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1、第1讲 UNIT 1 科技英语基础知识（一）,1.1 科技英语的特点,(1)复杂长句多(2)被动语态多(3)非谓语动词多,(1)复杂长句多,为了表述一个复杂概念，使之逻辑严密，结构紧凑，科技文章中往往出现许多长句。,(1)复杂长句,The method normally employed(利用)for electrons to be produced in electron tubes is thermionic emission(热离子发射),in which advantage is taken of the fact that,if a solid body is heated suff
2、iciently,some of the electrons that it contains will escape from its surface into the surrounding space.,(1)复杂长句,固体加热到足够温度时，它所含的电子就会有一部分离开表面飞到周围空间去，这种现象叫作热离子发射。通常，电子管就是利用这种现象来产生电子的。,1.1 科技英语的特点,(1)复杂长句多(2)被动语态多(3)非谓语动词多,(2)被动语态,Fibers can be used throughout the video distribution network,including t
3、he final link into the subscribers home.用光纤穿过视频分布网络，包括最终链接到用户的家中。,(2)被动语态,Electrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium.Such a device is called a capacitor,and its ability to store electrical energy is called capacitance.It is measured in farads.电能可以储存在由绝缘介质隔开
4、的两块金属板内。这样的装置称为电容器，其储存电能的能力称为电容。电容的测量单位是法拉。,为什么采用被动语态？,原因1：第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象，尽量使用第三人称叙述。原因2：将主要信息前置，放在主语部份。,翻译练习,1.A database may be designed for batch processing,real-time processing,or in-line processing.数据库可用于批处理，实时处理，或在线处理。,翻译练习,2.If we consider binary transmission,the complete information a
5、bout a particular message will always be obtained by simply detecting the presence or absence of pulse.如果考虑二进制传输，通过简单检测脉冲的出现与否，总是可以获得某消息的完整信息。,翻译练习,3.Noise can be introduced into transmission path in many different ways,perhaps via a nearby lighting strike,the sparking of a car ignition system,or th
6、e thermal low-level noise within the communication equipment itself.传输通道可以通过多种不同方式引入噪声，比如邻近的雷击，汽车点火系统的火花，或者通信设备自身的低热噪声。,1.1 科技英语的特点,(1)复杂长句多(2)被动语态多(3)非谓语动词多,(3)非谓语动词,A capacitor is a device consisting of two conductors separated by a non-conductor.电容器是由非导体隔开的两个导体组成的一种装置。,(3)非谓语动词,Expressed in a for
7、mula,the relationship between voltage,current and resistance can be written as V=IR.若用公式表示的话，电压、电流和电阻之间的关系可写成 V=IR。,(3)非谓语动词,This reduction of Boolean expressions eliminates unnecessary gates,thereby saving cost,space and weight.布尔表达式经过这样的简化之后，去掉了不必要的门电路，从而节省了成本，缩小了体积，减轻了重量。,(3)非谓语动词,Almost all metals are good conductors,silver being the best.几乎所有的金属都是良导体，银是最好的。,(3)非谓语动词,For a transistor to function normally,it is necessary to apply proper voltages to its electrodes.为了使晶体管正常工作，必须给其电极加上合适的电压。(一般不写成To make a transistor function normally),作业,阅读教材UNIT 1搜集专业术语,电子信息专业英语课程第1讲 终,
