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1、实词，有实在意义，在句子中能独立承担句子成分，而且还有一个重要的特点，那就是，实词有词形的变化，尤其是动词，可谓变化多端：1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy，morning，bag，ball，class，orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who，she，you，it.3、形容词(adj.)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good，right，white，orange.4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one，two，three，first，second，third，fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am，i
2、s，are，have，see.6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now，very，here，often，quietly，slowly.,英语的词分两大类：1.实词 2 虚词,虚词：没有多少实在意义，在句子中不能独立承担句子成分，而且还有一个重要的特点，那就是，虚词没有词形的变化：7、冠词(art.)：用在名词前，帮助说明名词。如：a，an，the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in，on，from，above，behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and，but，before.10、感
3、叹词(interj.)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh，well，hi，hel,英语句子顺序:1主语+2动词+3宾语+4程度副词+5地点+6时间（主到奔赴地间）主语：名词 代词 数字 动名词（组）不定式动词：及物动词Vt 不及物动词Vi程度副词:中文译成“地”的词，修饰动词形容词：中文译成“的”的词，修饰名词，代词,这里的基本句型包括简单句的五个基本句型和there be句型。所谓简单句就是由一个主语(包括并列主语)和一个谓语(包括并列谓语)组成的句子,即一个主谓关系的句子。,1.David 7岁了。2.他有一个梦想。3.他想在天上飞。4.他自己做了一架纸飞机。5.他完成了作业。6.他玩纸飞
4、机。7.天上有一架飞机在飞。8.他的父亲鼓励他努力学习成为飞行员。9.他非常努力地学习。10.十八年后他实现了他的梦想。,用基本句型翻译下列各组句子,然后合并成一篇通顺自然的短文。心中有梦 起风了单句翻译1.David 7岁了。(主系表)1.David was seven years old.,2.他有一个梦想。(主谓宾)2.He had a dream.3.他想在天上飞。(主谓宾)3.He wanted to fly in the sky.4.他自己做了一架纸飞机。(主谓双宾)4.He made himself a paper plane.,5.他完成了作业。(主谓宾)5.He finish
5、ed homework.6.他玩纸飞机。(主谓)6.He always played with the plane.7.天上有一架飞机在飞。(there be句型)7.There was a plane flying in the sky.,8.他的父亲鼓励他努力学习成为飞行员。(主谓宾宾补)8.His father encouraged him to study hard and be a pilot.9.他非常努力地学习。(主谓)9.He worked very hard at his lessons.10.十八年后他实现了他的梦想。(主谓宾)10.He made his dream co
6、me true 18 years later.,合并成文：When David was seven years old,he dreamed of flying in the sky.Having finished his homework,he made himself a paper plane to play with.One day,there was a plane flying in the sky.His father encouraged him to be a pilot in the future.It was by working hard that he made hi
7、s dream come true eighteen years later.,version2：When David was seven years old,he had a dream that he would fly in the sky one day.Having finished his homework,he made himself a paper plane.One day,while playing with the paper plane,he saw a real one flying in the sky.Having learnt how excited he w
8、as,his father encouraged him to be a pilot in the future.It was by working hard that he made his dream come true eighteen years later.,二、语篇填空 用所给动词的正确形式填空。1._(fall)in love with a beautiful girl,a lion went to her parents and asked them 2._(marry)her to him.The old parents did not know what to say.No
9、t 3._(hope)to give their daughter to the lion,they did not want 4._(anger)the king of beasts.At last the father said,“We are as glad as other parents 5._(marry)our daughter,to you,but we fear that you might possibly hurt her.So 6._(remove)your claws and teeth,you can marry her.”7._(love)the girl ver
10、y much,the lion trimmed(修剪)his claws and took out his big teeth.8._(come)to the parents again,he was simply laughed in his face.9._(beat)out of the house,the lion felt 10._(depress)and died soon.,二、语篇填空 用所给动词的正确形式填空。1._(fall)in love with a beautiful girl,a lion went to her parents and asked them 2._
11、(marry)her to him.The old parents did not know what to say.Not 3._(hope)to give their daughter to the lion,they did not want 4._(anger)the king of beasts.At last the father said,“We are as glad as other parents 5._(marry)our daughter,Falling,to marry,hoping,to anger,to marry,to you,but we fear that
12、you might possibly hurt her.So 6._(remove)your claws and teeth,you can marry her.”7._(love)the girl very much,the lion trimmed(修剪)his claws and took out his big teeth.8._(come)to the parents again,he was simply laughed in his face.9._(beat)out of the house,the lion felt 10._(depress)and died soon.,r
13、emoving,Loving,Coming,Beaten,depressed,这是一则有深刻意义的寓言故事。寓意:有些人轻易相信别人的话，抛弃自己的长处，结果轻而易举地被原来害怕自己的人击败了。1.Falling 因a lion与fall是主动关系，用-ing形式作状语，表示原因。2.to marry 由ask sb.to do sth.可知，用不定式作宾补。3.hoping 因they与hope是主动关系，用-ing形式作状语，表示让步，相当于Although they didnt hope to。,4.to anger 因want后只能用不定式作宾语，意为“不想激怒百兽之王”。5.to m
14、arry 在作表语的形容词glad后作状语，表示原因，只能用不定式。6.removing 因you与remove是主动关系，用-ing形式，作状语，表示条件，相当于if you remove。7.Loving 因the lion与love是主动关系，用-ing形式，作状语，表示原因。,8.Coming 因he与come是主动关系，用-ing形式作伴随状语。9.Beaten 因the lion与beat是被动关系，用-ed形式作状语，表示原因。10.depressed 表示狮子“感到沮丧的”，用过去分词形式作表语。,1.爬山是一种很好的运动.2.爬山有益于健康。3.今天我和同学去爬西山.4.我们
15、是乘出租车去的。5.我们大约在早上八点到达那里。6.有许多游客在爬山。7.我们很兴奋。8.我们一刻没耽搁就开始爬山。9.班长小明给我提供很多帮助.10.我是唯一的女孩。11.我们中午到达山顶。12.我们很累但很高兴。13.男孩子们让我跳舞。14.我的表演让他们忘记了疲劳。,单句翻译1.爬山是一种很好的运动。(主系表)1.Climbing is a good sport.2.爬山有益于健康。(主系表)2.Climbing is beneficial to our health.3.今天我和同学去爬西山。(主谓)3.Some classmates and I went to climb the W
16、est Hill today.,爬山日记,4.我们是乘出租车去的。(主谓)4.We went there by taxi.5.我们大约在早上八点到达那里。(主谓)5.We got there at about 8 oclock in the morning.6.有许多游客在爬山。(There be)6.There were lots of tourists climbing.,7.我们很兴奋。(主系表)7.We were excited.8.我们一刻没耽搁就开始爬山。(主谓宾)8.We began to climb without any delay.9.班长小明给我提供很多帮助。(主谓宾宾)
17、9.Our monitor,Xiao Ming,offered me a lot of help.,10.我是唯一的女孩。(主系表)10.I was the only girl.11.我们中午到达山顶。(主谓宾)11.We got to the top of the maintain at noon.12.我们很累但很高兴。(主系表)12.We felt tired but happy.,13.男孩子们让我跳舞。(主谓宾宾补)13.The boys asked me to dance.14.我的表演让他们忘记了疲劳。(主谓宾宾补)14.My performance made them forg
18、et their tiredness.,合并成文：Climbing is a good sport,which is beneficial to our health.Today some classmates and I went to climb the West Hill.When we got there by taxi at about 8 oclock in the morning,there had been many tourists climbing.We were so excited that we began to climb without any delay,during which our monitor,Xiao Ming,offered me,the only girl,a lot of help.After we got to the top at noon,tired but happy,the boys asked me to dance and my performance made them forget their tiredness.,
