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1、四级完型填空与翻译解题方法、技巧,主讲人：张玉婷,第一部分,Cloze for CET-4 完形填空专项,考什么？（20道题，15分钟）,语法+词汇,上下文逻辑与照应,怎么做,3:通读全文，弄清大意,5：填写简单空,7：推敲难度大的空并检查,阅读,指代关系语义（逻辑，呼应）连接词 牢记中心思想，瞻前顾后！,第一、指代关系例1 The foreign research scholar usually isolates 76 in the laboratory as a means of protection;76.A)himself B)oneself C)him D)one例 2 We can
2、 change an utterance by replacing one word in it with _73_.73.A.ours B.theirs C.another D.others,第二、语义,例1 Writing in a diary,watching television,talking with friends,speaking on the telephone,and reading a menu-what do they have in common?Thus,_ may be defined as the means by which people exchange f
3、eelings and ideas with each other.A.information B.learning C.communication D.acquisition,例 2 When research is assigned,the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with 79 guidance.It is the students responsibility to find books,magazines,and articles in the library.Profe
4、ssors do not have the time to explain how a university library works;79.A)maximum B)minimum C)possible D)practical,1)The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection;_ what he really needs is to be fitted into a highly organized university system.A.oth
5、erwise B.moreover C.however D.also2)This act(法案)was formed to protect endangered species._,land developers and factory owners disagree.A.However B.Furthermore C.Therefore D.Though,第三、连接词,并列：and,on the one hand,on the other,(对比)转折：however,nevertheless,still,though,yet,in spite of,at any rate,in any c
6、ase,etc.对比：on the contrary,in contrast,by contrast,in comparison,by comparison,conversely,etc.补充：also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,in addition,whats more,notbut,not only but also,etc.让步：although,though,no matter,even if,原因：because,since,as,for,now that,considering that,seeing that
7、,in that,in as much as,on account of the fact that,for fear that,on the ground that,etc.结果：so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result,etc.列举：first,second,third,firstly,secondly,next,in the first place,for one thing,to begin with,to conclude,etc.,语法,虚拟语气倒装从句与强调句,词汇介词搭配固定用法近义词辨析,第一、虚
8、拟语气,一、Be-型虚拟式表命令、建议、决定的that 分句中（动词、形容词、名词）:（should）+动词原形 e.g.He ordered that all the books be sent at once.Its essential that he come back without delay.Your advice that the school remain closed.二、were-型虚拟式表愿望，假设,臆想的从句（if,wish，imagine，would rather）动词一律用were e.g.If I were you,I should wait till next
9、week.I wish it were spring all the year round.He looks as if he were there.Suppose the earth were flat.,第三、常见结构(与事实相反)：a)It is time(that):动词过去时 e.g.It is time we went to bed.b)I would rather that:时态前移 e.g.He didnt attend the meeting.I would rather he had been present.She will get home at dinner time
10、,but I would rather she got home a little earlier.Im sure he is keeping something back.Id rather he told me the truth.c)If only(要是就好了):时态前移,e.g.If only I knew her address.If only she had listened my advice.d)He behaves as ifas though(好像)e.g.He ordered as if he were my boss.She looked as if she had h
11、ad some bad news.注:不表假设不用虚拟e.g.It seems as if we will have to go home on foot.e)I wish(that):时态前移e.g.I wish I didnt have to go to work today.,第四、情态动词虚拟(would,might,could，might，should+动词原形或完成时)e.g.But for your help,I couldnt have achieved anything.If I were you,I would not miss this opportunity.That
12、she should forget me so quickly was rather a shock.(竟然),例 1 A geographer might be described as one who observes,records,and explains the differences between places.If places _ alike,there would be little need for geographers.A)being B)are C)be D)were例 2but _ you were to move the skin you would not t
13、ell anything about the race to which the individual belonged.A.since B.if C.as D.while,第二、倒装,1、否定倒装。指否定副词或否定的副词性结构（hardly,seldom,scarcely,never,little,nowhere,not once，under no circumstances,in no way，no sooner than）用于句首时所导致的倒装。e.g.Never have I found him in such a good mood.,2、虚拟倒装。指在IF引导的虚拟条件句中，将IF
14、省略，把should,had,were提至主语前，形成倒装。e.g.Were I you,Ill never promise to do that.3、强调倒装。为突出强调某一成分而将它提至句首时，实行倒装：句子结构要求倒装：如：1).so 倒装句e.g.So much does he worry about his financial position that he cant sleep at night.,2).以某些表示肯定的副词开头作状语：only,often，then,so,e.g.Only through sheer luck did he manage to get some
15、tickets.not only but also(前倒后不倒）e.g.not only did he complain about the food,he also refused to pay for it.3).As作“虽然但是”解时用半倒装。e.g.Tired as I was,I had to finish my homework.,4、省略倒装。涉及词语包括so,neither,nor e.g.He likes music,so do I.(so he does)He is happy,so am I.(so he is)He didnt like drinking,nor did
16、 she.,例：Vitamins do not provide energy,_42_ do they construct or build any part of the body.A.either B.so C.nor D.never So small_23_that I could hardly see it.A.was the mark B.the mark was C.is the mark D.the mark is,第三、从句和强调句型,例 1 The word geography comes from two Greek words,i.e.the Greek word for
17、“earth”and graphing,75 means“to write”.A)what B)that C)which D)it例 2 but a bird has a single alarm cry,_75_ means“danger!”A.this B.that C.which D.it,例1 Take it _69_ granted that he likes everything and he probably will A.with B.as C.over D.for例2 But these various means of communication differ in imp
18、ortant ways _68_ human language.A.about B.with C.from D.in,第一、介词搭配,第二、固定用法,例1 The man had to circle the airport several times in order to become 85 with the controls of the plane.A)intimate B)familiar C)understood D)close例2 Did you ever have someones name on the tip of your tongue and yet you were u
19、nable to recall it?When this happens again,do not try to recall it.Do something 73 for a couple of minutes and the name may come into your head.simple B)apart C)else D)similar,第三、近义词辨异例1 Following 88,the man guided the plane toward the airfield.A)impression B)information C)inspections D)instructions例2 Never ask a child whether he likes or dislikes a food and never discuss likes and dislikes in front of him or allow 66 else to do so.A everybody B anybody C somebody D nobody,thank you,
