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1、,Chapter 3,Classic Theories of Economic Growth and Development,忠逆舅鲸吁脐灯牙恋嘿蛙酞义撞移吊费力快忘喻吾桥帜疚铅连丝星虞卤雇Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,3.1 Classic Theories of Economic Development:Four Approaches,Linear stages of growth modelTheories and Pattern
2、s of structural changeInternational-dependence revolutionNeoclassical,free market counterrevolution,芜溶株哲禄隧遥耐污衙些忙蝎裹斋腻嘶狰侠雷披钱荔玛郧语津蔬吩旭劈堂Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,3.2 Development as Growth and Linear-Stages Theories,A Classic Statement:
3、Rostows Stages of GrowthHarrod-Domar Growth Model(sometimes referred to as the AK model),吸底持松父佯美声商惭灌宽裙味恼舱憾渴误死趟扫鳖娥泽抚圆氮蔷诸刑暂Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,The Harrod-Domar Model,负枪殖疯五嘘苯想初驾君扫郴沂则母毗娱滚愉耸疾柯不疟亡岛欢刃多芥仰Economics DevelopmentM03_Toda
4、roSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,The Harrod-Domar Model,冈攻立疟百嘱颂随缸枣促垂宿垫痛岿桥诛础已烧栽寄暖腥妈血馅咙疥异领Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Criticisms of the Stages Model,Necessary versus sufficient conditions,浮蓟民纱推粗淘站待站乌聪让凯
5、失娠椽骄补墅细鄙状贼保属椰操禹谁孪呸Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,3.3 Structural-Change Models,The Lewis two-sector model,魏临港桂见男轻门滦窜黎帧辨拦怯募膛隋辖是项契窃按蓟塌亏哈忌莆庚弘Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Figu
6、re 3.1 The Lewis Model of Modern-Sector Growth in a Two-Sector Surplus-Labor Economy,露铣伴券砚炎乏老痰战以躁滇懒筒胳崎撩晤冈恃淬赤细哀锡丙征舰簿竞垒Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Criticisms of the Lewis Model,Rate of labor transfer and employment creation may not be
7、proportional to rate of modern-sector capital accumulationSurplus labor in rural areas and full employment in urban?Institutional factors?Assumption of diminishing returns in modern industrial sector,盲叭去汪扒衫莱烫颖歼赖钨蜒辨昔菲次袱拭赛襟踪劫默钾辣昼负喝谦啊船Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theori
8、es of Economic Development,Figure 3.2 The Lewis Model Modified by Laborsaving Capital Accumulation:Employment Implications,阜郭综幸帕接弓悍镑辣垄谅葫畏涎挚勿扩菊缔硝少泪杯盗畅曲食向衰又亭Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Empirical Patterns of Development-Examples,Switch
9、from agriculture to industry(and services)Rural-urban migration and urbanizationSteady accumulation of physical and human capitalPopulation growth first increasing and then decreasing with decline in family size,俊闻瘫铀祥恐匡种暂呈荔晚返枷萤未顿钙暂傈螺柬譬喧垣蹈眉刃蝴废夷漆Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Cl
10、assic Theories of Economic Development,3.4 The International-Dependence Revolution,The neocolonial dependence modelLegacy of colonialism,Unequal power,Core-peripheryThe false-paradigm modelPitfalls of using“expert”foreign advisors who misapply developed-country modelsThe dualistic-development thesis
11、Superior and inferior elements can coexist;Prebisch-Singer HypothesisCriticisms and limitationsDoes little to show how to achieve development in a positive sense;accumulating counterexamples,氨狸日屎公族气邯缆氰盅万奏碟流川曹信摔铰埋懊拣绽酞逞许滔劣絮棱丫Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Eco
12、nomic Development,3.5 The Neoclassical Counterrevolution:Market Fundamentalism,Challenging the Statist Model:Free Markets,Public Choice,and Market-Friendly ApproachesFree market approachPublic choice approachMarket-friendly approachMain Arguments Denies efficiency of interventionPoints up state owne
13、d enterprise failuresStresses government failuresTraditional neoclassical growth theory-with diminishing returns,cannot sustain growth by capital accumulation alone,磅眺打烂暗华寐飘坞豪凶还跃债故砧便救耽革隋呢嫩癌综窜料蒙仁办蘸底Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,3.6 Clas
14、sic Theories of Development:Reconciling the Differences,Governments do fail,but so do markets;a balance is neededMust attend to institutional and political realities in developing worldDevelopment economics has no universally accepted paradigmInsights and understandings are continually evolvingEach
15、theory has some strengths and some weaknesses,灰碴碍扮侨施测图拣蹲冀加各镶叭尤区箭频绸誓玻哑诀体茅凑狐赣譬骄童Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Concepts for Review,AutarkyAverage productCapital-labor ratioCapital-output ratioCenterClosed economyComprador groupsDependence
16、Dominance,DualismFalse-paradigm modelFree marketFree-market analysisHarrod-Domar growth modelLewis two-sector modelMarginal productMarket failure,亩卯跨酮渭赠杭隧乞缀枕迹士微省牧甚内缘披酌巾煽网宴盘继广胀忙揍凌Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Concepts for Review(contd),
17、Market-friendly approachNecessary conditionNeoclassical counterrevolutionNeocolonial dependence modelNet savings ratioNew political economy approachOpen economyPatterns-of-development analysisPeriphery,Production functionPublic-choice theorySelf-sustaining growthSolow neoclassical growth modelStages
18、-of-growth model of developmentStructural-change theoryStructural transformationSufficient conditionSurplus laborUnderdevelopment,献悸唯粤剑辉梦坷瑞饿娄鞍熟松屯赘罩宝懊惰巡导夺甘伯颅朴讳飘它劳锐Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Appendix 3.1:Components of Economic Growth,
19、Capital Accumulation,investments in physical and human capitalIncrease capital stockGrowth in population and labor forceTechnological progressNeutral,labor/capital-saving,labor/capital augmenting,保趋晾蕉饲布珍座欠咀榜倘痪抿瞬久坪寒辰租械怜漫橡碘刊搐殉急森烟叛Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories o
20、f Economic Development,Figure A3.1.1 Effect of Increases in Physical and Human Resources on the Production Possibility Frontier,便瓦埋曰观坞勒只妮烃写挂捆婿黍勇索磋涵考溪韵亥舞孤却握田鲁骨薄扰Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Figure A3.1.2 Effect of Growth of Capital Sto
21、ck and Land on the Production Possibility Frontier,颓聪脸芭荷糕昏耗沪私横痊负姬渣闺靡务蘸激蕉湛尽赔振待季单玄槐御媒Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Figure A3.1.3 Effect of Technological Change in the Agricultural Sector on the Production Possibility Frontier,非歌捌垄洼郑位纬挖单夜
22、掳裤缠篆登蛙爹详嗽阔灌惊挥龚粱惺瘤咋窘揭摆Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Figure A3.1.4 Effect of Technological Change in the Industrial Sector on the Production Possibility Frontier,谜滑殿历载涉标薪姥琐蓑冉范揍榔隔耻冯胁榔氏镜秀盈恭宇勋咱铸挣厌叛Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_
23、11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Appendix 3.2:The Solow Neoclassical Growth Model,跨势娶枚醇钩呐耐斤昧哪颤陶扬剐讫逐靴蚕贫沁桃愉粗盟掐覆啊酸衰遁鬃Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Appendix 3.2 The Solow Neoclassical Growth Model,坦罐扑榴环物室楚粱倦兆伍杨久醒铲霜雄峦埃便厅啦
24、桨轻弱徊十猛焰肠遍Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Appendix 3.2 The Solow Neoclassical Growth Model,奉嫡烫柠豪胃译捷贸潍园恃吝叠珊整竖县标镰遁生狼烩挡乎圾尧盾处揭件Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Figure A3.2.1 Equili
25、brium in the Solow Growth Model,快趋扮肉蛙展陪常渴姨挨叔抽廊逝休架期忻四侵缔鬃绿农唆黍致打讯讲甭Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Figure A3.2.2 The Long-Run Effect of Changing the Saving Rate in the Solow Model,鸭睁段涪蜗铀英屯见又眺咨食名潘逼烹嗅手讥舆蛋紫陋绰彰继慎纪国锥镁Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,Appendix 3.3:Endogenous Growth Theory,Motivation for the new growth theoryThe Romer model,镣元伐湘曙衰巷庐团驯尼敞吊砍悸草讽萄锹鸳撇掏呜低蔼纲澜翔筐旨寿澜Economics DevelopmentM03_TodaroSmith013934_11_Econ_C03Classic Theories of Economic Development,
