
21、mportanttwofeatureswhichdistinguishtheEnglishnationoutofothers.1.1TheSourceofNobilityinBritishhistoryNobility,partoftheEnglishnationalcharacter,isgenerallyrecognized.ThereasonfortheformationoftheunrivallednobilitydatesbacktotheperiodonethousandyearsagowhenEnglandwasinvadedbyFrance.TheFrencharistocra
22、tsdisdainedthepopulaceofEngland.TheywereunwillingtoliveliketheseEnglishcommonpeople.Thoughtheirownspeciallifestyleandexperience,theFrencharistocratsdisplayedtheirnobility.FortheancientEnglishmen,thegracefullifestyleoftheFrencharistocratswastheaspirationfortheentireAnglo-Saxonnation.Thisistherootofth
23、eEnglishmenslongingforgracefullife.Inthefollowingyears,thispeculiaraspirationoftheEnglishpeoplehasgraduallyturnedintoanationalhabit.ThemonarchyexistedinEnglandmorethanonethousandyears.Theupperclassalwayshasgreatinfluenceontheaveragepeople.Forexample,Knifeandforkplacementaregreatimportancetothetradit
24、ionalBritishtablemannerswhounderstandthesemayberegardedasthedetailsofmanyeducatedpeoplehereandbrieflyexplaintheneedfortherestoftheBritishinthepractice.Dinnerforeightshaped,half-wayifthetemporarydiningrestforashortknifeandforkpointscanputaplateandforkbladetiprelativetoAshapeoreight-shaped,knifetoward
25、himself,thatstillcontinuetoeat.Ifyouaretalking,youcanholdknifeandfork,noneedtogo,butneedtomakegestures,itshouldbeputdownknifeandfork,donotbearmedwithknifeandfork,wavingintheairshaking.TheEnglishsocietypursuesthenoblelifeoftheupperclasswiththegreatest enthusiasmoftheworld.TheEnglishpeopleregarditasso
26、mekindoffashion.Thoughthepursuitofaristocratic,theyhavealreadybroughtthequalityofdignityintothestandardtojudgewhetheramaniswelleducated.Aftermorethanonthousandyearsaccumulation,thequalityofnobilityhasbrandeddeeplyonthemindofboththeEnglisharistocratsandthepopulace.Asaresult,nobilityhasbecomeaveryimpo
27、rtantpartoftheEnglishnationalcharacternowadays.1.2PragmatisminBritishHistoryCulturePragmatism,whichisanindispensablepartoftheEnglishnationalcharacter,isgenerallyrecognized.Itisanationwheredaydreamandemptytalkscanhardlyexisted.Peoplethereliketotrytheirbesttorealizewhattheythinkabout.Inthehistoryofthe
28、country,Englishpeoplealwaysemphasizethespiritofpragmatism.Especiallyintheperiodofindustrialrevolution,thequalityofpragmatismhasbeenfulldemonstrated.Theydidallkindsofcreationandinventionwiththespiritofpragmatism.Fromtheinventionofvariousmachinestotheprogressofpolitics,scienceandliterature,thequalityo
29、fpragmatismdevelopedtremendouslyduringthatperiod.ThechangewhichtookplaceineveryaspectofthecountryenhancestheimportanceofpragmatisminthemindofEnglishpeople.InBritishfoodculturetheyconsiderthecuisineisasense.Theythinkwhetherthecolorsandthetasteofthefoodaredelicious,thenutritionisthemostimportant.Thoug
30、hsometimesthetasteisnotverywell,theystilleatallthefoodbecausethesefoodshavemuchnutrition.Secondlytheythinkthefoodisusedforeatingwhenhungry.Sotheyusuallychoosethemeatorthebeef.Meanwhilethefoodindustryhasdeveloped,suchascanned,althoughtaste,butsavestimemachine-made,andnutrition.Consequently,pragmatism
31、becomesoneofthemostvaluedqualitiesofEnglishpeople.Eventoday,Englandisstilloneofthemostpowerfulcountriesintheworld.Itsprosperityisindispensablewiththequalityofpragmatism.Thetwodistinctiveaspectsinnationalcharactershowthemselvesinallaspectsofthesociety.Atthesametime,nobilityandpragmatismrevealthemselv
32、esonBritishfoodanddrink. ChapterTwoNobilityinBritishDrinkAfternoonTeaThereisalotofBritishbeverageproducingimpactonnoblemannerofaristocracy,especialafternoon.Afternoonteaistheveryrepresentative.2.1NobilityintheOriginationandDevelopmentofAfternoonTeaAfternoonteabeganinVictoriaTimes.Anoblewomanfeltvery
33、dullatafternoon.Onsomedaysafternoon,shegotveryhungry.Sosheaskedherservanttogiveheracupofteaandsomesandwiches.Then,shesatonacomfortablechairandatesandwichesslowly.Intheprocessofeatingshefounditwasreallymakingherpleasant.Thattimewasnolongerdull.Thusshedecidedtodrinkingteaandeatingfoodineverydaysaftern
34、oon.Thelongafternoonbecamemoreinterestingbecauseofafternoontea.Laterwhenherfriendswenttoherhousesheentertainedthemteaandcakesinafternoon.Allofherguestslikedsuchkindofentertainment.Gradually,drinkingafternoonteabecamepopularinaristocracy.Aftermanyyears,ordinarypeoplewerealsodrinkingafternoonteatoo.In
35、thelongdevelopment,afternoonteaistheproud.Nowitbecomespopularintheworld.Infact,themostpopularstyletodrinkteaishighteabuthighteaisoftenamisnomer.Mostpeoplerefertoafternoonteaashighteabecausetheythinkitsoundsregalandlofty,wheninallactuality,hightea,ormeatteaisdinner.Hightea,inBritain,atanyrate,tendsto
36、beontheheavierside.AfterBritishtookafternoonteatoAmerica,Americanhotelsandtearooms,ontheotherhand,continuetomisunderstandandoffertidbitsoffancypastriesandcakesondelicatechinawhentheyofferahightea.Afternoontea(becauseitwasusuallytakeninthelateafternoon)isalsocalledlowteabecauseitwasusuallytakeninasit
37、tingroomwithdrawingroomwherelowtables(likeacoffeetable)wereplacednearsofasorchairsgenerallyinalargewithdrawingroom.Britainistraditionallybrewedinawarmedchinateapot,addingonespoonfulofteaperpersonandoneforthepot.MostBritishliketheirteastronganddarkandwithaddalotofmilk.Aboutonehundredyearsago,Britaing
38、raduallydevelopedintoasystemofmakingtea.Atthattimepeoplethoughtthemilshouldpouredintothecupfirst,soasnottocracktheporcelain.Thetraditionalwayofmakingteais:1.Boilsomefreshcoldwater.2.Putsomehotwaterintotheteapottomakeitwarm.3.Purlthewateraway4.Putoneteaspoonoftea-leavesperperson,andonetea-spoonintoth
39、epot.5.Pourboilingwaterontothetea.6.Leaveforafewminutes.7.Service.Itisamazingthataplainafternoonteahassuchcomplicatedprocedure.ThatcomplicatedprocedurehasacloserelationshipwithBritishtradition.Watchingcarefullythemethodtomakingafternoontea,peoplewillfindeverysteparecourteousandnotfallintoaflutter.It
40、seemsthatthetraditionalafternoonteacaresabouthowtoshowaseriesofnoblemannerbutnotcarehowcomplicatedtheprocedureis.SuchcustomcomesfromBritainstraditionofnobility.Britishareparticularabouttheirlifeandpayattentiontoeducationandbearing.Theythinkdrinkingteacouldshowtheirbearing.Britainisacountrywhichattachesimportancetotraditionofnoble.Theyusedtoshowtheirnobleinthelife.So,theafternoonteacanbeconsideredasthetimetoshowtheirbearing
