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1、Grammar Focus,(二)形容词的比较级和最高级 comparatives and superlatives with adj.and adv.,short,-,shorter,small,-,smaller,nice,nicer,safe,safer,-,-,-,-,-,-,big,thin,heavy,heavier,happy,happier,找规律:,big,bigger,thin,thinner,delicious more delicious interesting more interesting important more important carefully-mo
2、re carefully quickly-more quickly slowly-more slowlyeasily-more easily,找规律:,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。一、形容词比较级的构成 1.构成的不规则变化:2.构成的规则变化:,形容词和副词的比较级,1.构成的不规则变化:e.g.good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest,2.构成的规则变化:1)单音节词和少
3、数双音节词一般在词尾 后加-er 构成比较级 或-est构成最高级.如:原级 比较级 最高级 cold colder coldest bright brighterbrightest young younger youngest,2)以字母 e 结尾的词只加 r 或-st 构成 比较级和最高级。原级 比较级 最高级 nice nicer nicest fine finer finest large larger largest,3)重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er或-est。如:big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest
4、4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先改y为i,再加-er或-est。如:easy easier easiest happy happier happiest,5)多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more 或most。如:delicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interesting importantmore important most important,carefully-more carefully-most carefullyquickly-more quickly-most
5、 quicklyslowly-more slowly-most slowlyeasily-more easily-most easily,形容词最高级的构成,tall,taller,tallest,B:heavy easy tidy dry busy happy healthy hungry early,y-i-est,C:large late nice,-st,biggest,D:big,hot,hottest,thin“双写”,thinnest,wet,wettest,fat,fattest,Adjective,delicious dangerous interesting popular
6、 beautiful careful friendly,the most-adj.,Adjective,better best,far,little,worse worst,more most,farther farthest,less least,good,well,bad,badly,many,much,1.good fortable 3.big 4.happy 5.cheap 6.many 7.difficult 8.little,better best more comfortable most comfortable bigger biggest happier happiest c
7、heaper cheapest more most more difficult most difficult less least,用法:英语中三者或三者以上相比较,表示“最”这样的最高程度概念时,要用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般带有表示比较的介词短语,比如:in our class,of the three 等。例如:Wang Lin is the tallest in our class.This theater is the cheapest of the three.注意使用最高级时应注意以下几点:,形容词的最高级,(1)表示“最之一”的句式,要用 one of the
8、+形容词最高级+复数名词。例如:Jingjiang Hotel is one of the biggest hotels in our city.Lisa is not one of my best friends.(2)当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时,不加定冠词 the。例如:Tom is Lucys best friend.Tuesday is her busiest day.,(3)最高级前可加序数词。例如:The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(4)形容最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词,代词时,被修饰的词往往省
9、略。例如:He is the laziest(student)in our class.,2.形容词比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词比较级直接加-er,最高级直接加-est。如:clevercleverercleverest cheapcheapercheapest fewfewerfewest smallsmallersmallest youngyoungeryoungest,b.以-e 结尾的形容词,比较级+-r,最高级+-st。如:largelargerlargest nicenicernicest cutecutercutestc.以辅音字母+y结尾的形
10、容词,变y为i+er或+est。busybusierbusiest heavyheavierheaviest easyeasiereasiest happyhappierhappiest dirtydirtierdirtiest,d.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母结 尾的词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加+er或+est。如:bigbiggerbiggest thinthinnerthinnest fatfatterfattest hothotterhotteste.多音节和部分双音节形容词,需在原级前+more 构成比较级,+most 构成最高级。如:importantmore impo
11、rtantmost important beautifulmore beautiful most beautiful difficultmore difficultmost difficult,3.不规则变化:,最高级规则变化口诀:,最高级,很容易,一般词尾加est。(cheap-the cheapest)词尾若有哑音e,直接就加st。(close-the closest)重读闭音节,单辅音字母要双写。(big-the biggest)辅音字母加y,记得把y变为i。(friendly-the friendliest)多音节,考考你,the most到底加哪里?(popular-the most
12、 popular),1.We are going to the Green Restaurant for lunch.(就划线部分提问)_ you going for lunch?2.Sam is the shortest in his class.(改为同义句)Sam is _ than _ _ student in his class.Sam is _ than _ _ students in his class.Sam is _ than_ _ in his class.3.How do you like Screen City?(改为同义句)_ do you _ Screen City?,Where are,shorter,any other,What,think of,shorter,the other,anyone else,shorter,练习:改写句子,