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1、笑傲江湖工作室,直接引语-间接引语-专练冀教版（九年级上册）,概念：直接引语是引用别人的原话。间接引语是转述别人的话，转述过程就 是把直接引语变成了宾语从句。,直接引语：他说:她是个好工人.,He said:“I am a good worker.”,间接引语:他说她是个好工人。,He said that she is a good worker,直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）的注意事项有三点：,直接引语的句式：决定连接代词或连接副词 间接引语的语序：先主后谓的陈述语序主句和从句的时态呼应（1）主句一般现在时，从句一般和直接引语一致（2）主句一般过去时，从句是过去范围内的时态（3）间接引语只要
2、表示客观事实或真理，都用一般现 在时,（一）句式转变：直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导 的宾语从句。Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句.Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim。“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”HeaskedmeifIwenttoschool
3、bybusorbybike。直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。Sheaskedme,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in.,直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell(ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。如：1.“Dontmakeanynoise,”the teachersaidtothestudents.She
4、told(ordered)thestudentsnottomakeanynoise.2.“Open the door,please,”saidshe.Sheaskedhimtoopen the door.直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）”如：Hesaid,“Letsgotothemovies.”Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethemovies.,（二）间接引语的语序:,间接引语必须是先主后谓的陈述语序。Sheaskedme,“Whendo
5、theyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.,（三）主从句的时态呼应：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1)一般现在时一般过去时态；She said:“I am a student.”She said(that)she was a student.2)一般将来时过去将来时 Shesaid,“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。Tom said,“I am going to play basketball tomorrow.”Tom said h
6、e was going to play basketball tomorrow.3)现在进行时过去进行时；She said,“I am reading a book.”She said she was reading a book.,直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：could,should,would,might）The doctor said,“You should stay in bed for 2 days.”The d
7、octor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”和已经是过去时的形式时，例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.,Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.,PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.,人称的改变：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。,“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid.“Mybrotherwantstog
8、o shoppingwithme.”Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.,“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：,HesaidtoKate.“Howisyoursisternow?”HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。,“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：,Mr.Smithsaid,“Jacki
9、sagoodboy.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.,注意：以下几种情况时态 不变直接引语是客观真理。Theteacher said：“Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaround thesunearth.,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.,直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”,Ja
10、cksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.,Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.,三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore today变为 that day He said,”I want to go swimming now.”He said he wanted to go swimming then.地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，here 变 there The teacher sa
11、id,“You should come here at 7:00.”The teacher said I should go there at 7:00.指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”例：this改为that Hesaid,Thisbooksismine.“Hesaidthatbook washis.,agobefore;this morningthat morningYesterdaythe day before;tomorrowthe next daynext weekthe following week/the next weekYesterday morningthe morn
12、ing before,谓语动词的变化:,直接引语:Must;Come;bring,间接引语:had to;go;take,She said,I will come here this evening.”,She said that she would go there that evening,Exercise,1.“I never eat meat.”he said.He said that _ never _ meat.2.“Ive found my wallet.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3.“I took it home w
13、ith me.”she said.She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5.“I met her yesterday.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.6.“You must come here before five.”h
14、e said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7.“I bought the house 10 years ago.”he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.,he,ate,told,had,Found,his,she,had,taken,rise,goes,told,had,before,had,before,had,there,8.“Did you see her last week?”he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9.He sa
15、id,“You can sit here,Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10.He asked,“How did you find it,mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11.“Where have you been these days?”he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days.12.“Do you know where she lives?”he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13.“Stop making so much
16、noise,children.”he said.He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14.“Dont tell him the news.”she said.She told me _ _ him the news.15.“Are you intested in this?”he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.,if,asked,told,before,she,could,where,how,had,I,had,those,lived,I,if,stop,to,told,to,not,asked,tell,if,that,If you work hard,you will succeed!,
