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1、动词的时态之一般将来时,目录,定义,1,五种用法,2,时间状语,3,句式结构,4,定义,一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。如:tomorrow(明天)，next week(下周);in the future(将来)等。一般将来时由助动词shall(第一人称)，will(第二、三人称)动词原形构成。美式英语则不管什么人称，一律用will。,五种用法,（1）will/shall do表示客观上势必发生的事情或临时作出的打算例如：He will be twenty years old.他明年就20岁了。Will you be f
2、ree tonight?你今晚有空吗？I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨，我就不来了。（第一人称一般用shall）,五种用法,（2）be going to doa.表示计划、打算、准备做的事。We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过？b.根据某种迹象表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。I think it is going to snow.我看要下雪了。Look at the dark c
3、louds.It is going to rain.看那乌云，要下雨了。,五种用法,(3)be to do sth.a.表示计划、约定或按职责、义务必须去做的事eg.You are to hand in the composition on Monday.周一你必须交上作文。b.即将发生的动作 All the questions are to be answered at once.所有的问题都必须立即回答。c.征求对方意见 Are we to go on with this work?我们继续干吗？,五种用法,（4）be about to do 表示不久或即将发生的动作，意为：立刻，马上。一
4、般不与时间状语连用eg.We are about to leave.我们马上就走。The new school year is about to begin.新学年即将开始。Sit down,everyone.The film is about to start.大家坐好，电影马上开始了。,五种用法,(5)某些行进式动词，如go，come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live,fly,等可用一般现在时表示按计划即将发生的动作eg.The meeting starts at five oclock.会议五点开始。He gets off at the nex
5、t stop.他下一站下车。,用法补充,（1）在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。eg.Will she come?她（会）来吗？（2）在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall，这时或是征求对方的意见，或是询问一个情况(b)：a.Where shall we meet?我们在哪儿碰头？b.Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗？在这类问句中，近几年来也有不少人用will，特别是在美国。例如：How will I get there?我怎么去？,用法补充,（3
6、）根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来时。eg.The new term starts(begins)on August 29th.新学期八月二十九日开学。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go out for a picnic.如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。（4）在一些祈使动词短语make sure，see（to）it，be sure后接从句，用一般现在时表将来。eg.1.Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.2.Be sure you f
7、inish it today.3.See to it that the door is fastened before you go to bed,时间状语,1）tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening2）next year/week/month/hour/day/century3)in the future4)this afternoon/Sunday/evening5)from now on6)one day,someday（未来的）某天7)soon,时间状语,常用的表示将来的时间词:tomorro
8、wnext+时间词(next week,)in+时间词(in three days,)this+时间词(this weekend,),句式结构,1.肯定句：I/We shall/will go.You/He/She/They will go.2.否定句：I/We shall/will not go.You/He/She/They will not go.3.疑问句：Shall I/we go?Will you/he/she/they go?简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语shall/will(否)No,主语 shall/will not4.特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首，后接
9、一般疑问句（就主语提问时，以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外）-Why will you be here on Sunday?（周日你为什么将要在这儿？）-I will have a meeting on Sunday.（我将要在周日举行一个聚会。）一般疑问句：be或will提到句首some改any,and改or，第一二人称互换We are going to go on an outing this weekend.-Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?,句式结构,5.被动句：will/shall+be+v.ed(及物动词过去分词）The l
10、etter will be sent tomorrow.这封信明天将寄出去We shall be punished if we break the rule.如果我们违反规定，我们将受到惩罚。注意：will和shall在句子中所表达的“意志”是不同的，当句子主语是第一人称（I）的时候表示的是主语 I 的自主“意志”。shall在第二、三人称时也和will在第一人称一样。也只有在二三人称才带有意志，只不过shall带有的是“说话者”的意志。而不是主语的意志。如：he shall be rewarded.他会得到回报,主将从现,主将从现是指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，如果主句是一
11、般将来时，从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。eg.I will tell him about it when he comes.If it is fine tomorrow,we will go outing.如果主句的时态是过去将来时，那么从句要用一般过去时。例如：He said that he would have another try if he had the chance.I knew he could help me if he was free the next day.主要标志有：if、unless、until、when、as soon as(用一般将来时提问，回答时也要用一般
12、将来时),主将从现,常见的有以下四种情况：一、时间状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。如：When I grow up,Ill be a nurse and look after patients.我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。二、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时如：Dont laugh at me when I make a mistake.我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时如：You should be quiet when you are in the reading room在阅览室时应保持安静。
13、四、如果if的条件状语从句遇到变换间接和直接时,祈使句应用notto.如;She said not to close the window.常见的时间状语从句的连词有：as soon as,when,while,as,until等,PS：will与be going to 的分别,be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：1.be going to 表示将要发生的事情，will 表示的时间则较远一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.2.be
14、 going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill.He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.,3.be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to,而多用will,如：If any beasts comes at you,Ill stay
15、with you and help you.5.be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will多表示意愿，决心。两者有时不能互换。如：She is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.她正努力学习并尝试参加考试。（is going to不能用will替换）,Exercises,1.What would you do if it _ tomorrow?We have to carry it on,since weve got everything ready.A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is r
16、aining2.What are you going to do this afternoon?I am going to the cinema with some friends.The film _quite early,so we _ to the bookstore after that.A.finished;are going B.finished;go C.finishes;are going D.finishes;go,3.My younger brother _be 15 years old next year.A.is going to B.will C.is to D.should 4.Sorry,I forgot to post the letter for you.Never mind,_ post it myself tonight.A.Im going to B.I prefer to C.Ill D.Id rather5.Write to me when you get home._.A.I must B.I should C.I will D.I can,
