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1、高考英语语法专题复习,15特殊句式,强调句型及其它表达强调的方法；各种倒装句；反意疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。,本专题内容知识性强，主要关涉语言形式，但从以上数据看，在重视对语言的意义和功能考查的同时，高考并未完全放弃对语言形式的考查。并在将来的考试中，将会继续保留这些题目。突破方法：加强语法专项练习，尤其是强调和倒装，一定要反复练习，确保记忆的准确和全面。不可单纯机械地记忆，理解才是真正学好语法的关键。,强调,It is I _ wrong.who is B.that is C.who am D.am,强调句型为Itis/was+who/that如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用Itis,指过去用I
2、twas.被强调部分为人强调词可用who也可用that。被强调部分是主语时要注意主谓一致。被强调部分为人称代词时，原句用什么格,强调句也用什么格。,强调,2.It is _ he often breaks the school rules _ makes his headteacher unsatisfied with him.what;that B.that;that C.that;what D./;that,That he often breaks the school rules makes his headteacher unsatisfied with him.,被强调部分往往为句子
3、的主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等，但有时也可以强调比较复杂的内容。如时间状语从句、地点状语从句、notuntil结构、notonlybutalso和aswellas等结构。,强调,3.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoems recently_Ibegantoappreciatetheir beauty.A.that B.when C.which D./,Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty onlywhenIrereadhispoems recently.,被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语、或原因状语时不可误用when,where或why，强调词只可用t
4、hat。ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterday.Itwasbecausehewasillthathe was late.,强调,4.-Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon?-Yes,thats right.A.when;on B.that;on C.which;in D.that;in,In 1969 the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.,It was 1969 when the
5、American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.,强调句型的一般疑问句结构 IsWasitwhothat?e.g.WasitduringtheSecondWorld Warthathedied?,强调,5.Why!I have nothing to confess._ you want me to say?A.What is it that B.What it is that C.How is it that D.How it is that,强调句型的特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问词+iswasitwhothat?Wherewasitthaty
6、oufoundyourlostpen?Who was it that broke the window?,强调,6.-I think we have met the word before.-Yes.It might be in the reading material _ we _ reading yesterday.A.that;did B.that;were C.when;were D.when;did,强调句型Itiswaswho/that中iswas 前面可用mustmaymight等表推测的情态动词修饰。Itmightbeinhisroomthathemether.Wherecou
7、lditbethathemether?,强调,7.It was _ back home after the experiment.A.Not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didnt go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didnt go,He didnt go back home after the experiment until midnight.,对由until引起的短语或从句强调，要注意否定前移。结构是：It is/was not
8、 untilthat,强调,8.It was two years _ he came back from abroad.A.before B.when C.that D.after,It was two years ago that I began to learn English.It is two years since I began to learn English.,1.I have always been honest and straightforward,and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to.A.who is it B.who it is C
9、.it is who D.it is whom,EXERCISES,B,2.It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A.because B.which C.since D.that,D,3.It was there,the police believe,_ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.A.until B.which C.that D.when,EXERCISES,C,4.I real
10、ly dont know _ I had my money stolen.A.when was it that B.that it was when C.where it was that D.it was where that,C,EXERCISES,5.It is because English is being widely used at present _.A.why we learn it hard B.that we learn it hard C.which we must learn D.when we should learn,强调,1用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原
11、形”来表示强调：(只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中)He does know the place well他的确很熟悉这个地方。He did come here yesterday.Do write to me when you get there你到那儿后务必给我来信,强调,2用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：Thats the very textbook we used last term 这正是我们上学期用过的教材。You are the only person here who can speak ChineseNot a sing
12、le person has been in the shop this morning今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？,强调,3用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？,4用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：How interestin
13、g a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！Oh，what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！,强调,5用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：On the table were some flowers桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）Many a time have I climbed that hill我多次翻过那座山。Only in this way，can we solve this problem只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。,1.I _ see him yesterday.A.really B.do C.did D.does,EXERCISES,C
14、,2._ be careful when crossing the street!A.Must B.Should C.Ought to D.Do,D,3.Not a single word _ last night.A.he said B.said he C.did he say D.had he said,C,4.What _ did you mean?A.really B.on the earth C.in the world D.in earth,C,1、there be 句型,There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.,There a
15、re many desks and chairs in the room.,There is a pen,two books and many pencils on the desk.,There were once some tall trees around the house.,1.全部倒装的情况:,倒装,There be 结构中的be可以有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。,There was a meeting in our school yesterday.,There will be a new film shown on Sunday.,There have be
16、en many great changes in our country since then.,There must have been a mistake somewhere.,There be 中的be，有时可用seem to be,happen to be,remain,enter,live,stand,lie等词组来替代。,There seems to be something wrong with me.,Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.,There entere
17、d a woman with a baby in her arms.,There be 结构与非谓语结构：There being no further business,I declare the meeting closed.I dont want there to be any misunderstanding.He was disappointed at there being so little to do.It is impossible for there to be any more.,2.表示方位的副词或介词短语，如：here,there,now,then,up,down,in
18、,away,off,out,in the room,on the wall等，置于句首。,In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.,South of the river lies a small factory.,Out rushed the children.,Away flew the plane.,There comes the bus.,注意：1.不能用进行时；2.主语为人称代词时不倒装。,he rushed.,he comes.,1.全部倒装的情况:,1.全部倒装的情况:,3.带有直接引语的句子位于引
19、语的后面或中间时。“Dont lose heart!”said the old man/he said.“Help!Help!”shouted the boy/he shouted.,注意,主语是代词时常不倒装。,4.表语置于句首时。Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.Gone are the days when my heart was young.Sitting round her were her children.Buried in the sands was an ancient city
20、.,使用完全倒装的句子只有两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时，也就是谓语由一个单词（且表位移的动词,go,come.run等见多）构成。,EXERCISES,1.At the sight of the policeman,_ from behind the door.A.did the boy rush out B.the boy was rushing out C.out rushed the boy D.rushing out was the boy,2.On the wall _ three large pictures.A.hangs B.hang C.hanged D.are han
21、ging,2.部分倒装的情况:,1.not,never,hardly,seldom,little,scarcely,neither,nor,in no way,at no time,in no case,by no means,under no circumstances等否定词或否定含义的短语位于句首时。,e.g.Never shall I forget the days when we were together.Little did I expect to get such a warm welcome.At no time will China be the first to use
22、nuclear weapons.Not a word did I say at the meeting.Not only did we lose all our money,but we also lost our way.,2.部分倒装的情况:,2.only 修饰的状语放在句首时,主句倒装。e.g.Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.,3.so/as,neither/nor 表示“也”时。e.g.He wont go and neithe
23、r shall I.A better understanding of the environment is necessary,as is the willingness to act.,注意,Tom likes English.-So he does.,4.neithernor连接两个句子时,两个句子都倒装。e.g.Neither will he study nor will he go to work.5.no soonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen 表示“一就时,主句用过去完成时(倒装),从句用过去时。e.g.No sooner had I got home th
24、an it began to rain.,2.部分倒装的情况:,6.虚拟条件句省略if时。Were,should,had 提前。,e.g.Were I you,I would take the position in that company.Had he been given some information,he could have answered the question.,2.部分倒装的情况:,_ I had time,I would have gone over to see her.A.Did B.Were C.Had D.If,7.as位于句首引导让步状语从句时，只须把表语,
25、状语,或动词原形提到as前，(作表语的单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词)。例如：,e.g.Tired as he felt,he kept on working.,Child as he was,he could work out the problem.Bad-tempered as he is,he loves me deeply.Much as he likes English,he is not good at it.Try as we might,we could not bring him around to accept our view.,2.部分倒装的情况:,8.So/Suc
26、h+adj./adv./n.+that 表程度时,需用倒装。(主句倒装）e.g.So easy was the task that they finished it within half an hour.So fast did he walk that neither of us could catch up with him.Such a kind person was he that everyone liked him.,2.部分倒装的情况:,9.表时间，次数或顺序的副词位于句首时，句子倒装。Eg.Often did he come to my home in the past.Man
27、y a time have I seen her walking alone in the street.10.表示祝愿的句子。Eg.Long live Chairman Mao!May you succeed!,2.部分倒装的情况:,He asked _ for the violin.(NMET 1992)A.did I pay how much B.I paid how muchC.how much did I pay D.how much I paid2._ from Beijing to London!(1993)A.How long way it is B.What a long w
28、ay is it C.How long way is it D.What a long way it is,高考选题,3.Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.(1995)A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realizedC.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize4._,Mother will wait for him to have dinner togethe
29、r.(97)A.How late is he B.However he is lateC.However is he late D.However late he is,5.Well have to finish the job,_.(99)A.long it takes how B.it takes however long C.long however it takes D.however long it takes6.Not only _ polluted but _ crowded.A.was the city;were the streetB.the city was;were th
30、e streetC.was the city;the street wereD.the city was;the street were,7.So _ that no fish can live in it.(SH92)A.the lake was shallow B.shallow the lake is C.shallow is the lake D.is the lake shallow8.Little _ about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.(SH92)A.does he care B.did he ca
31、re C.he care D.he cared,9._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.(SH95)A.if it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not10.-David has made great progress recently.-_,and _.(SH97)A.So he has;so you have B.So he has;so have you C.So has he;so have you D.So has he;so you have,goodbye,
