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1、英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。,倒装句,句装倒,inversions,基本语序（natural order）：,主语+谓语+宾语（subject+predicate+object）,I love English.,谓语+主语,完全倒装(full inversion),Here came the headmaster.,助动词/情态动词+主语+动词,部分倒装(partial inversion),Nerve will I forgi
2、ve you.,一、完全倒装,1.There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。,There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.,例题:_ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A.There stand;at B.There stands;underC.Stands there;underD.There stands;at,2，(1).
3、在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。句式：副词vi名词主语,“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语 结构。,Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.Now comes your turn.,如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。如:Here you are.There she comes.,(2).表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:
4、,In came Mr.White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.,题：There _.And here _.A.goes the phone;she comesB.is the phone going;is sheC.does the phone go;does she comeD.the phone goes;come she,注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。In he came and back he went again.,3.当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall,under th
5、e tree,in front of the house,in the middle of the room等)在句首时。句式：介词短语vi主语（必须是名词）,如：At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.East of the lake lie two towns.Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.,4.分词(代词)+be+主语结构。,Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.,
6、题：_,a man of achievements,deep thoughts,but with simple habits.A.Einstein was such B.Such was Einstein C.Einstein was soD.So was Einstein _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A.Gone B.Go C.To go D.Going,5，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强调表语.句式：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）,1)表语为介词短语Among the goods are Christmas tr
7、ees,flowers,candles and toys.,2)表语为形容词Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.,4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词 Lying on the floor was a boy.Standing beside the desk was a teacher.,3)表语为过去分词Seated on the ground are a group of young people.,二、部分倒装,部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/d
8、oes/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。,1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。,这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）,no sooner（立即）,by no means（决不），not only,in no way（决不）,at no time,few,not,no not until等,句式：“否定词/词组助动词/情态动词/be动词主语其他”。,1)Have you ever seen anything like that before
9、?No,_ anything like that before.A.I never have seen B.never I have seenC.never have I seen D.I have seen2)She is not fond of cooking,_ I.A.so amB.nor amC.neitherD.nor do,2.Only+状语（副词/介词短语/状语从句），位于句首,要部分倒装。,Only by this means is it possible to explain it.(介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance o
10、f math.(副词)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.(从句),注意：在only状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，但从句用正常语序。only修饰主语，不倒装。,3.so或so引导的短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。,I saw the film,so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.,1)The doctor told Charlie to breathe de
11、eply and _.A.so did CharlieB.Charlie did so C.Charlie does soD.did Charlie so2)So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A.did she speak;could everyone B.did she speak;everyone could C.she spoke;could everyone D.she spoke;everyone could,4.Not only+分句,but also+分句句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。,但not only.but also.连接主语时,不倒装。
12、如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.,如：_ himself wrong,but his friends were wrong.A.Not was only he B.Not only he C.Not only was he D.Not only was,5.句首是表频率的副词及短语（often,well,many a time,now and again,once a week,now and then,every other day 等)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。,如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.,题：Many a time _ swimming alone.A.the boy wentB.went the boy C.did the boy goD.did go the boy,6,在某些表示祝愿的句型中如：May you all be happy.Long live China!,Bye-bye!,
