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1、相关概念从句种类引导词及语序常考考点连接词that与which/what/If/whetherIt作形式主语与形式宾语同位语从句与定语从句的区别虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用,语法专题 名词性从句,什么叫“名词性从句”？,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,主语,His job is very important.,What he does is very important.,表语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,宾语,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,同
2、位语,I dont know about the man,Mr.White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,名词性从句的种类,名词性从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句,主语从句在句中做-宾语从句在句中做-表语从句在句中做-同位语从句在句中-,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,1.What surprised me was to see him here.,2.The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.,3.Everyone knew what happen
3、ed and that she was worried.,5.The fact that deeds are better than words is quite clear.6.The question how I did it is hard to answer.,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,4.It matters a lot if we have enough time.,主语从句,名词性从句的引导词,引导词,连接词：that（无词义；不做句子成分只起连接作用）,连接词：if/whether“是否”（不做句子成分只起连接 作用）,连接代词：who,whom,w
4、hose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever(作从句的主/宾/表语/定),连接副词：when,where,why,how(作从句的状语),语序,引导词,+,陈述句语序,名词性从句几大常考考点,That与what/which/的区分,1._,she told me，was her family.(importance)她告诉我，家庭对于她是非常重要的。2.A sense of responsibility and a caring attitude are_while you work as a nurse.(remind)我必须要提醒你
5、，从事护士工作要具备责任感 关爱之心。3.The fact _our health is widelyaccepted.(harmful)广泛认为吸烟有害健康。,Tips:,考虑由何种句子类型转化而来；引导词是否在从句中作句子成分；,What was of great importance,what I must remind you of,that smoking is harmful to,Whether/if,1._tomorrow makes no difference to me.(hold)明天是否开会对于我来说没多大区别。2.I wonder _asking a few ques
6、tions.(mind)不知你是否介意我问你几个问题。3.We havent settled the question of _to study abroad.(necessary)我们还没解决对于她而言是否有必要出国留学的问题。,Tips:,位于句首的主语从句；表语及同位语从句；介词后的宾语从句；,Whether the meeting will be held,if/whether you mind me/my,whether it is necessary for her,whether,it 用作形式主语和形式宾语的情况,1._we were late because she wast
7、ed too much time.(fault)我们迟到是她的错，因为她浪费了太多的时间。2._that I had left my keys at home.(occur)我突然想起来我把钥匙落在家里了。3._when people laugh at the disabled.(hate)我讨厌人们嘲笑残疾人。,It was her fault that,It occurred to me,I hate it,It 作形式主语的常用句型有:,1.It+be+adj.(obvious/important)+that 从句,2.It+be+n.(duty/pity.)+that 从句,3.It+
8、be+done.(said/thought.)+that 从句,4.It+vi./vt.(occur to/strike/hit sb.)+that 从句,consider/find/think/feel/make/+it+adj./n.+that like/love/hate/dislike/appreciate it+if/when Depend/rely on it that指望/相信 Owe it to sb.that感谢某人,It 作形式宾语的情况：,定语从句与同位语的区别,The news that our team has won the final match is encou
9、raging.我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is really encouraging.你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。,相似之处,1.两种从句都可以译成定语,2、两种从句都可以用that引导,不同之处,作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面抽象名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。,引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：同位语从句中that 是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。,Tips:,代入还原法,It is demanded that the books _the sc
10、hool library within two weeks.(return)按要求这些书在两个星期内必须归还到学校图书馆。2.It is necessary that a college student _.(master)大学生应该至少掌握一门外语。3.I wish that _yesterday.(follow)我真希望昨天听从了你的建议。,名词性从句中的虚拟语气,should be returned to,should master at least a foreign language,I had followed your advice,Tips:,1.在主语从句中表示“必须的”，“
11、重要的”，“自然的”，“不可能的”等或表示惊奇，惋惜等意义时，常用到“should+do”虚拟语气。常用句型有：,it be+important/necessary/natural/impossible/+that从句,it be+a pity/a shame/+that从句,2.与以下意义相关的名词性从句中要用到“should+do”的虚拟语气：,一个坚持（insist）两个命令（order，command）三个建议（suggest/suggestion,propose/proposal,advise/advice）四个要求（demand,require/requirement,reques
12、t,ask）,3.与时态有关的虚拟语气运用：,wish+宾从,与现在事实相反：did/were,与过去事实相反：had done,与将来事实相反：would/could+do,其他：,Its time that 从句（should+do 或者 did）,It is/was the first/time+that从句（have/has done/had done）,1.He told me that he_our design when his work was over.(help）她告诉我他忙完后帮助我们进行设计。,2.I try to understand _ prevents so ma
13、ny Americans from being as happy as one expects.(it)我想弄明白到底是什么使这么多的美国人不像人们认为的那样幸福。,3._ that air pollution is an extremely serious problem,the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.(deny)无可否认，空气污染是个极其严重的问题，城市当局应该采取有力措施来解它。,4._is clear to us.（land）我们很清楚谁第一个登上月球的。5.It is still unknown _ to visit her sick father.(set)她是否能省出点时间去看望她生病的父亲还不清楚。6.This is _yesterday.(witness)这就是她昨天所目睹的。7.It will make a difference if we realize _ to live life to the fullest.(important)如果我们意识到充实生活是多么重要的话就会有所作为。8.we have no idea _.。（live）我们不知道明天我们将住哪里。,
