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1、情态动词和虚拟语气,1情态动词的基本用法,【温馨提示】1表示经过努力而成功地做成某件具体事情时，一般用was/were able to，不用could。The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.尽管大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都逃了出去。,2can的一些常用固定搭配：cannot but do sth./cannot help but do sth./cannot choose but do sth.表示“不得不，只好”。cannot/can never.enough/
2、too再也不为过3may的常用固定搭配：may well动词原形意为“完全能，很可能”，may as well动词原形意为“最好，不妨，倒不如”。4must开头的问句，其否定回答用neednt或dont have to代替。,2表示推测的情态动词用法比较,3.情态动词have done,4.虚拟语气基本用法,5.虚拟语气的特殊用法,5.虚拟语气的特殊用法,1(2010全国I卷)Just be patient.You_ expect the world to change so soon.AcantBneedntCmay not Dwill not【解析】句意：耐心点，你不能指望这个世界变得如此
3、快。这里用cant表示“不能，不可以，不可能”。neednt没有必要；may not可能不；will not将不，都不符合句意。【答案】A,2(2010山东高考)I _have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.Ashouldnt BneedntCcouldnt Dmustnt【解析】句意：我本不应该去看那部电影它会使我做噩梦的。shouldnt have done本不该干，但是干了；neednt have done本没必要干，但是干了；couldnt have done不可能干了某事；无mustnt have done结构。根据题干
4、所给信息应选A项。【答案】A,3(2010天津高考)Mark_ have hurried.After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.Aneednt BwouldntCmustnt Dcouldnt【解析】句意：Mark本不必那么匆忙，他极速行驶，最后早到了半个小时。neednt have done表示“过去不必要做的事情却做了”；couldnt have done表示“过去不可能做了(某事)”；wouldnt have done用在表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中；mustnt表禁止。【答案】A,4(2010湖南高考)You
5、 _ buy a gift，but you can if you want to.Amust BmustntChave to Ddont have to【解析】句意：你不必买礼物了，但是如果你愿意的话也可以买。根据句意可知此处须用否定形式，故排除A、C项；mustnt表示禁止；dont have to意为“不必”。【答案】D,5(2010上海高考)Sorry，Professor Smith.I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.Oh，you _have done it as yesterday was the deadline.Amust Bmustn
6、tCshould Dshouldnt,【解析】答语句意：你本应该完成作业的，因为昨天是最后的期限。四个选项中B项不能与have done连用，故排除；must have done意为“肯定做了”，表推测，说明说话人对所推测的事情把握较大；should have done本应该做(实际上没做)；shouldnt have done本不应该做(实际上做了)。由语境可知C项正确。【答案】C,6(2010北京高考)Good morning.Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah，good morning
7、.You_ be Mrs.Peters.Amight BmustCwould Dcan【解析】答语句意：早上好，那您一定是皮特斯夫人。此处考查情态动词表推测的用法。根据题干可以判断说话人对所推断的情况很肯定，故选择B项。【答案】B,7(2010江苏高考)I havent got the reference book yet，but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry.You _have it by Friday.Acould BshallCmust Dmay【解析】答语句意：别担心，周五之前你一定会有的。shall用于第二人
8、称表示允诺、要求、命令、威胁等语气，根据句意可知此处表示允诺的语气，故答案为B。could能，能够；must必须；may也许，均不符合语境，可排除。【答案】B,8(2010全国卷)Im afraid Mr.Harding _ see you now.Hes busy.Acant BmustntCshouldnt Dneednt【解析】由句意“Hes busy.”看出，此处应使用cant，表示“不能够，不可以”。【答案】A,9(2010安徽高考)Jack described his father，who _ a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled
9、 man.Awould be Bwould have beenCmust be Dmust have been【解析】句意：杰克的父亲很多年前一定非常勇敢，因此杰克说他的父亲是一个意志坚定的人。由句中的many years ago可知是对过去的推测，故排除A、C；而B项表示可能性很小，故被排除。【答案】D,10(2010福建高考)Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.Anot allow Bdo not allowCmustnt allow Dcoul
10、dnt allow【解析】句意：为了安全起见，老师建议家长不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。recommend，suggest，insist，order，request，advise等表示“建议、命令、要求”等意思的动词，后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。【答案】A,11(2010浙江高考)Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy _.Awould have been saved Bhad been savedCwill be saved
11、 Dwas saved【解析】句意：如果我了解这种电脑程序的话，就可以节约大量的时间和精力。此处条件句使用过去完成时态(省略if而使用部分倒装结构)，由此推断主句表示与过去事实相反，因而主句谓语动词使用“wouldhave过去分词”，故答案为A项。【答案】A,12(2010天津高考)John went to the hospital alone.If he _me about it，I would have gone with him.Ashould tellBtellsCtold Dhad told【解析】此题考查虚拟语气的if条件句的时态。根据第一句谓语动词went，可知第二句的从句为与过
12、去事实相反的虚拟语气，故if从句谓语动词要用had told。【答案】D,13(2010北京高考)The weather has been very hot and dry.Yes.If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！And my vegetables _.Awouldnt die Bdidnt dieChadnt died Dwouldnt have died【解析】题干中if引导的从句为过去完成时，是对过去事情的虚拟，主句却是would do，对现在事实的虚拟，此为干扰部分，考生须分析清楚句意，空格处表示
13、蔬菜都死了，是过去的事实，在对过去的事实进行虚拟，故选择D项。【答案】D,14(2010湖南高考)If he _my advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.Afollowed Bshould followChad followed Dwould follow【解析】根据“wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故选C项。【答案】C,15(2010江苏高考)George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but Id rather he _ more on its culture.Afocus BfocusedCwould focus Dhad focused【解析】would rather 后的从句中应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反时，用动词的过去时。【答案】B,
