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1、Beyond Fluorescence Line Height Making sense of chlorophyll fluorescence,Ru Morrison(Ru.Morrisonunh.edu)Mike Behrenfeld(behrenfmscience.oregonstate.edu),You cant see a whale from space but you can see,Seeing inside phytoplankton from space,Outline,What is phytoplankton fluorescence?The current fluor
2、escence paradoxFluorescence variabilityGames of chanceChanging the odds 2003,2008,2009What fluorescence can doWhat fluorescence cant doWhat we need to do!,What is phytoplankton fluorescence?,Fluorescence Efficiency or quantum yield,f ratio of photons out to in,The Fluorescence Paradox,Two potential
3、and mutually incompatible usesAbundance-need constant fluorescence efficiencyPhysiology-need variable fluorescence efficiency.,Fluorescence variability games of chance,Fluorescence comes from PSII(mainly)f=chance getting an absorbed photon to PSII and then back out againVariability comes from quench
4、ingPhotochemical quenching(qP)Non-photochemical quenchingAntennae quenching(qE)PSII RC downregulation/damage(qI)Changes in proportion of PSII to total absorption,NPQ Dominates in Satellite Derived measurementsEnergy Dependent Quenching decreases f with increasing irradiancePSII downregulation(photoi
5、nhibition)suppresses f at all irradiances,Changing the odds-2003,from Morrison L&O,2003,PQ,NPQ,Scalar Irradiance,Quantum Yield of Fluorescence,Changing the odds 2008,Behrenfeld et al.,BGD,2009,Nutrient stress,Behrenfeld et al.,BGD,2009,But Schallenberg et al.(2008)suggested macronutrient stress incr
6、eased f with unbalanced growth conditions,Detection of iron stress effects.,Behrenfeld et al.,BGD,2009,Changing the odds-2009,Gulf of Maine case StudyClimatologies(2004-2007),Gulf of Maine case StudyClimatologies(2004-2007),Dec,Jan,Gulf of Maine case StudyClimatologies(2004-2007),Dec,Jan,Seasonal Cl
7、imatology,Basin Scale Patterns,Goodwin et al.,2009,Timing of stratification onset and spring bloom,What can Fluorescence do,Give insights into phytoplankton physiologyIron stressPhotocompensation/acclimation with growth irradiance that incorporates hydrodynamics,What Fluorescence cant do,Abundance a
8、part from geographically and spatially limited studies.,What do we need to do?,Minimize calibration uncertainties in the FLH productDevelop operational f productInvestigate the heck out of it in-light of these recent insights.With current missionsHow do you separate nutrient and photoacclimation effects?For upcoming missions(GEOCAPE interesting),
