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1、,状语从句,1.状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。2.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法比较。3.whatever,whenver,wherever 等引导词与no matter wh-等引导词的不同用法。,考纲解读,首先应具备全面的状语从句的知识，熟悉每个连词的语意和语用特征，尤其像as,since这样的的用法灵活的词；像before;until;unless等用法复杂的词；像as,when,while;as,since,because;if,even if,in case,as long as;这些不易区分的表达，一定要重视对它们的学习。解答这类题目时一
2、定要头脑清醒，思维清晰。实际上，这类题是让你选出两个具备一定逻辑关系分句之间的一个“逻辑链”。所以说，能否准确把握分句间的关系是做出正确选择的关键。经验表明，收集一些结构复杂的长难句进行逻辑思维能力的专项训练是有益的、必要的。,突破方法,句子,句子的类型,简单句,并列句,复合句,主语+谓语主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+宾语补足语主语+谓语+宾语+宾语主语+系动词+表语,表递进表选择表转折表因果表其他(when表“那时，这时”),定语从句（形容词性从句）名词性从句状语从句（副词性从句）,并列句的基本概念 并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常有并列词连在一起。并
3、列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。常见的并列句表递进关系：常见的并列连词有：and,not only but also；neithernor；notbut2.表选择关系：常见的并列连词有：or;either or；otherwise；3.表转折关系：常见的并列连词有：but;yet;whereas;while;4.表因果关系：常见的并列连词有：so；for,状语从句,时间状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,目的状语从句,结果状语从句,地点状语从句,比较状语从句,方式状语从句,时间状语从句,when,while,as,since,before,after,until,till,on
4、ce,as soon as,every time,hardly.when,no sooner.than,the moment,immediately,翻译:1.Since he lived in Nanjing,I have not heard from him.2.Since she was in Yangzhou,she has kept in touch with her former friends.比较:1.I have never seem him since he was ill.2.I have never seem him since he fell ill.3.It is
5、years since he smoked.4.It is years since he began to smoke.,It has been three years since I lived there.2.It is some time since we met.3.It was some time since we had met.,has been did It is+时间段 since did was had donesince,Weve been neighbors since I came here in 2000.Weve been neighbors since 2000
6、.since：既可做介词、连词、副词I came here in 2000 and I have lived here since.I came here in 2000,_I have lived here,before用于表示在某事发生之前已经过去多长时间.Several years went by before I realized that David had lied to me.2.用于表示发生的事使某人无法做打算的事.Before I could think of a reply she walked away.3.（用于警告）免得，要不然 Youd better go away
7、 before I lost my temper.,1.It was three days _ he had had meals.2.It is a long time _ I enjoyed myself.3.It will be four days_ I come back.4.It was noon _ we arrived there.4.It was at noon _ we arrived there.,before/since/when/that,since,since,before,when,that,It will be some time before we realize
8、 its significance.2.It was a long time before I slept again.,It will be+时间段 before do/does was did,原因状语从句,because,as,for,since,now that,seeing(that),considering(that),原因状语从句(重点与难点),比较:because;as;for;since;now that1.-Why cant I play for a while?-For you havent finished your homework.2.I will go too,s
9、ince you are going.3.It is as the traffic is heavy that we are delayed.,Because,because,条件状语从句,if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case,suppose,supposing,provided(that),providing(that),地点状语从句,where;wherever;everywhere;anywhere;,地点状语从句:(重点与难点)地点状语从句与定语从句的联系:,1.Please make a mark where you ha
10、ve a problem.,2.Please make a mark in the place where you have a problem.,Please keep sitting where you are.2.I looked for her wherever she may go.,in the place where you are.,in any place where she may go.,让步状语从句,1.though,although,as 2.ever if,even though.3.whetheror-4.no matter+疑问词 或疑问词+后缀ever,Tru
11、e or false:1.Whatever happened,he would not mind.2.He would not care about no matter what happened.3.Quiet although she is,she talks a lot when discussing her favorite singer.4.Though he is a little boy,he knows what is the right thing to do.5.A little boy as he is,he knows what is the right thing t
12、o do.,让步状语从句(重点与难点),whatever,as/though,whetheror引导的让步状语从句：这种从句也称“选择条件-让步状语从句”，可位于主句之前或之后，如：Whether he drives or(whether he)flies,he will be here on time.Whether you like it or not,youll have to do it.Whether or not it rains,Im giving a party tomorrow.We hold that all countries,(whether they are)big
13、or small,(whether they are)rich or poor,should be equal.Whether it rains or snows,I will go tonight.She had to go,whether or not she wanted it.,in spite of;despite;regardless ofprep.+n.He went out in spite of the fact that he had a bad cold He went out in spite of the cold.,目的状语从句,so that,in order t
14、hat,lest,for fear that,in case,以便/为了,1.in order that/so that引导的从句中需用 情态动词.2.so that引导的从句只能用于主句之后.3.lest/for fear that引导的状语从句中谓语 动词用虚拟式(should+动词原形).,目的状语从句(重点与难点),结果状语从句,so that;so/such that,如此.以至于.,1.such+名词短语2.so+adj./adv.3.such+a(n)+adj.+n.=so+adj.+a+n.4.so+many/much/few/little多;少5.so;such至于句首时,主
15、句要用 倒装语序;,小结:,结果状语从句与定语的区别:,It is such a difficult exercise _ we can hardly work it out.,2.It is such a difficult exercise _ we can hardly work out.A.which B.that C as D.seeing that,that,as,注意引导词在从句中是否做成分!,比较状语从句,as as,not as(so)as,more/-er than,lessthanThe+比较级,the+比较级,方式状语从句,as;as if/though,方式状语从句*
16、as:按照.,如.,随.Do in Rome as the Romans do.I have changed it as you are suggested.Leave things as they are.维持原状好了.*as if/though:好像是.,似乎是.He talks as if he knew all about it.,方式状语从句(重点与难点)as if/as though引导的从句可用真实语气也可用虚拟语气,做题时应根据情况判断其正确形式.,Look at the heavy clouds!It seems as if it _ going to rain.The ol
17、d man treats the boy as though he _ his own son.(be),were,is,一.状语从句的时态问题1、The football match will be put off if it _(rain)2.He will go with you as soon as he _(finish)his homework.3.He _(get)to the station than the train left.(他一到达车站火车就开走了)在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时.,rains,finishes,had no sooner got
18、,二.状语从句的倒装和省略_,(虽然他聪明),he doesnt study well.So clever _(he,be)that we all like him.Though_(praise),she was still very modest.4._(如果有必要),you may keep the book for another week.,is he,Clever as he is,praised,If necessary,注意以下几种结构的语序和省略形式：However difficult the task(may be),it will be fulfilled on time.
19、However great the difficulties(may be),we will never retreat.Whatever the difficulties(may be),they must and can be overcome._(whatever或however)great progress you make in the future,youd better not feel proud.,1.As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.2.John sings as he
20、works.3.As you have already had one,I dont need to send you another.4.Poor as he is,he is ready to help others.,5.Do as I do.,6.He is as tall as I am.,a):可以引导一个持续动作“当”，“随着”b):可表示同时进行的两个持续性动作意义为：“当”；“一边.一边.”c):可引导原因状语从句.意义为:“因为”d):可引导让步状语从句(引导倒装结构)意义为：“虽然”e):可引导方式状语从句“依照”f):可引导比较状语从句“像”,as,基础写作:Jane
21、的朋友Alice来信说,她因为没有在考试中取得好成绩而感到灰心丧气.假如你是Jane,请给 Alice写一回信,内容包括:1.直到我读了你的信后才知道事情的真实情况,因为自从我们分开以后就没再见面了;2.既然大家很忙,那我就只能给你写封短信了;3.你尽管很努力学习,但是仍没有取得好成绩的事实并不表明你没有努力学习;4.无论发生什么事情,我们都不应该丧失希望;5.事实上,你越努力学习,你学到的知识就越多;6.随着时间的流逝,我们应对学会接受所发生的一切并且调整好自己的心态。,December 26,2010Dear Alice,How nice to hear from you!.Dont fo
22、rget come and see me next time you come to Henan.Best wishes.Yours,Jane,December 26,2010Dear Alice,How nice to hear from you!Not until I read your letter did I know the true state affairs,for we havent seen each other since we parted.Now that we are all busy,I just have to drop a few lines to you.Th
23、e fact that you didnt get a good mark in the exam although you worked hard didnt show you didnt study hard.So whatever happens,we shall never lose heart and in fact,the harder you study,the more knowledge you will get.As time goes by,we should learn to accept what has happened and try to adjust good intention condition.Dont forget to come and see me next time you come to Henan.,
