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1、英语一般将来时的几种表达方式the Simple Future Tense,吉安县桐坪中学 王婷,1.be going to动词原形结构的用法,(1)这种结构表示主体现在的意图，即打算在最近或将来要做某事 A.What are you going to do next Sunday?下星期天你打算干什么 B.Shes going to be a teacher.她打算当一名教师 C.The wall is going to be brushed white.这面墙将刷成白(2)表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为很可能即将发生某事。此结构往往表示客观事态的发展Look at these black c
2、louds.Its going to rain.看这些乌云。天快要下雨了。B.Im afraid Im going to have a bad cold.恐怕我要得重感冒,2.will/shall动词原形结构的用法,shall用于第一人称，will可以通用于各种人称。在问句中shall常用于第一人称表示建议或征求对方意见。,A.I shall write you a letter next month.我下个月给你写信。B.I will go to my home town next week.我下周去老家。C.Shall we go to the park?我们去公园好吗？,be going
3、 to与will用法上的异同(1),(1)be going to与will都可用来表示即将发生的事情。前者多用于口语，后者常用于书面语和正式文告中。例如：A.Therell(is going to)be a football match in our school next week.下周我校将举行（有）一场足球赛。B.The American basketball team will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.美国篮球队明天将抵达北京。(2)be going to 与will都可用来表示意图。（“意图”是事先经过考虑的，用be going to表示；反之则用wil
4、l。will还多用于对话中，即一方听了对方的话后所作出的反应。）A.Theyre going to meet at the school gate.他们打算在学校大门见面。B.Please bring me a cup of tea.请给我端杯茶来。Ill do it in a minute.我马上就去（端）。,be going to与will用法上的异同(2),(3)be going to常含有“即将”之意；而will即可表示“即将”又可表示“较长时间后的未来”，或不表示任何特定的将来时间概念。A.Were going to visit the factory.我们即将去参观那家工厂。B.H
5、ell write a book one day.他有朝一日要写书C.The house will break down.那屋子（迟早）要倒塌。(4)表示预测：“be going to”表示有发生某事的迹象；will则表示说话者认为或相信要发生某事。A.Its very dark and cold.Its going to snow.天很暗而且非常冷，要下雪了。B.Im sure hell be back in an hour.我确信他一小时后会回来。,be going to与will用法上的异同(3),(5)在表示“询问对方是否愿意”以及表示“客气的邀请”时，常用will。A.Will yo
6、u lend me the book?你能把那本书借给我吗？B.Will you go there with us?你能和我们一起去那儿吗？(6)be going to可用于条件句，表示将来的时间，will一般不能。If you are going to watch TV this evening,youd better finish your homework now.你若想今晚看电视，最好现在就完成作业 注：如果不是表示将来的时间，而是表示“意愿、坚持、推论”等，will也可用于条件句 A.If you will learn English,Ill help you.你若愿意学习英语，我将
7、帮助你。B.If you will kindly wait a moment,Ill ask him to go there with you.你若耐心等一会的话，我将叫他和你一起去那儿。,be going to与will用法上的异同(4),如果条件从句表示将来发生的动作或状态，主句中常用will，而条件从句中则用一般现在时表示。（主将从现）If you go to England,you will like the food there.如果你去英国的话，你将会喜欢那儿的食物。注：若条件从句表示的是现在的动作或状态，主句中也可用be going to。例如：If I have enough
8、money,Im going to take a trip abroad.若我有足够钱的话，我就出国旅游一趟。,Summarizations(小结),即将：be going to(口语)；will(书面语或正式文告)意图：be going to（事先经过考虑的）；will(多用于对话中，即一方听了对方的话后所作出的反应)be going to(即将)will(即将)/(较长时间后的未来 或不表示任何特定的将来时间概念)be going to（有发生某事的迹象）will（说话者认为或相信要发生某事）Will（“询问对方是否愿意”以及表示“客气的邀请”）条件句 be going to（表示将来的时
9、间）will（表示“意愿、坚持、推论”等，will也可用于条件句）,3.be动词不定式结构的用法,这种结构着重指按计划或安排将要发生某事。常表示“职责、意图、约定、可能性”等。例如A.You are to be back by 11 oclock.你必须11点回来B.We are to meet at the zoo.我们约定在动物园见面。C.The football match is not to be played today.今天不能举行足球比赛了。,4.be about动词不定式结构的用法,4.be about动词不定式结构的用法,4.be about动词不定式结构的用法,这种结构表示
10、“最近或马上要发生的动作”。例如：The meeting is about to begin.会议马上开始 B.Summer harvest is about to start.夏收即将开始。,5.bev.ing结构的用法,这种结构表示按计划即将发生的动作，用进行时形式表示将来的时间，但只适用于表示位置移动的动词。(如：go,come,leave,start,arrive,move,return,fly(乘飞机)等，并常伴有表示将来时间的状语以区别于进行时的动作。例如：)A.Where are you going this Saturday?这个星期六你准备去哪儿？B.The Greens a
11、re moving to another city the day after tomorrow.格林一家后天要搬迁到另一个城市。C.Mr.Li is flying to Shanghai tomorrow morning.李先生明天早晨乘飞机去上海。,一、单项选择。()1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be C.is going to be D.will go to be()2.Charlie _ here next month.A.isnt working B.doesnt w
12、orking C.isnt going to working D.wont work()3.He _ very busy this week,he _ free next week.A.will be;is B.is;is C.will be;will be D.is;will be()4.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.was B.is going to have C.will have D.is going to be()5._ you _ free tomorrow?No.I _ free the day afte
13、r tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will B.Are;going to be;will C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be()6.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A.will gives B.will give C.gives D.give()7.Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?_.（不，不要。）A.No,you wont.B.No,you arent.C.No,please dont.D.No,please.,一、单
14、选1 _you _a doctor when you grow up?A Will;going to be B Are;going to be C Are;/D Will;be2 I dont know if his uncle _.I think he _ if it doesnt rain.A will come;comes B will come;will come C comes;comes D comes;will come3 He will be back _a few minutes.A with B for C on D in4 What time _we meet at th
15、e gate tomorrow?A will B shall C do D are5 He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont finish6 There _some showers this afternoon.A will be B will have C is going to be D are going to have 7 It _my brothers birthday tomorrow.She _a party.A
16、 is going to be;will have B will be;is having C will be;is going to have D will have;is going to be8 Li Ming is 10 years old now,next year he _11.A is B is going to be C will be D will to be,二、填空1-“I need some paper.”-“I _(bring)some for you.”2_(be)you free tomorrow?3 They _(not leave)until you come
17、 back.4 _we_(go)to the party together this afternoon?5 They want to know when the meeting _start.6 I _(go)with you if I have time.7 Hurry up!Or we _(be)late.8What _you _(do)tomorrow afternoon?9 Jenny _ _(do)an experiment the day after tomorrow.10 If she isnt free tomorrow,she _(not take)part in the
18、party.,一、单项选择。()1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be C.is going to be D.will go to be()2.Charlie _ here next month.A.isnt working B.doesnt working C.isnt going to working D.wont work()3.He _ very busy this week,he _ free next week.A.will be;is B.is;is C.will b
19、e;will be D.is;will be()4.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.was B.is going to have C.will have D.is going to be()5._ you _ free tomorrow?No.I _ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will B.Are;going to be;will C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be()6.Mother _ me a
20、nice present on my next birthday.A.will gives B.will give C.gives D.give,()7.Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?_.（不，不要。）A.No,you wont.B.No,you arent.C.No,please dont.D.No,please.()8.Where is the morning paper?I _ if for you at once.A.get B.am getting C.to get D.will get()9._ a concert next Saturday?A
21、.There will be B.Will there be C.There can be D.There are()10.If they come,we _ a meeting.A.have B.will have C.had D.would have()11.He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A.gives B.gave C.will giving D.is going to giving,()12.He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A.writes B.has written C.will w
22、rite D.wrote()13.He _ in three days.A.coming back B.came back C.will come back D.is going to coming back()14.If it _ tomorrow,well go roller-skating.A.isnt rain B.wont rain C.doesnt rain D.doesnt fine()15.Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?No,_（不去）.A.they willnt.B.they wont
23、 C.they arent.D.they dont.()16.Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A.will;go B.do;go C.will;going D.shall;go()17.We _ the work this way next time.A.do B.will do C.going to do D.will doing()18.Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first,and then _ boating in the park.A.will fly;will go B.will
24、fly;goes C.is going to fly;will goes D.flies;will go,()19.The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A.will watching B.watches C.is watching D.is going to watch()20.There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A.shall be B.will be C.shall going to be D.will going to be()21.They _ an English evening ne
25、xt Sunday.A.are having B.are going to have C.will having D.is going to have()22._ you _ free next Sunday?A.Will;are B.Will;be C.Do;be D.Are;be()23.He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.A.will B.is C.will be D.be()24._ your brother _ a magazine from the library?A.Are;going to borrow B.Is;going to borrow
26、 C.Will;borrows D.Are;going to borrows()25.Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?_（好的）.A.Yes,please B.Yes,you will.C.No,please.D.No,you wont.()26.It _ the year of the horse next year.A.is going to be B.is going to C.will be D.will is,()27._ open the window?A.Will you please B.Please will you C.You please D.Do you()28.Lets go out to play football,shall we?OK.I _.A.will coming B.be going to come C.come D.am coming()29.It _ us a long time to learn English well.A.takes B.will take C.spends D.will spend()30.The train _ at 11.A.going to arrive B.will be arrive C.is going to D.is arriving,
