名词性从句难点讲解.ppt

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1、名词性从句考点分析,教学目标,1、语序(order of speech)2、易混连词用法比较(comparison of easily-confusing conj.)3、时态(tense)4、语气(mood)5、形式作用的it 6、插入语(parenthetical statement)7、与相关句式的比较(comparison of related sentence patterns),Tell the type of each Noun Clouse:SC（主语从句）、OC（宾语从句）、PC（表语从句）、AC（同位语从句）1.What life will be like in the f

2、uture is difficult to predict.2.It is certain that things will change.3.They are careful about what they eat and exercise regularly.4.We cannot be sure whether our dreams will come true,but we can at least be hopeful that our efforts to improve the world will be successful.5.The discussion topic for

3、 today is what schools will be like in the future.6.It looks as if they are very excited at the news.7.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.,导入 名词性从句的认识,PC,SC,PC,AC,OC,SC,OC,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Can you tell me how many students are there in your class?2.

4、I dont know where has he gone.3.The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.,there are,he has,was the matter.,规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！,考点精析 1、语序(order of speech),考点精析 1、语序 practice,1.I have always been honest and straightforward,and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to.A.who is it B.who it is C.it i

5、s who D.it is whom2.These shoes look very good.I wonder _.A.how much cost they are B.how much do they cost C.how much they cost D.how much are they cost3.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see_.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is,B,C,D,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.If we will have a meeting ha

6、snt been decided yet.2.It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.3.The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.4.He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether,whether,whether,whether,规律二：5种情况只能用whether：（1）位于句子开头；（2）前面有介词；（3）引导表语从句；（4）与or not连用(书)；（5）引导同位语从句,考点精析

7、2、易混连词用法比较 whether与if,1.We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A.if B.where C.whether D.that 2._(他是否出过国)doesnt make much difference.(he,abroad)3._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where,考点精析 2、易混连词用法比较 whether与if practice,Ke

8、y:Whether he has been abroad or not,c,b,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：I had no idea what he had changed his mind.2.That we cant get seems better than that we have.3.The police were called in to find out that caused the big fire.4.That you have done might do harm to other people.,that,What,what,what,What,规律三：（1）

9、that:无意义，不充当成分，and/or/but/并列连词引导的多个宾语从句中的that,第一个可省略，第二个及以后的均不可省略。（2）what：有意义（“所 的，的”），表示特指概念；充当成分（主、宾、表、定）；不可省略。,考点精析 2、易混连词用法比较(2)what与that,考点精析 2、易混连词用法比较(2)what与that practice,1.(07上海春招)By improving reading skills,you can read faster and understand more of _ you read.A.that B.what C.which D.wheth

10、er2.(07陕西)_ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As3.(05广东)Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.A.which B.that C.what D.whether4.(06四川)-Its thirty years since we last met.-But I still remember the story,believe

11、 it or not,_ we got lost on a rainy night.A.which B.that C.what D.when,B,B,C,B,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：Whoever will speak at the meeting has not been decided yet.2.Who breaks the law shall be punished.3.Go and find out whatever the child wants.4.He will give his daughter what she wants.,Who,Whoever,what,w

12、hatever,规律四：（1）what 类词(who/which/whom/when/where/how):有疑问意义，表示特指概念,充当成分。（2）whatever类词(whoever/whichever/whomever/whenever/wherever):有意义，“凡是 的，无论的，所有的”），无疑问意义，表示泛指概念；充当成分。相当于anyone who,anything that,any one that/who,any time when,any place where.,考点精析 2、易混连词用法比较(3)what类词与whatever类词,1._ makes this sho

13、p different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever2.-Could you do me a favour?-It depends on _ it is.A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever3.These wild flowers are so special I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 4.Eat _ cake you lik

14、e and leave the others for _ comes in late.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever,考点精析 2、易混连词用法比较(3)what类词与whatever类词 practice,c,c,A,A,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.2.Whoever you are,you must observe the law.3.No matter what you do,you must do

15、it well.4.No matter who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,规律五：（1）no matter what 类词(who/which/whom/when/where/how):只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句与whatever类词互换。（2）whatever类词(whoever/whichever/whomever/whenever/wherever)(除however外):既可以引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，能与no matter what类词互换。（3）however只

16、能引导让步状语从句。,Whatever,whoever,考点精析 2、易混连词用法比较(4)no matter what类词与whatever类词,考点精析 2、易混连词用法比较(4)no matter what类词与whatever类词,1.(07山东)Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales,please?A.anyone B.someone C.whoever D.no matter who2.(06山东)_ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national ch

17、ampionships.A.No matter what B.No matter which C.Whatever D.Whichever3.(05浙江)The old tower must be saved,_ the cost.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever 4.(05天津)He tried his best to solve the problem,_ difficult it was.A.however B.no matter C.whatever D.although,c,d,b,a,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：What

18、 he spoke yesterday is worth talking about now.2.I have known when he will go abroad for his further study.3.I know that he is playing computer games in his room.4.We will tell you tomorrow what they were doing at 8:00 yesterday.,规律六：若主句是现在或将来时,从句的时态根据实际，用所需要的时态(各种时态形式)，不受主句时态的限制。,考点精析 3、时态(1)主句是现在或

19、将来时,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：1.He said that he had done his homework before watching TV.2.I was reading a novel when someone rang the doorbell.3.Man knew 900 years ago that the earth goes around the sun.4.We told you what they would do at 8:00 tomorrow.,规律七：（1）若主句是过去时,名词性从句的时态根据实际，用过去的某种时态形式，受主句时态的限制。（2）若主

20、句是过去时,名词性从句若是真理或客观事实，则从句时态仍用一般现在时态。,考点精析 3、时态(2)主句是过去时,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：1.He wishes that he could fly in the sky just like a free bird.2.It is the first/second time that he has been to Chain.3.It is(high)time that we had our class now.4.It is/has been 10 years since he left his home.,规律八：（1）若主句动词是w

21、ish,名词性从句的时态必须用过去的某一种时态，不用现在的某种时态形式，也不用一般将来时。（2）若主句为It is(high)time that时，从句 用一般过去时，或用“should+动词原形”。（3）若主句为It is/has been 10 years since,则从句用一般过去时态。（4）若主句为It is the first/second time that,则从句用现在完成时态。,考点精析 3、时态(3)主句是特殊句式,考点精析 3、时态 practice,1.(05北京)As soon as he comes back,Ill tell him when _ and see

22、him.A.you will come B.will you come C.you come D.do you come2.(05 江西)-Hurry up!Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.-Oh!I thought they _ without me.A.went B.are going C.have gone D.had gone3.(07四川)When you get the paper back,pay attention to what _.A.have marked B.have been marked C.

23、had marked D.had been marked 4.(07天津)If Newton lived today,he would be surprised by what _ in science and technology.A.had discovered B.had been discovered C.has discovered D.has been discovered,d,d,b,a,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.We suggested that we would go to the cinema.2.My suggestion is that we must d

24、o our homework first.3.His suggestion that we went there on foot is acceptable.,We suggested that we(should)go to the cinema.,My suggestion is that we(should)do our homework first.,His suggestion that we(should)go there on foot,规律九：注意虚拟语气的使用！(主、宾、表、同),考点精析 4、语气(mood),虚拟语气用should的情况,1.动词：一个坚持(insist)

25、;两个命令(order,command);三项要求(demand,require,request);四条建议(suggest,propose,advise,recommend)后接that宾语从句中，it+be+v.ed+that 的主语从句中2.以上动词的名词(insistence,order,command,demand,requirement,request,suggestion,proposal,advice,recommendation)所接的同位语从句及表语从句中妙法巧计:“I drop cars”3.在“It+adj.(important,natural,necessary,st

26、range,urgent,essential)+that 主语从句”中4.在“It is(about/high)time+that 主语从句”中,1.(05江苏)-Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?-I agree,but the problem is _ he has refused to.A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;that C.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what2.Janes pale fac

27、e suggested that she _ ill,and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.A.be;should have B.was;have C.should be;had D.was;has,考点精析 4、语气(mood)practice,B,B,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will

28、 held our sports meeting.3.Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,规律十：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助“it”而后置。,考点精析 5、形式作用的it-代替主语或宾语从句,主语从句和宾语从句借助“it”后置的“适当情况”,1、It is/was necessary/important/clea

29、r/certain/that/wh-;2.It seems/ed/happens/ed/appears/ed/makes no difference/doesnt matter that/wh-;3、It is/was said/reported/announced/suggested/ordered/expected/decided/that/wh-;4、It is no wonder/an honor/a pleasure/a pity/no surprise that/wh-;宾语从句在以下句型中:1、主语+vt.（find/feel/think/consider/make/believ

30、e/consider/）+it+宾补+that/wh-;2、主语+vt.（love/like/hate/appreciate/）+it+that/wh-;,1.(07天津)He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.this B.that C.it D.these 2.(05上海春招)Our club is open to adults only._ your children have entered without permission.A.There seems that B.It seems to b

31、e C.There seems to be D.It seems that 3.(04全国)I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A.this B.that C.it D.one,考点精析 5、形式作用的it-代替主语或宾语从句 practice,C,D,C,分析下列句子中的插入语及分割现象，并总结出规律：-What did your parents think about your decision?-They always let me do _ I think I should.A.when B.that

32、C.how D.what 2.(05福建)Mum is coming.What present _ for your birthday?A.you expect she has got B.you expect has she got C.do you expect she has got D.do you expect has she got,考点精析 6、插入语及分割现象,D,c,规律十一：（1）在陈述句中（含分割现象）:暂时忽略插入语，不受其干扰；或还原为正常语序。（2）在疑问句中:正常语序是：“特殊疑问词开头+插入语(do you think/believe/guess/suppose

33、/say/suggest/are you sure)+陈述语序？”,考点精析 6、插入语及分割现象,(05浙江)Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon.A.who B.that C.as D.which2.(06 重庆)Nobody believe his reason for being absent from class _ he had to met his uncle at the airport.A.why B.that C.where D.because3.(06全国)Plea

34、se remind me _ he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off.A.where B.when C.how D.what,B,B,B,规律十二：去掉it is/was that 后，下余内容所构成的句子成分完整 时，该结构即为强调句型。,考点精析 7、与相关句式的比较(1)与强调句型it is/was that比较,分析下列句子中的强调句型，并总结出规律：1.(07上海春)It is imagination _ makes the world colorful,full of vigor and vitality.A.whe

35、re B.what C.that D.when 2.(07重庆)It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance.A.which B.it C.that D.this3.(06辽宁)It was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important.A.that B.when C.since D.as4.(05 天津)It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters.A.that B

36、.what C.which D.this5.(04全国)It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply.A.since B.when C.as D.that,c,c,D,A,A,（活力和生气）,考点精析 7、与相关句式的比较(2)与定语从句,分析下列句子中的从句，并总结出规律：1.(06上海春)Doris success lies in the fact _ she is cooperative and eager to learn from other.A.which B.that C.when D.wh

37、y2.(04上海)A story goes _ Elizabeth of English liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A.when B.where C.what D.that3.(07江西)After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.A.that B.what C.which D.where4.(07 福建)The village h

38、as developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago.A.when B.which C.that D.where5.(05安徽)Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer _ it was years ago,_ it was so poorly equipped.A.what;when B.that;which C.what;which D.which;that,B,D,D,D,A,。,规律十三：(1)名词性从句:a.只有同位语从句前有先行词；b.该先行词多为

39、抽象意义的名词；c.先行词在从句中不充当任何成分；d.连词和从句所表达的意义是先行词的具体内容。(2)定语从句:a.前必须有先行词；b.该先行词可为抽象意义或具体意义的名词；c.先行词在从句中必须充当任何成分；d.连词和从句所表达的意义是对先行词的内容的 限制和修饰。,。,规律十三：(3)不同的引导词:as不用在名词从句中;when,where在名词性从句中 不能与in/on/at which 互换;whether,if,what,how不用在定语从句中。(4)名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系:what=all that;whoever=anyone who;whomever=anyone w

40、hom;whatever=anything that;whichever=any of that。,考点精析 7、与相关句式的比较(3)与 状语从句,分析下列句子中的从句，并总结出规律：1.It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.A.before B.since C.after D.when 2.You can eat food free in my restaurant _ you like.A.whenever B.wherever C.whatever D.however3.Dont leave the sharp kn

41、ife _ our little Jane can get it.A.in which B.to which C.that D.where4.See the flags on top of the building?That was _ we did this morning.A.when B.which C.where D.what 5.Could you speak to _ is in charge of International Sales,please?A.anyone B.someone C.whoever D.no matter who,B,c,D,D,A,。,规律十四：（1）

42、状语从句：a.从句本身一定是完整的句子。b.连词有自己“独立的、固定的、特定的”意义。c.连词不充当从句的任何成分。d.它和从句一起只能做主句的某种状语，表示主句谓语动词 发生的时间、原因、条件等等。(2)名词从句：a.从句本身不一定是完整的句子（that,whether,if 引导 的从句是完整的;wh-疑问词引导的不是完整的）。b.连词不一定充当从句的成分（that,whether,if 不充当从句的成分;wh-疑问词充当从句的某一成分）（主、宾、表、定、状）。c.连词意义变化了：that 无意义；if/whether“是否”（不是“如果”）；when“的时候”（不是“当时候”）；wher

43、e“的地方”（不是“在地方”）。,。,规律十四：(3)不同的引导词:as,while,since,as if,even if,though,once,unless 不用于名词从句中;what,who,whom,whose,which不用在状语从句中。(4)状语从句的特殊时态：主句将来时态，表时间、条件、让步的状语从句必须用 一般现在时。“It is+时间段+since 从句”中，since从句必须用 一般过去时。（注意：若is改为was，则since从句中用过去完成时）1.误：I dont know if he comes back this month.正：I dont know if he

44、 will come back this month.（宾语从句）2.误：It is 5 years since he has joined the party.正：It is 5 years since he joined the party.,强化训练,1.I just wonder _ that makes him so excited.A.why it does B.what does he C.how is it D.what it is2.It will be two months _ Jane leaves school.She is going to be a doctor.A

45、.that B.before C.since D.when3.Word came _ the PLA man approached the child slowly and helped him to safety.A.when B.that C.since D.where4.The child is always lying,so none of us will believe _ he says.A.whatever B.no matter what C.how D.whichever5.The question_ he asked was _ the electrical equipment should be stored.A.what;that B.which;if C.;where D.when;because6.Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have.A.what;however B.that;however hard C.which;no matter what D.what;whatever,B,B,C,A,D,D,