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1、Unit 4Helping people around the world,特殊句式(二)倒装句 经典背诵 1.Out of the cage flew a bird.2.South of the river lies a beautiful village.3.Only in this way can you learn English well.4.Never before have I seen such a clever boy.5.Lily cant speak Chinese；neither/nor can Lucy.6.Not until he returned could hi
2、s wife fall asleep.,7.We love having lots of friends；so do those with disabilities.8.Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man of great achievements.9.Not only did they lose all their money，but they also came close to losing their lives.10.So dearly he love his wife that he always meets her needs.,趁热打铁
3、1.直到他回来我们才弄清真相。_2.我以前从未看过这么感人的电影。_3.刘谦魔术表演得这么好，以致有许多“谦丝”。_,【答案】1.Not until he returned did we find out the truth.2.Never before have I seen such a moving film.3.So wonderfully does Liu Qian perform magic that he has so many fans.,【名师点注】倒装就是将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种。倒装的原因：一是语法结构的需要，二是为了强调。背诵上述句子
4、时可试着将它们变成正常语序。,.重点词汇1_ n目的；意图2_ n冲突3_ adj.紧急的；紧迫的4_ n(问题等的)方面5_ vt.取来；去拿来6_ n手段；方法7_ vi.&vt.逃跑；逃避8_ n开销；花费；经费；代价,9_ vt.操作；运作；动手术_ n军事行动；操作；实施10_ vt.使感到荣耀；给荣誉；尊敬_ adj.可敬的；品格高尚的11_ vi.合作_ n合作12_ adj.明白的；清楚的_ n意识13_ n缺乏_ adj.缺乏的；短缺的14_ n通路；机会_ adj.可接近的；可得到的,15_ v谈及；参考_ n谈及；提到；指称；查阅；参考16_ vt.提醒；使想起_ n提醒
5、物；提示物17_ adj.基本的 n基础；基本要素_ n基本；基石；基部_ adv.基本上；大体上18_ v占据；占用_ n职业；占有19_ v承诺；保证_ n承诺；保证20_ n.&vt.安慰_ adj.舒服的；安慰的,1purpose2.conflict3.urgent4.aspect5.fetch6.means7.flee8.expense9.operate；operation10.honour；honourable11.cooperate；cooperation12.aware；awareness13.lack；lacking14.access；accessible15.refer；r
6、eference16.remind；reminder17.basic；base；basically18.occupy；mit；fort；comfortable,.短语回顾1refer_ 提及；谈到2take_呈现；雇佣3under the umbrella_在保护下4apart_远离；除外5set_出发；开始6on behalf_代表7_只要8break_出故障；抛锚9_chaos处于混乱状态,10die_死于11from place_ place从一地到另一地12get hold_得到；抓住13remind somebody_让人想起；提醒某人14think back_回想15_产生变化,1
7、to2.on3.of4.from5.out6.of7.if only8.down9.in10.from11.to12.of13.of14.to15.make a difference,.佳句回顾1Their car _(在回家的路上抛锚了)and they had to wait for help.2The country _(面临着)financial difficulties.3These photos make me _(想起我的学生时代)4_(我不能再担任任何工作了)at that moment.5Where _(缺少食物)，there is a famine.,1broke down
8、 on their way home2.is faced with3.think back to my schooldays4.I couldnt take on any more work5.there is a short of food,1honour vt.使感到荣耀；给荣誉；尊敬n荣誉；尊敬；荣耀的事,【经典例句】I feel_very_honoured_to have been able to take on this role.(P50)能够从事这一职业我非常荣幸。It is a traditional virtue of the Chinese people to honour
9、_the_elderly and take care of children.尊老爱幼是中华民族的传统美德。He was again honoured_as the Allaround Student.Both his teacher and parents felt happy for him.他又被评为班级全能学生了，老师和父母都为他感到高兴。,【即时应用】完成句子(1)Argentinas Lionel Messi _ the Golden Ball awarded to the European Footballer of the Year of 2009.阿根廷足球明星里奥内尔梅西被
10、授予金球奖，并当选为“2009欧洲足球先生”。(2)The old doctor deserved to _ a lifetime of unselfish work among the sick natives.这位老医生毕生为当地病人无私服务，值得予以奖赏。,(3)Participation in the Olympic Games is looked on not only as an achievement，but also as _.参与奥运会不仅被视为一项成就，而且还是一项荣誉。【答案】(1)was honoured with(2)be honoured for(3)an hono
11、ur,2purpose n目的；意图；意向on purpose故意地for/with the purpose of(doing)sth.为了目的to the purpose有用的；中肯的from the purpose背离宗旨Whats the purpose of doing.？为何做？,【经典例句】The UN is based on a charter that has four main purpose.(P50)联合国宪章有四个目标。He bought the land for/with_the_purpose_of building a villa on it.他为了盖一栋别墅而买
12、下那块地。He has left the book here on_purpose for you to read.他有意把这本书留在这儿让你读。Whats your purpose in going to Shanghai?你要到上海的目的是什么？To visit the World Expo.去看世博。,【即时应用】(4)He is firm _ purpose.AonBofCin Dfor【解析】be firm/weak of purpose意志坚强/薄弱。【答案】B,3lack v.&n缺乏；缺少的东西lackn.缺乏lack forn.(多用于否定句中)需求；需要for/throug
13、h lack ofn.因缺乏a lack ofn.缺乏no lack of不缺乏lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in缺少be short of缺乏,【经典例句】The UN helps countries with other problems such as lack_of education，lack_of food，poverty，disasters and disease.(P51)联合国帮助一些国家解决诸如缺乏教育，缺少食物，贫困，灾难和疾病等问题。Lacking confidence，Tom missed a couple of opportunitie
14、s to get the job.由于缺乏自信，汤姆错失了好几次得到这份工作的机会。Money for the project is_still_lacking.开展这个项目的钱还没着落。,lack是普通用词，指完全没有或部分缺少，既可指具体事物，也可指抽象概念，如智力，知识，勇气等。Lack of proper funding is making our job more difficult.资金短缺使我们的工作更加困难。shortage指“短缺”，是就所需要的量而言的。The factory is a shortage of skilled labour.工厂缺乏熟练工人。,【即时应用】(
15、5)If we know which companies _ this kind of latest equipment，we can make them become our new customers.Alack Black inClack of Dlacking in【答案】A,4expense n花费；代价at ones own expense自费at the public expense公费at any expense/cost不管花多少钱/付出多大代价at the expense of牺牲；付出代价cut down on expenses缩减开支spare no expense不惜
16、一切代价living expenses生活开支,【经典例句】They cannot afford the expense to purchase important things like medicine.(P59)他们买不起像药物那样的重要物品。The prize is an all_expense_paid_trip to Hawaii.奖励是全程免费的夏威夷度假之旅。His successful career was at_the_expense_of his social life.他成功的职业生涯是以牺牲社交生活为代价的。,expense/cost/price/feeexpense
17、表示“费用”时，用法和cost相似，可指生活方面的各种费用，但expense多用于指大量、大规模的花费，常用复数。cost指货物、服务的成本或代价。作“成本，费用”解时是可数名词，指服务费用或一般费用。作“代价，牺牲”解时，既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。price指“(商品出售的)价格”，尤指卖主所定的价格。fee常指“会费，学费，报名费，入场费”或者“付给(医生，律师，教师)的服务费，酬金”，是可数名词。,【即时应用】用上述词的适当形式完成句子(6)We are surprised at the terrible _ of having the house repaired.我们惊讶于
18、修房子的惊人花费。(7)What _ did you pay for this suit?这套西装你花了多少钱？(8)What is the actual _ of one unit?一个单元的实际成本是多少？,(9)He couldnt pay the lawyers _ so he decided to speak for himself.他付不起律师费，所以决定自己为自己辩护。【答案】(6)expense(7)price(8)cost(9)fees,5conflict n冲突；战斗 vi.冲突；抵触,【经典例句】The organization is involved in peacek
19、eeping operations to help end some of the worlds most horrible conflicts.(P50)联合国参与维和帮助结束世界上最激烈的冲突。The two parties have been_in_conflict since the election.这两个政党从选举以来就一直有冲突。Do American immigration laws conflict_with any international laws?英国的移民法与国际法有抵触吗？,conflict/fight/struggle三者都含“战斗，斗争”的意思。conflic
20、t指“由于严重不一致而引起的抵触或冲突”。There was a conflict between the accounts of the witness.证人的话互相抵触。fight本义是“打仗，战斗”，指“任何形式的斗争”，特别强调“短兵相接”。,The blacks have won a fight for freedom.黑人已获得了争取自由的斗争。struggle本义是“挣扎”，指“克服某种障碍或困难，以达到某种目的”。意味着“处境难”。Dont give up without a struggle.不要未经努力就放弃。,【即时应用】用conflict/fight/struggle的
21、适当形式填空(10)She _ to keep back the tears when she heard the news.(11)The two stories _，so I did not know which to believe.(12)He was always _ with his neighbors about the noise.(13)They were poor and had to _ for a living.(14)Armed _ is likely to break out between the two countries.【答案】(10)struggled(1
22、1)conflicted(12)fighting(13)struggle(14)conflict,6means n方式；方法；手段by all means一定；尽一切可能；当然行by means of通过的方式by no means决不；一点也不,【经典例句】Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the villages and again no one has the means to pay for them.(P59)因为那些村庄没有医护人员，卫生护理受限，同时也没有人能付起看病费。She is by_no
23、_means an inexperienced teacher.她绝对不是个毫无经验的教师。,【温馨提示】(1)means单复数同形。注意以下表达：Every possible means has been tried.All possible means have been tried.一切可能的方式都尝试过了。(2)by no means“决不，一点也不”，放于句首时用倒装句。By no means will I apologize to her.我决不向她道歉。,【即时应用】用所给词的适当形式填空(15)One means _(have)not been tried.(16)All me
24、ans _(have)been tried but none has worked.【答案】(15)has(16)have,7remind vt.提醒；使想起remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事remind sb.that.使某人想起；提醒某人；警告某人remind sb.to do sth.使某人想起做某事；提醒某人做某事,【经典例句】It reminded me of my time in Sudan.(P63)它使我想起了在苏丹的时间。Its nice of you to remind_me_to_take my overcoat.你真是太好了提醒我带上大衣。Please r
25、emind_him_that we are leaving at six tomorrow morning.请提醒他我们明晨6时出发。,【即时应用】(17)The 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London，and no one can _ which country will be the champion.Aretell BinformCremind Dpredict【答案】D,8face vt.面向；面临 vi.朝；向 n脸,【经典例句】One of the major problems facing the hill tribe children
26、 along the mountainous borders of northern Thailand is poverty.(P59)困扰泰国北部山区部落儿童的主要问题是贫困。She turned to face the newcomer and introduced herself.她转身面朝新来的人介绍自己。My dining room faces_north/towards the north.我的厨房朝北。The country is_now_faced_with the prospect of war.这个国家正面临着战争的可能性。,【即时应用】根据汉语提示完成下面小片段The t
27、eacher often has a talk with students(18)_(面对面地)，encouraging us to(19)_(面对困难)bravely.Inspired by him，now most of us dont feel stressed when(20)_(面对)problems.He often says to us that we should let our heart filled with bright sunshine just like a house(21)_(朝向南)Only in this way can we have a positive
28、 attitude to everything.【答案】(18)face to face(19)face the difficulty(20)faced with/facing(21)facing(to the)south,1refer to提到；谈及【经典例句】I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN，as it is more often referred_to.(P50)今天我很高兴有机会给大家谈谈人们常说的联合国。She referred_to the
29、 subject several times during her speech.在演讲中她好几次提到这个话题。,refer to.as.把当作refer.to.把提交/委托；把归诸于,【即时应用】根据语境翻译refer toHe referred to(22)_ the problem several times in his speech that several cases referring to(23)_ the crime of teenagers must be further looked at and must be paid enough attention to.To s
30、tudy the problem and get enough information，he refers to(24)_ a number of books.So he often buries himself in books recently.【答案】(22)提到(23)关于(24)参考，查阅,2set out开始；着手做；出发；制定【经典例句】It has a charter which sets_out its main purposes.(P53)它(联合国)有其宪章制定主要目标任务。The students set_out_to_plant trees immediately t
31、hey arrived at the park.学生们一到公园就开始植树了。They set_out_for Paris to hold their wedding.他们出发去巴黎举行婚礼。,set out to doset about doing着手做set fire to.放火烧set aside放在一边；存储；留出set back受挫折；倒退set down放下；记下set free释放set off出发；动身；引爆set up竖起；建起,【即时应用】用set短语填空(25)The story is _ the early days of World War I.(26)The host
32、ess has _ preparing supper.(27)The captain _ to examine the merchant ship.(28)We _ the park by bicycle.As soon as we arrived there we set to work.(29)Each month my cousin tries to _ part of his salary for his marriage.(30)Edsion had _ a chemical lab of his own by the time he was ten.【答案】(25)set in(2
33、6)set about(27)set out(28)set off/out for(29)set aside/by(30)set up,3break down出故障；(计划、谈判等)挫败；失败break away from从脱离；与断绝关系break in强行闯入；侵入；插话break into闯入；侵入；突然开始(笑、欢呼等)break off折断；中断；停止说话break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生break up击碎；折散；解散；破坏(关系)break through突破,【经典例句】Unfortunately，if the pump breaks_down，the repairin
34、g of the pump takes several days.(P59)不巧的是，如果抽水机坏了，修理需要几天的时间。We are sorry to arrive late，but the car broke_down.我们迟到了，很抱歉，但车出故障了。The peace talks have_broken_down.和平谈判失败了。His health broke_down.他身体垮了。,【即时应用】(31)The lift _ and we were trapped inside it.Abroke down Bbroke upCbroke out Dbroke in【答案】A,1If
35、_only I were a Goodwill Ambassador!要是我是一个亲善大使多好！【句式分析】if only若是那该多好啊；真希望；只要就好If only the rain would stop!要是雨停下来就好了。If only I had another chance.要是我再有一次机会就好了。If only he had been here.要是他当时在这儿就好了。,(1)表示目前较难实现的愿望时使用if only sb.did/were.。(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时使用if only sb.had done sth.。,if only但愿，要是就好了，常引导虚拟语气
36、的条件句或感叹句。only if只要，only if本身不是一个固定词组。only是副词，用来修饰整个if从句。若用于句首，后接从句，主句要部分倒装。,【即时应用】完成句子(32)_ I get a job _ have enough money to go to university._ I could find a job here.我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上大学，但愿我能在这儿找到一份工作。【答案】Only if；will I；If only,2There is mud and water everywhere，making_it_difficult to travel from p
37、lace to place.到处一片泥泞，使得从一个地方到另一个地方的行程变得非常困难。【句式分析】making it difficult.是现在分词作结果状语。,only不定式与现在分词作结果状语(1)不定式作结果状语常用only to do的形式，表示出人意料的结果。I tore open the box，only to discover that some of the parts were missing.我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。(2)现在分词作结果状语常表示自然而然的结果。His father died，leaving him a lot of money.他父亲死了，留给
38、他许多钱。,【对接高考】(33)(2010天冿高考)It rained heavily in the south，_ serious flooding in several provinces.Acaused Bhaving causedCcausing Dto cause【答案】C,【即时应用】完成句子(34)There was bomb explosion in a car in Russia，_(致死)17 people and _(炸伤)137 on September 10,2010.【答案】killing；injuring,.单词拼写1He came here with the p
39、_ of persuading me to go with him.2She does a lot of v_ work for the Red Cross.3Health officials have tried to raise public a_ about AIDS.4The kidnapped boy was imprisoned in a house r_ from any town or village.5Please r_ me of the time for the departure of plane.,6He gets _(沮丧的)when people dont und
40、erstand what hes trying to say.7Computers should be made readily _(可得到的)to teachers and pupils in the poor areas.8Dealing with people is the most important _(方面)of my work.9Ive heard from reliable_(来源)that the company is to be closed.10The two countries have settled their differences over their comm
41、on _(边界),【答案】1.purpose2.voluntary3.awareness4.remote5.remind6.frustrated7.accessible8.aspect9.sources10.border,.选词填空think back to；on behalf of；die of；describe.as.；rush.to；focus on；occur to；be supposed to；apart from；devote.to1She has been _ teaching since her graduation from college.2_ some old table
42、s，the house was empty.3In the story，the little boy _ a hero.4He wrote an article _ lowcarbon lifestyle.5An excellent idea _ me when I woke up this morning.6Every student _ be in his classroom before 630 am.,7Each time he _ the day he parted with his girlfriend，he would cry.8The area was so poor that
43、 even the dead rats in the street looked as though they _ hunger.9I am writing _ my mother to express her thanks for your help.10The injured was quickly _ the hospital after the accident.,【答案】1.devoted to2.Apart from3.was described as4.focused on5.occurred to6.is supposed to7thought back to8.had die
44、d of9.on behalf of10rushed to,.句型转换1They travelled with a number of soldiers protecting them.They travelled _ many soldiers.2Who will represent us at the meeting?Who will attend the meeting _ us?3I can not recall what was said then.I can not _ what was said then.4Please make the old man aware of tak
45、ing the medicine on time.Please _ taking the medicine on time.,5But for the rain we should have had a pleasant journey._，we should have had a pleasant journey.【答案】1.under the umbrella of2.on behalf of3.think back to4.remind the old man of5.If there had not been the rain,.完成句子1We _ the number of peop
46、le who needed _ in important decisions.我们减少了应该参与决定重大问题的人员。2Medicine shall not be kept where it _children.药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。3_ evidence _ their acquittal.因证据不足而宣判他们无罪。,4He spoke _ all the members of the faculty and staff.他代表全体教职员工讲了话。5These are safety devices to _ workers _ accidents.这些安全设施是为了保护工人不出事故。【答案】1.cut down；to be involved2.is accessible to3Lack of；resulted in4.on behalf of5.ensure；against,
