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1、汉译英错译例与析,1.我每天都要在网吧里呆上10个小时,是个不折不扣的网虫。误 I spend 10 hours in the net bar every day,and I am indeed a net bug。正 I spend 10 hours in the net bar every day,and I am indeed a netter。注:“网虫”要是直译成 net bug,很容易使人联想到计算机病毒,如:the millennium bug(“千年虫”病毒)。所以,英语中与之相应的说法是 netter/nettle。在剑桥国际英语词典里,对 netter/nettle 的解释
2、是:regular user of Internet,perhaps one who spends too much time in this occupation。nethead 和“网虫”的意思差不多,它表示“网痴,网迷”;而 netizen 则可以用来指所有的网民,尤其是互联网的用户,它是由 net(网络)和 citizen(公民)组合而成的。,2.东施效颦。误 Doingshi imitates Xishi。正 The ugly imitates the beautiful in such a distorted way that the ugliness of the ugly be
3、comes worse。注:把原文按照字面意思直译过来,恐怕只有中国人能够理解。要想让外国人明白这个中国成语,就要对译文进行解释性加工了。同样,“情人眼里出西施”不是 Xishi is in the eye of the beholder,而是 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder。,3.你不好好学习,还想去牛津上大学。这可真是个不切实际的幻想哟!误 You dont study hard,yet you want to go to Oxford.What an impractical illusion!正 You dont study hard,yet y
4、ou want to go to Oxford.What an illusion!注:汉语中的修饰语往往用的很多,目的在于加强语气,但这种表达习惯在翻译时必须进行处理。illusion 本身就有 impractical 的含义,而英语中在表意已经很明确的情况下是无需重复的。4.想让他答应这样的要求恐怕不大可能。误 Im afraid it is impossible for him to agree to such a request。正 Im afraid it is unlikely for him to agree to such a request。注:impossible 表示“完全
5、不可能”,所以与原文有出入。在英语中,probable 表示的可能性最大,其次是 possible,再次是 likely。而常用的句式为 it is probable/possible/likely for sb.to do sth.,或 sb.be likely to do sth.。,5.一群蚂蚁误 a group of ants正 a colony of ants注:表示群体时,group 通常指人或物,而 colony 才指生物群体6.每次考试来临的时候,约翰就变成了一只夜猫子,但这并不是一个好的学习方法。误 John becomes a night cat every time th
6、e examination is coming.However,this is not a good way to learn。正 John becomes a night owl every time the examination is coming.However,this is not a good way to learn。注:owl 是“猫头鹰”的意思,即一种深夜不睡,睁一只眼,闭一只眼,准备随时捕捉田鼠的动物。英语中用 night owl 来比喻经常熬夜的人,就像我们习惯用“夜猫子”一样。不论叫你“夜猫子”还是 a night owl,“开夜车”(burn the midnigh
7、t oil)总是免不了的。,7.现如今,由于出国深造的人越来越多,“海龟(归)派”也不像原来那样吃香了。误 Nowadays as more and more people study abroad,the overseas students are not so popular as before.正 Nowadays as more and more people study abroad,the returnees are not so popular as before。注:“海龟(归)派”是指那些在国外留学以后又回来的人,是个非常形象的新名词。但 overseas student 是
8、指正在国外学习的“留学生”,意思正好相反,所以要换成 returnee。这个词本身就包含在海外学习过的意思。,8.在皎洁的月光下,那个花花公子在我耳边悄悄说着情话。误 The playboy whispered love words to my ear with a bright moon in the sky。正 The playboy whispered sweet nothings to my ear with a bright moon in the sky。注:因为“情书”是 love letter,“情歌”是 love song,所以不少人以为“情话”就应该是 love words
9、,其实并非如此。英语中“情话”常用 loversprattle 或 sweet nothings 来表达。prattle 有“孩子话,废话”的意思,所以 lovers prattle 指“恋人之间孩子气的废话”;sweet nothings 更是一目了然,有“甜蜜而不中用”的意思。,9.哈罗得挥金如土,没有一点积蓄。误 Harold spends money like dirt,and has no savings。正 Harold spends money like water,and has no savings。注:英国是一个岛国,离不开水;而我们中国的许多地区深处内陆,人们的生活离不开
10、土地。所以,英语中有许多习语与“水”有关,而汉语却常常拿“土”作比。这就是为什么同样是比喻花钱浪费,大手大脚,英语是 spend money like water,而汉语却是“挥金如土”。此外,英语中还有很多有关船和水的习语,例如:rest on ones oars(暂时歇一歇),keep ones head above water(奋力图存),be all at sea(不知所措)等等。10.这只表的价钱很贵。误 The price of the watch is dear。正 The watch is dear./The price of the watch is high。注:以物品为主语时用 dear 或 cheap,以定价为主语时就说 high 或 low。,THE END,Thank you,