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1、中国传统节日风俗与翻译,chief traditional festivals in China,Tomb Sweeping Festival,Spring Festival,Dragon Boat Festival,Mid-autumn Festival,agricultural calendar,The world calendar is designed according to the period that the earth circles around the sun.,The Chinese lunar calendar is the one that the moon cir
2、cles around the earth.summer/lunar calendar,agricultural calendar,A“Chinese year”is 364 days,1.14219 days shorter than a solar year.To make up for the gap,ancient Chinese set up“the leap month”.In every 19 years,there should be 7 leap months.,jieqi,Jieqi(solar terms)are seasonal periods indicating t
3、he obvious changes of weather when they come around,altogether 24,designed to guide agricultural activities.,春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒夏暑相连，秋处露秋寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。,二十四节气歌,Jieqi,清明下种，谷雨插秧。Sowing seed in Qingming,and transplanting in Guyu.,白露早，寒露迟，秋分种麦正当时。When planting wheat,Qiufen is the right time,because the time of Bai
4、lu is too early but,when Hanlu comes it is too late.,Spiritual Demand for Festivals,People wish to ask for blessings and praying for protection against disasters through holding memorial ceremonies and offering sacrifices to heaven and their ancestors on holidays.,Spring Festival,Spring Festival and
5、 元元-start 旦-early morning,Spring Festival and 立春 立-start 立春-the Beginning of Spring,Laba(eighth of the twelfth lunar month of the old year),Laba is the episode of Spring Festival.After laba,the celebrating atmosphere for the coming of Spring Festival is growing.,Origins of laba,la(腊)means the turnin
6、g from the old to the new.2.laji(腊祭)Its a sacrificial ceremony held at the turn of a year(winter preserving)in the primitive society to celebrate the harvest,to thank the Heaven and to pray for the protection of the Heaven as well as abundant grain harvest in the coming year.,spring sowing 春耕summer
7、weeding 夏耘 autumn reaping 秋收 winter preserving 冬藏,laba porridge(腊八粥)释迦牟尼 to advocate the thrifty lifeto pray for a good harvest in the coming year,xiaonian(小年)23rd of the twelfth month of lunar year二十三，糖瓜粘to sacrifice for the kitchen god,二十四，扫房子house-cleaning/dustingto eliminate dust,bacteria and an
8、y misfortune.,除夕(the eve before the Lunar new year)年having all the lights in houses on or candles burnt;staying together for the coming of the New Year（年）;fire firecrackers around midnight;paying New Year Calls,Mr longevity 寿百龄太爷Mr Wealth 富有余老爷Mr nobility 贵无极大人Mr Luck 福照临老爷,New Year Visitors,Spring
9、Festival couplet Shen Tu（神荼）and Yu Lei（郁垒）peach tree,Spring Festival motifs on doors and wallsShe Tu and Yu Lei Qin Shubao 秦叔宝Yuchi Jingde 尉迟敬德,yasuiqian（压岁钱）Yasuiqian is to help kids bribe any evils in the coming year if they come to hurt or attack,thus protecting their own safety.岁and 祟 are homony
10、ms.压岁 indicates suppressing the evil.,Diet of Spring FestivalJiaozi;niangaoYuanxiao-Lantern Festival:the first full moon and the family reunion,Interesting taboos in Spring FestivalJiaozi-broken(破)earned（挣）碎碎（岁岁）平安breaking fifth of the first lunar month(破五),Tomb Sweeping Day/Pure Brightness Festival
11、,Jie Zhitui(介子推)of Spring and Autumn Period;Chonger(重耳，the prince of Jin晋),Cold Food Day（寒食节）-the 103th day after the Winter Solstice（冬至）green willow wickers;flying a kite,the Dragon Boat Festival,eat eggs and glutinous rice wrapped up in bamboo or reed leaves wear perfume bags;winding colorful thre
12、ads around childrens wrists;hanging certain plants on the doors;to keep the evil spirit away.,Mid-Autumn Festival,family reunion old man matchmaker matrimonial destiny Change Jade rabbit Moon Palace Houyi mookcake,当下已是腊月，离年日近，王夫人与凤姐治办年事。（曹 53）It was now the twelfth month.As New Year was fast approac
13、hing,Lady Wang and Xifeng had their hands full with preparations.,辞岁以后，从长辈得到压岁钱，红纸包着，放在枕边，只要过一宵，便可以随便使用。睡在枕边，看着红包，想到明天买来的小鼓，刀枪，泥人，糖菩萨然而她进来了，又将一个福橘放在床头了。（鲁迅 朝花夕拾）,After seeing the old year out,I put beside my pillow the money wrapped in red paper,which the grown-ups had given me as a New Year gift of
14、 luck.The next morning I could spend it as I would be pleased.I lay on my pillow eyeing the red packages,thinking of the small drum,the weapons,the clay figures and sugar Buddhathat I would buy tomorrow.Then she came in and put a Good-Luck Orange at the head of the bed.see sth out:last until the end
15、 of sth;eg:enough coal to see the winter out,王夫人与凤姐是天天忙着请人吃年酒，那边厅上院内皆是戏酒，亲友络绎不绝，一连忙了七八日才完了。早又元宵将近，宁荣二府皆张灯结彩。（红 53）Lady Wang and Xifeng were busy entertaining guests,for an unending stream of friends and relatives attended the New-Year feasts and operas held daily for about a week in their hall and c
16、ourtyard.And as soon as this was over,both mansions were decked out and hung with lanterns for the approaching Lantern Festival.,重阳佳节这天，周世章放了一天假，教学生们去登高游玩。（梁山伯与祝英台）On the day of Double Ninth Festival,Zhou Shizhang gave his students a one-day holiday so that they could go sight-seeing.go to climb mou
17、ntain for tradition and sightseeing.,贾蓉接过禀帖和账目，忙展开捧着，贾珍倒背着两手，向贾蓉手内只看红禀帖上写着：“门下庄头乌进孝叩请爷，奶奶万福金安，并公子小姐。新春大喜大福，荣贵平安，加官进禄，万事如意。（红 53）,Jia Rong took the card and list and held them out while Jia Zhen,his hands behind his back,read them.On the red card was written:“Your servant,Bailiff Wu Jinxiao,kowtows t
18、o wish the master and mistress boundless happiness and good health,and good health to the young master and young mistress too.May the New Year bring you great happiness and good fortune,wealth,nobility and peace.May you be promoted with increased emoluments and have all your wishes come true.”,李纨道：“
19、放风筝图的就是这一乐，所以又说放晦气，你更该多放些，把你这病根儿都带了去就好了。（红70）,“Kite-flying is just for fun.Thats why we call it sending off bad luck,”said Li Wan.“You should do this more often,and then you might get rid of that illness of yours.Wouldnt that be a good thing?”,他（周经理）记起衣锦还乡那句成语，有一年乘清明节回县去祭祀扫墓，结识本地人士。（围城）One year,reme
20、mbering the saying about returning home clothes in glory,he chose the Ching Ming Festival to return to his district to offer obeisance at the family temple,attend to the ancestral graves,and make acquaintances with local notables.,外面又有工部官员并五城兵备道打扫街道，撵逐闲人。贾赦等督率匠人扎花灯焰火之类，至十四日，聚已停妥。这一夜，上下通不曾眠。（曹 18）Out
21、side,officers from the Board of Works and the Chief of the Metropolitan Police had the streets swept and cleared of loiterers.Jia She superintended the craftsmen making ornamental lanterns and fireworks,and by the fourteenth everything was ready.But no one,high or low,slept a wink that night.,那一年腊月初
22、七日，老耗子升座议事，因说：“明日乃是腊八，世上人都熬腊八粥。如今我们洞中果品极少，须得趁此打劫些来方妙。”乃拔令箭一支，遣一能干的小耗前去打听。（红 19）,One year on the seventh day of the twelfth moon,the Rat Patriarch ascended his throne to hold a council.He announced,“Tomorrow is the Feast of Winter Gruel when all men on earth will be cooking their sweet gruel.Here in our cave we have few fruits or nuts;we must go foraging.”he handed an arrow of command to an able young rat and order him to go out and reconnoiter.,
