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1、,Unit 7,college life,Part One Preparation,NEXT,facultydrop out gradepresentationcoursedeadline semesterpaperdegreefinaldormitory bull sessions(聊天)poster,freshman sophomorejuniorseniorundergraduatepostgraduateInternship（实习）scholarshipseminar syllabustuition,Words and Phrases Related to College Life,M
2、athematics,Physics,Mechanical Engineering,Chemical Engineering,Electrical Engineering,Civil Engineering（土木工程),Information Science,Computer Science,Mechanics Architecture,Biochemistry,Management,Foreign Trade,Energy,Medicine,Geology,Philosophy,Law,Economics,International Finance,Earth Science,Agronom
3、y（农学），Microelectronics,Materials,Environmental Science,Life Science,Diplomatic Relations,Aerospace and Aeronautics,Whats YourMajors,Education consists mainly of what we have unlearned.-Mark TwainGenius without education is like silver in the mine.-BenjaminEducation that which discloses the wise and
4、disguises from the foolish their lack of understanding.-Ambrose BierceEducation is the chief defence of a nation.,Funny College QuotesA man who has never gone to school may steal from a freight car;but if he has a university education,he may steal the whole railroad.College professor-someone who tal
5、ks in other peoples sleep.Economists report that a college education adds many thousands of dollars to a mans lifetime income-which he then spends sending his son to college.If you feel that you have both feet planted on solid ground,then the university has failed you.,To be continued,The freshmen b
6、ring a little knowledge in and the seniors take none out,so it accumulates through the years.You can lead a boy to college,but you cant make him think.（PARODY:You can lead a horse to water but you cant make it drink.牵马到水边容易，逼马饮水难。）Without education we are in a horrible and deadly danger of taking ed
7、ucated people seriously.The important thing is the educational experience itself-how to survive it.,High School vs College,1.In high school,you do homework.In college,you study.2.No food is allowed in the hall in high school.In college,food must be provided at an event before students will come.3.In
8、 college,the professors can tell you the answer without looking at the teachers guide.4.In high school,you have to live with your parents.In college,you get to live with your friends.,To be continued,5.In high school,youre told what classes to take.In college,you get to choose;that is,as long as the
9、 classes dont conflict,you have the prerequisites,the classes arent closed,and youve paid your tuition.6.In high school,freshman guys hit on senior girls.In college,senior guys hit on freshman girls 7.In college,weekends start on Thursday.8.In high school,you cant go out to lunch because its not all
10、owed.In college,you cant go out to lunch because you cant afford it.,To be continued,College Seniors vs.Freshmen,Freshmen:Are never in bed past noon.Seniors:Are never out of bed before noonFreshmen:Read the syllabus to find out what classes they can attend.Seniors:Read the syllabus to find out what
11、classes they need to attend.Freshman:Calls the professor Professor.Senior:Calls the professor Bob.“Freshman:Memorizes the course material to get a good grade.Senior:Memorizes the professors habits to get a good grade.Freshmen:Have to ask where the computer labs are.Seniors:Has own personal workstati
12、on.,To be continued,Freshmen:Use the campus buses to go everywhere.Seniors:Use the campus buses to run block while crossing the street.Freshman:Lines up for an hour to buy his textbooks in the first week.Senior:Starts to think about buying textbooks in October.maybe.Freshman:Looks forward to first c
13、lasses of the year.Senior:Looks forward to first beer garden of the year.Freshman:Is proud of his A+on Calculus I midterm.Senior:Is proud of not quite failing his Complex Analysis midterm.Freshman:Calls his girlfriend back home every other night.Senior:Calls Dominos every other night.,to be continue
14、d,Freshman:Conscientiously completes all homework,including optional questions.Senior:Offers to tutor conscientious frosh(一年级 生)of opposite sex.Freshman:Goes on grocery shopping trip with Mom before moving onto campusSenior:Has a beer with Mom before moving onto campus.Freshman:Is excited about the
15、world of possibilities that awaits him,the unlimited vista of educational opportunities,the chance to expand ones horizons and really make a contribution to society.Senior:Is excited about new dryers in laundry room.Freshman:Takes meticulous four-color notes in class.Senior:Occasionally stays awake
16、for all of classes.,InClass Reading,Essay I The Commencement Speech Youll Never HearEssay IICollege:An all-forgiving world?,Essay I1.The Commencement Speech Youll Never Hmencement 意为毕业典礼汉译：你永远不会听到的毕业典礼演说。2.We the faculty take no pride in our educational achievement with you.(L1)the faculty:all the t
17、eachers take pride in:feel very pleased about3.You have spent four years supposing that failure leaves no record.(L4-5)spend some time(in)doing sth.此处supposing为宾语补足语，后接一从句作supposing 的宾语。汉译：你们花了四年时间形成了一个信念，以为失败是不会留下任何记录的。,4.when your work goes poorly,the painless solution is to drop out.(L6-8)drop ou
18、t:leave(school or a course)without finishing She attended Smith College for one year and then dropped out.5.Confronting difficulty by quitting leaves you changed.(L10-11)confronting difficulty by quitting:Facing difficulty by giving up,为动名词作主语汉译：遇难而退也会使你变成另一个人。,6.Most of you,after all,can look back
19、on honor grades for most of what youve done.(L14)after all:毕竟；look back on:回忆；I often look back on my youth and smile at some of the things I did.She looks back on her childhood with affection.honor grades:大学课程中得到的高分。汉泽：毕竟你们中的大多数人都记得在学过的大部分课程中都行过高分,7.So,here grades can have meant little in distingui
20、shing the excellent from the ordinary.(L15)grades指分数，little为否定，the excellent指好学生，the ordinary指普通学生。8.You will be ill-advised to demand praise for what does not deserve it,and abuse those who do not give it.（17-18）ill-advised:不明智的，愚蠢的，demand和abuse为并列不定式短语作原因状语，汉译：假如你们要求得到你们不该得到的表扬，诋毁那些不表扬你们的人，这是不明智的做
21、法。,9.deserve(L18)vt.Good work deserves good work.These people deserved to make more than the minimum wage.Youve been working all morning-you deserve a rest.One of them said the two dead joy riders got what they deserved.我离开那公司的时候，他已经变得不友好了。我觉的 他不应该这样对我。By the time we left the company,hed become pret
22、ty hostile.I felt I deserved better than that.,10.For years we created an altogether forgiving world,in which whatever slight effort you gave was all that was demanded.(L19-20)in which引导一个非限制性定语从句用于说明forgiving world；主谓句you gave作whatever slight effort的定语，all that=what,all that was demanded为表语从句。汉译：多年
23、来，我们创造了一个十分宽容的世界，在这里，我们所要求于你们的仅仅是一点微不足道的努力。,11.When you tossed on our desks writing upon which you had not laboured,we read it and even responded,as though you earned a response.(L25-26)toss:throw lightly or carelessly labour:work with great efforts I laboured through Homers Iliad with a Greek dicti
24、onary.The boat laboured upriver.earn:deserve Its been a tough six months and I feel Ive earned a few weeks off.,12.College has spoiled you by reading papers that dont deserve to be read,listening to comments that dont deserve a hearing,paying attention even to the lazy,ill-informed and rude.（35-37）三
25、个由by引导的方式状语指出学校通过这些方式将学生都“惯坏”了，使意思表达层层推进。译文：大学毁了你们，让你们阅读那些不值得一读的论文，听那些不值得一听的评论，甚至要尊重那些无所事事、孤陋寡闻、极不文明的人。,13.We had to do it,for the sake of education.(L37)for the sake of:in order to help,improve or please someone or something The old man gave up smoking for the sake of health.You are only arguing fo
26、r the sake of arguing.Lets not disagree for the sake of a few pounds.,14.when they give you what you want but have not earned,dont abuse them,insult them,act out with them your parlous relationships with your parents.(L44-46)act out:copy the actions which took place The groups act out the stories in
27、 such a way that the members experienced really being there.The famous actress acted out the heroines part in detail.,15.Few professors actually care whether or not they are liked by peer-paralyzed adolescents,fools so shallow as to imagine professors care not about education but about popularity.（4
28、7-49）so shallow as to:who are so shallow as to作定语修饰前面的fools汉译：一些年轻人只能在同龄人的眼中找到自我，那是一些愚昧无知的人，他们竟然浅薄到会以为教授们关心的不是教育，而是他们的声望，实际上，很少有教授在乎这类年轻人是否喜欢他们。,SUMMARY OF ESSAY I,At the beginning,the author states directly that the teachers take no pride in their educational achievement since they have taught thei
29、r students a world that does not exist at allThat is to say,what they taught in class is not to teach their students how to confront the real world.Then he puts forward the idea that college is an altogether forgiving world by saying that students are treated patiently and kindly by their teachers e
30、ven though their work are not worthy of being praised.Moreover,Prof.Daniels words are quoted to support his viewpointAt last,the author regards that teachers have nothing to take pride in their teaching career and the students should not deal with their co-workers and bosses in the way just like tha
31、t of dealing with the teachers at college.,Essay II 1.There is no doubt that Neusner should have taken a closer look at what college life is really like before formulating such a strong opinion about it.(L10-12)take a close look:look carefully If you take a close look,youll just see the lighthouse.T
32、ake a close at him to find out what sort of person he is.,2.He is completely ignoring all the pressures and hard times students go through to make it at college.（12-14）go through:经历，经受汉译：他完全无视学生们为了学业成功而经受的一切压力与艰辛。make it:be successful in a particular activity or profession I never thought Clare woul
33、d make it as an actress.Tell him I want to see him tonight,at my house if he can make it.The charts showed we had made it,and big.(图表显示我们成功了，非常地成功。）,3.Neusner believes that in college we are trained to think that“failure leaves no record”because we can supposedly get away with mistakes easily.(L24-2
34、5)get away with:not be caught or punished for sth.you have done The child ought to be punished.You should not let him get away with telling lies.I dont think any society can survive if people can kill and get away from it.How did Tom get away with cheating?,4.When the going gets tough,the tough have
35、 to get down to work（31-32）第一个tough为difficult,第二个tough为strong hardworking students汉译：学习紧张时，本来顽强学习的人也得更加努力学习。,SUMMARY OF ESSAY II,The author argues with Jacob Neusner who thinks that“failure leaves no record”and that college is not a preparatory school for life.He lists many facts to support his own
36、idea and to prove that Neusner is wrong.At last，he comes to conclusion that college life is not easy,free,forgiving,comfortable，interesting and unchallenging fun for the students to spend their four laborious years studying.,KEYS,1.Understanding the Organization of the TextPassage I1)The message Pro
37、f.Neusner passes to the graduates.(para.I)We take no pride in our educational achievement because we have inadequately prepared students for the real world.Reason:At Brown,during the four years,students have formed the belief that failure leaves no record,while in the real world failure marks you.2)
38、Two different attitudes toward errors.(para.2)At Brown,students defend their errors by arguing about:A.why their errors were not errors;B.why mediocre work was excellent;C.why they could take pride in their poor presentation.In the real world,graduates had better not defend their errors but learn fr
39、om them.,3)College is an altogether forgiving world.(para.3-5)No matter what slight effort students made,they could meet the demand.A.When students broke appointments,professors make new ones.B.When the deadline was missed,professors pretended not to care.C.Boring talks were considered to be importa
40、nt.D.Unlabored writing was commented.E.Dull students were treated as if they were smart.The reason why professors did all this was not that they wanted to be liked by students,but that professors did not want to be bothered and pretense was the easy way out.,4)Prof.Daniels viewpoint.(para.6)College
41、has deprived students of adequate preparation for the real world.5)The ending of the speech.(para.7-8)A.Conclusion:On this commencement day,we professors have nothing to take pride in.B.Advice for graduates:a.Dont act toward your co-workers and bosses as you have acted toward us.b.Go to life and unl
42、earn the lies we taught you here.,Passage II1)The points Ida Timothees going to argue against:(para.1)A.Students have been made to believe that failure leaves no record.B.College is not a preparatory school for life.2)Ida Timothees comments on Neusners points:(para2.)A.He knows little about students
43、 college life.B.He ignores the pressures and hard times students experience at college.3)Ida argues against Neusners point that college is not preparing students for real life.(para.3)During the college years,we start to be independent,make crucial decisions and are responsible for them.,Supporting
44、evidence:A.We learn to budget our time and money.B.We are tolerant enough to survive in a crowded triple room.C.We meet people from different parts of the world.4)Ida argues against the so-called students belief that failure leaves no record.(para.4)Her counter-examples:A.If you fail a test or a cou
45、rse,the teacher wont erase the grade.B.If you drop a class,youll have to take more courses next semester.C.Low grades or low GPA means no fine graduate school,no degree.D.Everyone has to take midterms and finals.E.No teachers have pretended not to care when deadlines are not kept.5)Idas conclusion:(
46、para.5)College is not“easy,free,forgiving.attentive comfortable interesting unchallenging fun”to her.,2.Understanding Specific Information（P265）1)B 2)A 3)B 4)A 5)B 6)A 7)A 8)B3.Being Ida Timothee（P266）SampleFacts students may list to argue against the professor:Most teachers/professors are strict an
47、d responsible;glass attendance is required,otherwise points will be deducted;fur schedule is so tight that we have little time for sports and other activities;-We are required to take too many quizzes,exams,etc.;-High marks are very hard to get;Our dormitories are crowded and our cafeteria is not sp
48、acious enough;-We have to learn to take care of ourselves.,Key to Vocabulary(P266),1.belief-doubt deep-shallow learn-unlearn shame-pride polite-rude inadequate-adequate success-failure boring-interesting dependent-independent mediocre-excellent useless-useful well-informed-ill-informed smart-dull pa
49、inful-painless imaginativeunimaginative boring-insteresting,2.(P266)1)deprived of 2)for the sake of 3)get away with 4)dropped out5)by no means 6)got down to 7)distinguish.from 8)look back on9)gone through 10)after all 11)be rid of 12)on my own,3.（P 267）1)choice 2)secure 3)hear 4)who 5)keep 6)while/w
50、hen 7)now 8)This 9)pressure10)expecting 11)tests 12)within 13)bad 14)catch 15)marks16)parents 17)obtain/get 18)teachers 19)relax 20)shape,PART THRESS,ENRICHING YOUR WORDPOWER(p288)1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.A,Translation Practice(P296),1)理解、应用概念和记住那些考试一结束就会忘得一干二净的事实，这两者之间有着明确的区
